{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/art-architecture-terms",
 "id": "art-architecture-terms",
 "title": "Architecture Terms and Landmarks",
 "category": "arts-music",
 "subject": "Architecture",
 "levels": [
  "6-8",
  "9-12",
  "adult"
 ],
 "description": "Parts of buildings, building styles and famous architects and landmarks.",
 "tags": [
  "architecture",
  "buildings",
  "landmarks"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Term",
 "backLabel": "Meaning",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Arch",
   "A curved structure that spans an opening"
  ],
  [
   "Column",
   "A tall round support, like a pillar"
  ],
  [
   "Dome",
   "A rounded roof like half a ball"
  ],
  [
   "Vault",
   "An arched ceiling or roof"
  ],
  [
   "Buttress",
   "A support built against a wall to strengthen it"
  ],
  [
   "Flying buttress",
   "A stone arch outside a Gothic church that braces the wall"
  ],
  [
   "Facade",
   "The front face of a building"
  ],
  [
   "Foundation",
   "The base that supports a building"
  ],
  [
   "Beam",
   "A horizontal support"
  ],
  [
   "Lintel",
   "A horizontal beam over a door or window"
  ],
  [
   "Cornice",
   "A decorative strip along the top of a wall"
  ],
  [
   "Pediment",
   "A triangle-shaped part above a doorway or columns"
  ],
  [
   "Spire",
   "A tall pointed top of a tower"
  ],
  [
   "Steeple",
   "A tall tower on a church with a spire"
  ],
  [
   "Minaret",
   "A tall slender tower of a mosque"
  ],
  [
   "Pagoda",
   "A tiered tower of East Asia"
  ],
  [
   "Gargoyle",
   "A carved stone creature that drains rain from a roof"
  ],
  [
   "Atrium",
   "A large open space inside a building, often with a glass roof"
  ],
  [
   "Skyscraper",
   "A very tall building"
  ],
  [
   "Blueprint",
   "A drawing plan of a building"
  ],
  [
   "Doric column",
   "The simplest Greek column style, plain at the top"
  ],
  [
   "Ionic column",
   "Greek column with scroll shapes at the top"
  ],
  [
   "Corinthian column",
   "Greek column with leaves at the top"
  ],
  [
   "Parthenon",
   "Greek temple on the Acropolis in Athens, finished in 432 BCE"
  ],
  [
   "Colosseum",
   "Roman amphitheater in Rome opened in 80 CE"
  ],
  [
   "Pantheon",
   "Roman temple in Rome with a huge concrete dome"
  ],
  [
   "Aqueduct",
   "A bridge-like structure that carries water"
  ],
  [
   "Pyramids of Giza",
   "Egyptian royal tombs built about 4,500 years ago"
  ],
  [
   "Great Wall of China",
   "A long defensive wall built across northern China over many centuries"
  ],
  [
   "Taj Mahal",
   "White marble tomb in Agra, India, completed in 1653"
  ],
  [
   "Hagia Sophia",
   "Great domed building in Istanbul built in 537"
  ],
  [
   "Notre-Dame de Paris",
   "Gothic cathedral in Paris started in 1163"
  ],
  [
   "St. Peter's Basilica",
   "Church in Vatican City with a dome designed with help from Michelangelo"
  ],
  [
   "Eiffel Tower",
   "Iron tower in Paris built for the 1889 World's Fair by Gustave Eiffel's company"
  ],
  [
   "Big Ben",
   "Nickname of the great bell in the clock tower at Westminster, London"
  ],
  [
   "Sagrada Familia",
   "Unfinished church in Barcelona designed by Antoni Gaudi"
  ],
  [
   "Sydney Opera House",
   "Sail-roofed arts center in Australia, opened in 1973"
  ],
  [
   "Burj Khalifa",
   "Skyscraper in Dubai, completed in 2010"
  ],
  [
   "Empire State Building",
   "New York skyscraper completed in 1931"
  ],
  [
   "Chrysler Building",
   "New York Art Deco skyscraper from 1930"
  ],
  [
   "Golden Gate Bridge",
   "Suspension bridge in San Francisco opened in 1937"
  ],
  [
   "Brooklyn Bridge",
   "Suspension bridge in New York opened in 1883"
  ],
  [
   "Frank Lloyd Wright",
   "American architect who designed Fallingwater"
  ],
  [
   "Fallingwater",
   "House built over a waterfall in Pennsylvania by Frank Lloyd Wright"
  ],
  [
   "Zaha Hadid",
   "Iraqi-British architect who designed curving modern buildings"
  ],
  [
   "I. M. Pei",
   "Architect of the glass pyramid at the Louvre"
  ],
  [
   "Antoni Gaudi",
   "Spanish architect of curvy, colorful designs"
  ],
  [
   "Frank Gehry",
   "Architect of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao"
  ],
  [
   "Christopher Wren",
   "English architect who rebuilt St. Paul's Cathedral after the 1666 fire"
  ],
  [
   "Gothic architecture",
   "Style with pointed arches, tall windows and flying buttresses"
  ],
  [
   "Romanesque architecture",
   "Style with round arches and thick walls"
  ],
  [
   "Baroque architecture",
   "Style with grand curves, drama and decoration"
  ],
  [
   "Neoclassical architecture",
   "Style that copies ancient Greek and Roman buildings, like the US Capitol"
  ],
  [
   "Art Deco architecture",
   "Geometric, glamorous style of the 1920s and 1930s"
  ],
  [
   "Modernism",
   "Style with simple shapes and little decoration, 'less is more'"
  ],
  [
   "Brutalism",
   "Style using raw concrete in blocky forms"
  ],
  [
   "Sustainable architecture",
   "Design that saves energy and protects the environment"
  ],
  [
   "Green roof",
   "A roof covered with plants"
  ],
  [
   "Mud brick (adobe)",
   "A building material of sun-dried clay and straw"
  ],
  [
   "Igloo",
   "A dome-shaped snow house built by Inuit people"
  ],
  [
   "Yurt",
   "A round tent house used by nomads in Central Asia"
  ],
  [
   "Stilt house",
   "House raised on poles above water or ground"
  ],
  [
   "Castle",
   "A fortified building of medieval Europe"
  ],
  [
   "Moat",
   "A ditch filled with water around a castle"
  ],
  [
   "Drawbridge",
   "A bridge that can be raised to block a castle entrance"
  ]
 ]
}