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Cell	The basic unit of all living things		bio-cell-parts
Nucleus	Holds the DNA and controls the cell's activities		bio-cell-parts
Nucleolus	Inside the nucleus; makes parts of ribosomes		bio-cell-parts
Nuclear envelope	Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus		bio-cell-parts
Cell membrane	Thin outer layer that controls what enters and leaves		bio-cell-parts
Cell wall	Rigid outer layer that supports plant, fungus and bacteria cells		bio-cell-parts
Cytoplasm	Jelly-like fluid that fills the cell		bio-cell-parts
Cytosol	The liquid part of the cytoplasm		bio-cell-parts
Mitochondrion	Releases energy from food (The powerhouse of the cell)		bio-cell-parts
Chloroplast	Where plants make food by photosynthesis		bio-cell-parts
Ribosome	Builds proteins		bio-cell-parts
Rough endoplasmic reticulum	Folded membranes covered in ribosomes; makes proteins		bio-cell-parts
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum	Makes lipids and helps remove toxins		bio-cell-parts
Golgi apparatus	Packages and ships proteins and lipids (Like the post office)		bio-cell-parts
Vacuole	Storage sac for water, food and waste		bio-cell-parts
Central vacuole	Large water-filled sac in plant cells that gives support		bio-cell-parts
Lysosome	Contains enzymes that break down waste and old parts		bio-cell-parts
Vesicle	Small sac that moves materials inside the cell		bio-cell-parts
Cytoskeleton	Network of fibers that gives shape and helps movement		bio-cell-parts
Centriole	Helps organize cell division in animal cells		bio-cell-parts
Flagellum	Whip-like tail that helps a cell swim		bio-cell-parts
Cilia	Short hair-like structures that move fluid or the cell		bio-cell-parts
Pseudopod	A temporary arm-like extension, as in amoeba		bio-cell-parts
Plasmid	A small ring of DNA in bacteria		bio-cell-parts
Chromosome	A coiled package of DNA		bio-cell-parts
Chromatin	DNA and proteins in the nucleus when the cell is not dividing		bio-cell-parts
Peroxisome	Breaks down fats and harmful substances like hydrogen peroxide		bio-cell-parts
Thylakoid	Disk-like membranes in chloroplasts where light is captured		bio-cell-parts
Stroma	Fluid inside chloroplasts where sugar is built		bio-cell-parts
Cristae	Folds in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion		bio-cell-parts
Prokaryote	A cell without a nucleus, like bacteria		bio-cell-parts
Eukaryote	A cell with a nucleus and organelles		bio-cell-parts
Do animal cells have cell walls?	No		bio-cell-parts
Do plant cells have chloroplasts?	Yes		bio-cell-parts
Do animal cells have chloroplasts?	No		bio-cell-parts
Organelle	A tiny structure inside a cell with a specific job		bio-cell-parts
Tissue	A group of similar cells working together		bio-cell-parts
Organ	A group of tissues working together		bio-cell-parts
Organ system	A group of organs working together		bio-cell-parts
Organism	A whole living thing		bio-cell-parts
Unicellular	Made of just one cell		bio-cell-parts
Multicellular	Made of many cells		bio-cell-parts
Cell theory: first idea	All living things are made of one or more cells		bio-cell-parts
Cell theory: second idea	The cell is the basic unit of life		bio-cell-parts
Cell theory: third idea	All cells come from other cells		bio-cell-parts
Who first named cells in 1665?	Robert Hooke, looking at cork		bio-cell-parts
Who first saw living microbes with a microscope?	Antonie van Leeuwenhoek		bio-cell-parts
Selectively permeable	Lets some things through the membrane but not others		bio-cell-parts
Phospholipid bilayer	The double layer of fat molecules that makes up a membrane		bio-cell-parts
Diffusion	Particles moving from crowded to less crowded areas		bio-cell-parts
Osmosis	Diffusion of water across a membrane		bio-cell-parts
Active transport	Moving materials across a membrane using energy		bio-cell-parts
Passive transport	Moving materials across a membrane without energy		bio-cell-parts
Endocytosis	The cell takes material in by wrapping the membrane around it		bio-cell-parts
Exocytosis	The cell sends material out in vesicles		bio-cell-parts
Mitosis	Cell division that makes two identical cells		bio-cell-parts
Cytokinesis	The splitting of the cytoplasm at the end of cell division		bio-cell-parts
Meiosis	Cell division that makes sex cells with half the chromosomes		bio-cell-parts
Cell cycle	The life of a cell from one division to the next		bio-cell-parts
Stem cell	A cell that can become many different types of cells		bio-cell-parts
Red blood cell	Carries oxygen in blood and has no nucleus		bio-cell-parts
White blood cell	Helps the body fight germs		bio-cell-parts
Neuron	A nerve cell that carries signals		bio-cell-parts
Guard cells	Pairs of plant cells that open and close stomata		bio-cell-parts