Cranium: The skull bones that protect the brain Mandible: The jawbone; the only movable bone of the skull Maxilla: The upper jaw Clavicle: The collarbone Scapula: The shoulder blade Sternum: The breastbone in the middle of the chest Ribs: Curved bones that protect the heart and lungs Vertebrae: The bones of the backbone Spine (vertebral column): Supports the body and protects the spinal cord Humerus: The upper arm bone Radius: Forearm bone on the thumb side Ulna: Forearm bone on the pinky side Carpals: The wrist bones Metacarpals: The bones of the palm of the hand Phalanges: The bones of the fingers and toes Pelvis: The hip bones that support the upper body Femur: The thigh bone; the longest and strongest bone Patella: The kneecap Tibia: The shinbone, the larger lower leg bone Fibula: The thinner lower leg bone Tarsals: The ankle bones Metatarsals: The bones of the middle of the foot Calcaneus: The heel bone Coccyx: The tailbone Sacrum: Triangle-shaped bone at the base of the spine Stapes: Smallest bone in the body, in the ear Malleus: The hammer bone in the ear Incus: The anvil bone in the ear How many bones does an adult have?: 206 How many bones does a baby have, about?: Around 300, some of which fuse Cervical vertebrae: The 7 neck bones Thoracic vertebrae: The 12 vertebrae in the upper and middle back Lumbar vertebrae: The 5 vertebrae of the lower back How many pairs of ribs do people have?: 12 pairs Joint: Where two bones meet Ligament: Tough tissue that connects bone to bone Tendon: Tough tissue that connects muscle to bone Cartilage: Flexible tissue that cushions joints and shapes ears and nose Marrow: Soft tissue inside bones that makes blood cells Ball-and-socket joint: A joint that moves in all directions, like the shoulder and hip Hinge joint: A joint that moves back and forth, like the knee and elbow Pivot joint: A joint that rotates, like the neck Gliding joint: A joint where bones slide past each other, as in the wrist Fixed (immovable) joint: A joint that does not move, as in the skull Calcium: The mineral that makes bones hard Osteoporosis: A condition in which bones become weak and thin Fracture: A break in a bone Hyoid: A small U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue Zygomatic bone: The cheekbone Occipital bone: The bone at the back and base of the skull Frontal bone: The forehead bone Sutures: The joints between skull bones Axial skeleton: Skull, spine and rib cage Appendicular skeleton: The limbs and the bones that attach them Periosteum: The tough covering on the outside of a bone Compact bone: The hard, dense outer layer of bone Spongy bone: Lighter bone with small holes inside Free flashcards from Peabody at peabody.kids/flashcards/bio-bones