#separator:tab #html:false #tags column:4 Microorganism A living thing too small to see without a microscope bio-microbes Bacteria Single-celled organisms with no nucleus; some are helpful, some cause disease bio-microbes Virus A tiny particle that needs a host cell to reproduce bio-microbes Is a virus alive? Scientists usually say no; it cannot reproduce on its own bio-microbes Fungus An organism that absorbs nutrients, like mold or yeast bio-microbes Yeast A single-celled fungus used in baking bio-microbes Mold A fuzzy fungus that grows on food and damp places bio-microbes Mushroom The fruiting body of some fungi bio-microbes Protist A mostly single-celled eukaryote, like an amoeba bio-microbes Amoeba A protist that moves with pseudopods bio-microbes Paramecium A slipper-shaped protist covered in cilia bio-microbes Euglena A protist that can make food and swim with a flagellum bio-microbes Algae Simple organisms that make food from sunlight, found in water bio-microbes Plankton Tiny organisms that drift in water bio-microbes Phytoplankton Plant-like plankton that make food from sunlight bio-microbes Zooplankton Animal-like plankton bio-microbes Pathogen A germ that causes disease bio-microbes Infection When germs enter the body and multiply bio-microbes Antibiotic Medicine that kills bacteria bio-microbes Do antibiotics work on viruses? No bio-microbes Vaccine Prepares the body to fight a specific germ bio-microbes Antibody A protein the body makes to attack a germ bio-microbes Immunity The body's ability to resist a disease bio-microbes Contagious Able to spread from one person to another bio-microbes Quarantine Keeping sick people apart to stop disease from spreading bio-microbes Sterilize Kill all microbes on an object bio-microbes Pasteurization Heating a food to kill harmful germs bio-microbes Who developed pasteurization and early vaccines? Louis Pasteur bio-microbes Who discovered penicillin in 1928? Alexander Fleming bio-microbes Who first built a smallpox vaccine in 1796? Edward Jenner bio-microbes Germ theory The idea that microbes cause many diseases bio-microbes Fermentation Microbes turning sugars into other substances, as in bread and yogurt bio-microbes Probiotic Helpful bacteria that live in the gut and some foods bio-microbes Gut bacteria Helpful microbes in the intestines that help digest food bio-microbes Decomposers Microbes and fungi that break down dead things bio-microbes Binary fission How bacteria reproduce by splitting in two bio-microbes Capsid The protein coat of a virus bio-microbes Host An organism a germ or parasite lives in or on bio-microbes Parasite An organism that lives on or in another and harms it bio-microbes Tapeworm A parasite that lives in intestines bio-microbes Tick A tiny arachnid that can carry germs bio-microbes Mosquito-borne disease: malaria Caused by a parasite spread by mosquitoes bio-microbes Strep throat An illness caused by bacteria bio-microbes Common cold An illness caused by viruses bio-microbes Influenza The flu, caused by a virus bio-microbes Athlete's foot A skin infection caused by a fungus bio-microbes Why wash hands? Soap lifts germs off the skin so they rinse away bio-microbes How should you cover a cough? Into your elbow or a tissue bio-microbes Petri dish Dish used to grow microbes in labs bio-microbes Agar Jelly-like food used to grow microbes in a dish bio-microbes Colony A visible group of microbes grown from one cell bio-microbes Spirillum A spiral-shaped bacterium bio-microbes Bacillus A rod-shaped bacterium bio-microbes Coccus A round bacterium bio-microbes Lichen A partnership between a fungus and an alga bio-microbes Mycorrhiza A partnership between fungus and plant roots bio-microbes Penicillium A mold that gave us the first antibiotic bio-microbes Flagellum on bacteria A whip-like tail used to swim bio-microbes Spore A tough cell that survives bad conditions and can grow later bio-microbes Endospore A hardy dormant form made by some bacteria bio-microbes Epidemic A disease that spreads quickly in a community bio-microbes Pandemic A disease that spreads across many countries bio-microbes