[{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-abbreviations","id":"la-abbreviations","title":"Common Abbreviations","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"Short forms of words and what they stand for.","tags":["abbreviations","writing"],"frontLabel":"Abbreviation","backLabel":"Full form","cards":[["Mr.","Mister"],["Mrs.","A title for a married woman"],["Ms.","A title for any woman"],["Dr.","Doctor"],["Jr.","Junior"],["Sr.","Senior"],["St.","Street or Saint"],["Ave.","Avenue"],["Blvd.","Boulevard"],["Rd.","Road"],["Ct.","Court"],["Ln.","Lane"],["Dr. (address)","Drive"],["Apt.","Apartment"],["Mt.","Mount or Mountain"],["Mon.","Monday"],["Tues.","Tuesday"],["Wed.","Wednesday"],["Thurs.","Thursday"],["Fri.","Friday"],["Sat.","Saturday"],["Sun.","Sunday"],["Jan.","January"],["Feb.","February"],["Mar.","March"],["Apr.","April"],["Aug.","August"],["Sept.","September"],["Oct.","October"],["Nov.","November"],["Dec.","December"],["a.m.","Before noon (ante meridiem)"],["p.m.","After noon (post meridiem)"],["etc.","And so on (et cetera)"],["e.g.","For example (exempli gratia)"],["i.e.","That is (id est)"],["vs.","Versus"],["approx.","Approximately"],["min.","Minute or minimum"],["max.","Maximum"],["sec.","Second"],["hr.","Hour"],["lb.","Pound"],["oz.","Ounce"],["ft.","Foot or feet"],["in.","Inch"],["yd.","Yard"],["mi.","Mile"],["tsp.","Teaspoon"],["tbsp.","Tablespoon"],["pt.","Pint"],["qt.","Quart"],["gal.","Gallon"],["km","Kilometer"],["cm","Centimeter"],["mm","Millimeter"],["kg","Kilogram"],["mL","Milliliter"],["L","Liter"],["USA","United States of America"],["U.S.","United States"],["U.K.","United Kingdom"],["UN","United Nations"],["NASA","National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],["ZIP","Zone Improvement Plan"],["PS","Postscript"],["RSVP","Please reply (repondez s'il vous plait)"],["ASAP","As soon as possible"],["DIY","Do it yourself"],["FAQ","Frequently asked questions"],["TV","Television"],["CD","Compact disc"],["DVD","Digital versatile disc"],["PC","Personal computer"],["ID","Identification"],["IQ","Intelligence quotient"],["PTA","Parent-Teacher Association"],["CEO","Chief executive officer"],["Inc.","Incorporated"],["Co.","Company"],["Corp.","Corporation"],["Ltd.","Limited"],["Dept.","Department"],["Gov.","Governor"],["Pres.","President"],["Sen.","Senator"],["Rep.","Representative"],["Prof.","Professor"],["Capt.","Captain"],["Gen.","General"],["Lt.","Lieutenant"],["Sgt.","Sergeant"],["Rev.","Reverend"],["est.","Established or estimated"],["cf.","Compare (confer)"],["ibid.","In the same place (in the same source)"],["c. or ca.","About (circa), used for dates"],["B.C.","Before Christ"],["A.D.","Anno Domini, in the year of the Lord"],["B.C.E.","Before Common Era"],["C.E.","Common Era"],["N","North"],["S","South"],["E","East"],["W","West"],["NE","Northeast"],["SW","Southwest"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-antonyms-advanced","id":"la-antonyms-advanced","title":"Antonyms: Advanced Opposites","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8","9-12"],"description":"Harder word pairs with opposite meanings.","tags":["antonyms","vocabulary"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Opposite","cards":[["abundant","scarce"],["accept","reject"],["advance","retreat"],["ancient","modern"],["arrogant","humble"],["artificial","natural"],["benefit","harm"],["brief","lengthy"],["bold","timid"],["calm","agitated"],["cautious","reckless"],["clarity","confusion"],["conceal","reveal"],["courage","cowardice"],["create","destroy"],["deficit","surplus"],["diligent","lazy"],["discourage","encourage"],["distant","near"],["dull","vivid"],["elevate","lower"],["eternal","temporary"],["expand","contract"],["fragile","sturdy"],["frequent","rare"],["generous","stingy"],["genuine","fake"],["gloomy","cheerful"],["hostile","friendly"],["humble","proud"],["ignorant","knowledgeable"],["include","exclude"],["innocent","guilty"],["joy","sorrow"],["lenient","strict"],["majority","minority"],["maximum","minimum"],["mature","immature"],["optimist","pessimist"],["permanent","temporary"],["prosper","fail"],["rapid","gradual"],["reluctant","eager"],["scarce","plentiful"],["sincere","insincere"],["superior","inferior"],["tranquil","chaotic"],["transparent","opaque"],["vacant","occupied"],["victory","defeat"],["voluntary","compulsory"],["wisdom","foolishness"],["zenith","nadir"],["ascend","descend"],["captivity","freedom"],["lengthen","shorten"],["vague","precise"],["visible","invisible"],["success","failure"],["tolerate","forbid"],["thrifty","wasteful"],["rigid","flexible"],["public","private"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-antonyms-easy","id":"la-antonyms-easy","title":"Antonyms: Opposites","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["pre-k","k-2","3-5"],"description":"Word pairs with opposite meanings.","tags":["antonyms","opposites","vocabulary"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Opposite","cards":[["hot","cold"],["up","down"],["in","out"],["big","small"],["fast","slow"],["happy","sad"],["day","night"],["open","closed"],["wet","dry"],["full","empty"],["young","old"],["tall","short"],["hard","soft"],["loud","quiet"],["light","dark"],["good","bad"],["clean","dirty"],["thick","thin"],["top","bottom"],["front","back"],["near","far"],["begin","end"],["start","stop"],["push","pull"],["laugh","cry"],["right","left"],["yes","no"],["win","lose"],["come","go"],["buy","sell"],["love","hate"],["give","take"],["sit","stand"],["before","after"],["awake","asleep"],["rich","poor"],["strong","weak"],["heavy","light"],["early","late"],["smooth","rough"],["below","above"],["inside","outside"],["first","last"],["always","never"],["easy","difficult"],["wide","narrow"],["stay","leave"],["find","lose"],["true","false"],["smile","frown"],["brave","cowardly"],["sweet","sour"],["simple","complicated"],["tight","loose"],["cheap","expensive"],["new","old"],["arrive","depart"],["remember","forget"],["accept","refuse"],["add","subtract"],["float","sink"],["whisper","shout"],["polite","rude"],["careful","careless"],["safe","dangerous"],["ancient","modern"],["captive","free"],["guilty","innocent"],["mend","break"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-capitalization-rules","id":"la-capitalization-rules","title":"Capitalization Rules","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"When to use capital letters, with examples.","tags":["capitalization","writing","grammar"],"frontLabel":"Rule","backLabel":"Example","cards":[["First word of a sentence","The dog ran home."],["The word I","Today I read a book."],["Names of people","Maria, Mr. Lee"],["Titles before names","Dr. Brown, Queen Elizabeth"],["Family names used as names","Thank you, Mom (but my mom)"],["Names of pets","Rex, Whiskers"],["Days of the week","Monday, Friday"],["Months","March, December"],["Holidays","Thanksgiving, Fourth of July"],["Seasons","Not capitalized: spring, winter"],["Cities","Chicago, Tokyo"],["States","Texas, Ohio"],["Countries","Brazil, Japan"],["Continents","Africa, Asia"],["Oceans","Pacific Ocean"],["Rivers","Mississippi River"],["Mountains","Mount Everest"],["Streets","Maple Street"],["Planets","Mars, Jupiter"],["Earth","Earth when it is the planet; earth for soil"],["Directions as places","The South is warm (but go south)"],["Languages","Spanish, English"],["Nationalities","American, Mexican"],["Names of schools","Lincoln Elementary"],["Names of companies","Nike, Apple"],["Titles of books","Charlotte's Web"],["Titles of movies","The Lion King"],["Small words in titles","Not capitalized unless first or last: Lord of the Rings"],["First word of a quotation","She said, \"Come here.\""],["First word in a letter greeting","Dear Aunt Sue"],["First word of a closing","Your friend, Sam"],["Letters of an acronym","NASA, FBI"],["Initials","J.K. Rowling"],["Days and months in abbreviations","Mon., Jan."],["Common nouns","Not capitalized: dog, city, school"],["Sun and moon","Usually lowercase: the sun"],["Names of gods in myths","Zeus, Athena"],["Names of organizations","United Nations"],["Historical events","World War II"],["Documents","Declaration of Independence"],["Brand names","Coca-Cola"],["Names of buildings","Empire State Building"],["Poem lines","Many poems capitalize each line start"],["Proper adjectives","French fries, Roman numerals"],["School subjects","Lowercase unless a language: math, science, but English, French"],["Class names","Capitalize course names: Algebra I"],["Names of the days","Sunday"],["Abbreviations of titles","Mr., Ms., Dr."],["Government bodies","Congress, the Senate"],["Titles of songs","Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star"],["Names of ships","Titanic"],["Regions","the Midwest"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-collective-nouns","id":"la-collective-nouns","title":"Collective Nouns for Animals and Things","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"The special names for groups of animals, people and things.","tags":["collective nouns","animals","nouns"],"frontLabel":"Group of...","backLabel":"Collective noun","cards":[["bees","a swarm or a hive"],["birds","a flock"],["cattle","a herd"],["cats","a clowder"],["dogs","a pack"],["dolphins","a pod"],["ducks","a paddling (on water) or a raft"],["elephants","a herd"],["fish","a school"],["geese","a gaggle (on the ground) or a skein (in flight)"],["giraffes","a tower"],["hippos","a bloat"],["horses","a herd or a team"],["kangaroos","a mob"],["lions","a pride"],["monkeys","a troop"],["owls","a parliament"],["peacocks","an ostentation"],["penguins","a colony or a waddle"],["puppies","a litter"],["kittens","a litter"],["sheep","a flock"],["wolves","a pack"],["whales","a pod"],["zebras","a dazzle"],["ants","a colony"],["butterflies","a flutter"],["frogs","an army"],["foxes","a skulk"],["bears","a sloth"],["rhinos","a crash"],["ravens","an unkindness"],["larks","an exaltation"],["jellyfish","a smack or a bloom"],["sharks","a shiver"],["snakes","a nest"],["turtles","a bale"],["porcupines","a prickle"],["flamingos","a flamboyance"],["parrots","a pandemonium"],["starlings","a murmuration"],["swans","a bevy"],["eagles","a convocation"],["pigs","a drove"],["mice","a mischief"],["rabbits","a colony or a warren"],["squirrels","a scurry"],["badgers","a cete"],["hedgehogs","an array"],["goats","a tribe or a trip"],["turkeys","a rafter"],["cows","a herd"],["singers","a choir"],["musicians","a band or an orchestra"],["students","a class"],["sailors","a crew"],["actors","a cast"],["players","a team"],["soldiers","an army"],["stars","a constellation"],["grapes","a bunch"],["bananas","a hand"],["flowers","a bouquet"],["keys","a ring or a set"],["books","a library or a stack"],["clothes","a wardrobe"],["stairs","a flight"],["ships","a fleet"],["planes","a squadron or a fleet"],["trees","a forest or a grove"],["islands","an archipelago"],["mountains","a range"],["beads","a string"],["cards","a deck"],["paper","a ream"],["people at a show","an audience"],["judges","a panel"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-commonly-confused","id":"la-commonly-confused","title":"Commonly Confused Words","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8","9-12"],"description":"Word pairs that trip writers up, with a quick way to tell them apart.","tags":["commonly confused","usage"],"frontLabel":"Pair","backLabel":"Difference","cards":[["affect / effect","Affect is usually a verb (to influence); effect is usually a noun (a result)"],["accept / except","Accept means to receive; except means leaving out"],["advice / advise","Advice is a noun; advise is a verb"],["all ready / already","All ready means fully prepared; already means by now"],["all together / altogether","All together means as a group; altogether means completely"],["allusion / illusion","An allusion is a reference; an illusion is a false appearance"],["among / between","Among for three or more; between for two"],["amount / number","Amount for what cannot be counted; number for what can"],["beside / besides","Beside means next to; besides means in addition"],["breath / breathe","Breath is a noun; breathe is a verb"],["capital / capitol","Capital is a city or money; capitol is a government building"],["choose / chose","Choose is present; chose is past"],["cloth / clothe","Cloth is a noun; clothe is a verb"],["complement / compliment","Complement completes; compliment praises"],["conscience / conscious","Conscience is your inner sense of right; conscious means awake or aware"],["council / counsel","Council is a group; counsel is advice"],["desert / dessert","Desert is dry land; dessert is a sweet course"],["elicit / illicit","Elicit means draw out; illicit means unlawful"],["eminent / imminent","Eminent means famous; imminent means about to happen"],["farther / further","Farther for distance; further for degree or extent"],["fewer / less","Fewer for countable things; less for amounts"],["good / well","Good is an adjective; well is usually an adverb"],["hear / here","Hear with your ears; here is a place"],["its / it's","Its shows ownership; it's means it is"],["lay / lie","Lay means to place; lie means to rest"],["lead / led","Lead (rhymes with bead) is present; led is past"],["loose / lose","Loose means not tight; lose means to misplace"],["passed / past","Passed is a verb; past is a time or position"],["peace / piece","Peace is calm; piece is a part"],["principal / principle","Principal is a school head or main; principle is a rule"],["quiet / quite","Quiet means silent; quite means very"],["raise / rise","Raise needs an object; rise does not"],["stationary / stationery","Stationary means still; stationery is writing paper"],["than / then","Than compares; then is about time"],["their / there / they're","Ownership; place; they are"],["to / too / two","Toward; also; the number 2"],["weather / whether","Weather is the sky; whether is a choice"],["who's / whose","Who's means who is; whose shows ownership"],["your / you're","Ownership; you are"],["bring / take","Bring comes toward; take goes away"],["borrow / lend","Borrow means to receive; lend means to give"],["can / may","Can is ability; may is permission"],["compose / comprise","Compose means to make up; comprise means to include"],["continuous / continual","Continuous never stops; continual stops and starts"],["disinterested / uninterested","Disinterested means neutral; uninterested means not caring"],["e.g. / i.e.","e.g. means for example; i.e. means that is"],["emigrate / immigrate","Emigrate means leave a country; immigrate means enter a new one"],["ensure / insure","Ensure means make certain; insure relates to insurance"],["formally / formerly","Formally means properly; formerly means before"],["historic / historical","Historic is important in history; historical relates to history"],["imply / infer","Imply is to suggest; infer is to figure out"],["lightning / lightening","Lightning is the flash; lightening is making lighter"],["literally / figuratively","Literally means exactly; figuratively means in a symbolic way"],["precede / proceed","Precede is to come before; proceed is to go forward"],["stake / steak","A stake is a post; a steak is meat"],["than / that","Than compares; that points out"],["weak / week","Not strong; seven days"],["which / witch","Which asks; witch uses magic"],["wander / wonder","Wander means roam; wonder means ask in your mind"],["whole / hole","All; a gap"],["write / right","Compose; correct"],["sight / site / cite","Vision; location; quote a source"],["elude / allude","Elude means escape; allude means refer to"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-contractions","id":"la-contractions","title":"Contractions","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"Two words squeezed into one with an apostrophe.","tags":["contractions","apostrophe","grammar"],"frontLabel":"Contraction","backLabel":"Two words","cards":[["I'm","I am"],["I've","I have"],["I'll","I will"],["I'd","I would or I had"],["you're","you are"],["you've","you have"],["you'll","you will"],["you'd","you would or you had"],["he's","he is or he has"],["he'll","he will"],["he'd","he would or he had"],["she's","she is or she has"],["she'll","she will"],["she'd","she would or she had"],["it's","it is or it has"],["it'll","it will"],["we're","we are"],["we've","we have"],["we'll","we will"],["we'd","we would or we had"],["they're","they are"],["they've","they have"],["they'll","they will"],["they'd","they would or they had"],["that's","that is or that has"],["that'll","that will"],["there's","there is or there has"],["there'll","there will"],["here's","here is"],["what's","what is or what has"],["what'll","what will"],["who's","who is or who has"],["who'll","who will"],["who'd","who would or who had"],["where's","where is"],["when's","when is"],["why's","why is"],["how's","how is"],["let's","let us"],["can't","cannot"],["won't","will not"],["don't","do not"],["doesn't","does not"],["didn't","did not"],["isn't","is not"],["aren't","are not"],["wasn't","was not"],["weren't","were not"],["haven't","have not"],["hasn't","has not"],["hadn't","had not"],["wouldn't","would not"],["shouldn't","should not"],["couldn't","could not"],["mustn't","must not"],["needn't","need not"],["shan't","shall not"],["ain't","A nonstandard form of am not, is not, or are not"],["could've","could have"],["would've","would have"],["should've","should have"],["might've","might have"],["must've","must have"],["o'clock","of the clock"],["ma'am","madam"],["y'all","you all (informal)"],["'twas","it was (old-fashioned)"],["how'd","how did or how would"],["who've","who have"],["there'd","there would or there had"],["everyone's","everyone is"],["somebody's","somebody is"],["nobody's","nobody is"],["what're","what are"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-dolch-grade-1","id":"la-dolch-grade-1","title":"Dolch Sight Words: First Grade","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2"],"description":"The 41 Dolch first-grade sight words, each with a short example sentence.","tags":["sight words","dolch","reading"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Example sentence","cards":[["after","We play after school."],["again","Please sing it again."],["an","I ate an orange."],["any","Do you have any gum?"],["as","He is as tall as Dad."],["ask","Ask your teacher."],["by","The cat sat by the door."],["could","I could see the moon."],["every","Every child got a prize."],["fly","Birds can fly."],["from","A letter came from Gran."],["give","Give me a hug."],["going","We are going home."],["had","She had a red kite."],["has","He has a pet frog."],["her","I gave her a flower."],["him","Tell him the news."],["his","That is his coat."],["how","How are you today?"],["just","I just woke up."],["know","I know the answer."],["let","Let me try."],["live","Fish live in water."],["may","May I have some water?"],["of","I want a cup of milk."],["old","The old tree is tall."],["once","Once, I saw a deer."],["open","Open the door."],["over","The cow jumped over the moon."],["put","Put the toys away."],["round","A ball is round."],["some","I want some juice."],["stop","Stop at the red light."],["take","Take a seat."],["thank","Thank you for the gift."],["them","Give them a snack."],["then","First we eat, then we play."],["think","I think it will rain."],["walk","We walk to school."],["were","They were happy."],["when","When will we go?"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-dolch-grade-2","id":"la-dolch-grade-2","title":"Dolch Sight Words: Second Grade","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2"],"description":"The 46 Dolch second-grade sight words, each with a short example sentence.","tags":["sight words","dolch","reading"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Example sentence","cards":[["always","I always brush my teeth."],["around","We walked around the pond."],["because","I smiled because I was happy."],["been","I have been to the zoo."],["before","Wash up before dinner."],["best","She is my best friend."],["both","Both of my hands are cold."],["buy","I will buy some milk."],["call","Call me tonight."],["cold","The ice is cold."],["does","Does he like fish?"],["don't","Don't touch the stove."],["fast","A cheetah runs fast."],["first","I am first in line."],["five","I have five fingers."],["found","I found a coin."],["gave","Dad gave me a hug."],["goes","The bus goes by at eight."],["green","Grass is green."],["its","The dog wagged its tail."],["made","Mom made soup."],["many","Many birds sang."],["off","Turn off the light."],["or","Do you want milk or juice?"],["pull","Pull the wagon."],["read","I read a book every night."],["right","Turn right at the corner."],["sing","Let us sing a song."],["sit","Please sit on the rug."],["sleep","I sleep at night."],["tell","Tell me a story."],["their","The kids put on their coats."],["these","These shoes are mine."],["those","Those clouds are dark."],["upon","Once upon a time, there was a king."],["us","Come with us."],["use","Use a pencil."],["very","The soup is very hot."],["wash","Wash your hands."],["which","Which hat is yours?"],["why","Why is the sky blue?"],["wish","I wish for a pony."],["work","Dad goes to work."],["would","Would you like some tea?"],["write","Write your name here."],["your","Is this your coat?"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-dolch-grade-3","id":"la-dolch-grade-3","title":"Dolch Sight Words: Third Grade","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"The 41 Dolch third-grade sight words, each with a short example sentence.","tags":["sight words","dolch","reading"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Example sentence","cards":[["about","The book is about a whale."],["better","I feel better today."],["bring","Bring your lunch."],["carry","Can you carry this bag?"],["clean","Please clean your room."],["cut","Cut the paper with scissors."],["done","I am done with my work."],["draw","I like to draw horses."],["drink","Drink some water."],["eight","A spider has eight legs."],["fall","Leaves fall in autumn."],["far","The farm is far from here."],["full","The cup is full."],["got","I got a new puzzle."],["grow","Seeds grow into plants."],["hold","Hold my hand."],["hot","The soup is hot."],["hurt","I hurt my knee."],["if","If it rains, we stay in."],["keep","Keep the door shut."],["kind","Be kind to others."],["laugh","The joke made me laugh."],["light","Turn on the light."],["long","The snake is long."],["much","Thank you very much."],["myself","I tied my shoes myself."],["never","I never miss a day of school."],["only","I have only one pencil."],["own","I have my own room."],["pick","Pick a card."],["seven","A week has seven days."],["shall","Shall we dance?"],["show","Show me your drawing."],["six","There are six eggs."],["small","A mouse is small."],["start","The race will start soon."],["ten","I counted to ten."],["today","Today is Friday."],["together","We played together."],["try","Try your best."],["warm","The blanket is warm."]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-dolch-nouns","id":"la-dolch-nouns","title":"Dolch Sight Nouns","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["pre-k","k-2"],"description":"The 95 Dolch nouns, each with a short example sentence.","tags":["sight words","dolch","nouns"],"frontLabel":"Noun","backLabel":"Example sentence","cards":[["apple","I ate a red apple."],["baby","The baby is sleeping."],["back","My back itches."],["ball","Kick the ball to me."],["bear","A bear lives in the woods."],["bed","I sleep in my bed."],["bell","The bell rang."],["bird","A bird sang in the tree."],["birthday","Today is my birthday."],["boat","The boat sailed away."],["box","The box is empty."],["boy","The boy kicked the ball."],["bread","I had bread and jam."],["brother","My brother is tall."],["cake","We ate birthday cake."],["car","Dad drives a car."],["cat","The cat chased a mouse."],["chair","Sit in the chair."],["chicken","The chicken laid an egg."],["children","The children sang."],["Christmas","We sing songs at Christmas."],["coat","Wear your coat."],["corn","We grew sweet corn."],["cow","The cow gave milk."],["day","It is a sunny day."],["dog","The dog wagged its tail."],["doll","She hugged her doll."],["door","Close the door."],["duck","A duck swam by."],["egg","I had an egg for breakfast."],["eye","I closed one eye."],["farmer","The farmer fed the pigs."],["father","My father reads to me."],["feet","My feet are cold."],["fire","The fire is warm."],["fish","A fish swims in the pond."],["floor","The floor is clean."],["flower","I picked a flower."],["game","Let us play a game."],["garden","We planted a garden."],["girl","The girl rode her bike."],["goodbye","Wave goodbye."],["grass","The grass is green."],["ground","Seeds go in the ground."],["hand","Raise your hand."],["head","Put a hat on your head."],["hill","We climbed the hill."],["home","I go home at three."],["horse","The horse can gallop."],["house","We live in a house."],["kitty","The kitty purred."],["leg","A table has four legs."],["letter","I wrote a letter."],["man","The man waved."],["men","The men fixed the road."],["milk","I drink milk."],["money","I saved my money."],["morning","Good morning!"],["mother","My mother sings."],["name","What is your name?"],["nest","The bird built a nest."],["night","The stars come out at night."],["paper","I drew on paper."],["party","We had a party."],["picture","I drew a picture."],["pig","The pig rolled in mud."],["rabbit","A rabbit hopped by."],["rain","The rain is falling."],["ring","She wore a ring."],["robin","A robin ate a worm."],["Santa Claus","Santa Claus has a red suit."],["school","I go to school."],["seed","Plant a seed."],["sheep","The sheep eat grass."],["shoe","I lost my shoe."],["sister","My sister is funny."],["snow","We played in the snow."],["song","Sing a song."],["squirrel","A squirrel hid a nut."],["stick","The dog fetched a stick."],["street","Look both ways on the street."],["sun","The sun is bright."],["table","Set the table."],["thing","What is that thing?"],["time","What time is it?"],["top","He climbed to the top."],["toy","I put away my toy."],["tree","The tree has green leaves."],["watch","My watch tells time."],["water","I need a glass of water."],["way","Which way is home?"],["wind","The wind blew my hat."],["window","Look out the window."],["wood","The table is made of wood."]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-dolch-pre-primer","id":"la-dolch-pre-primer","title":"Dolch Sight Words: Pre-Primer","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["pre-k","k-2"],"description":"The 40 Dolch pre-primer sight words, each with a short example sentence.","tags":["sight words","dolch","reading"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Example sentence","cards":[["a","I see a cat."],["and","Mom and Dad came."],["away","The bird flew away."],["big","A big dog barked."],["blue","The sky is blue."],["can","I can hop."],["come","Come to my house."],["down","Sit down, please."],["find","Can you find my hat?"],["for","This gift is for you."],["funny","The clown is funny."],["go","Let us go to the park."],["help","Please help me."],["here","Put the book here."],["I","I like to read."],["in","The cat is in the box."],["is","The sun is hot."],["it","I like it."],["jump","Frogs can jump."],["little","A little ant crawled by."],["look","Look at the bird."],["make","Let us make a cake."],["me","Come play with me."],["my","This is my bike."],["not","I am not sad."],["one","I have one apple."],["play","We play ball."],["red","The apple is red."],["run","I can run fast."],["said","Mom said hello."],["see","I see a star."],["the","The dog is brown."],["three","I have three toys."],["to","We go to school."],["two","I have two eyes."],["up","Look up at the sky."],["we","We can sing."],["where","Where is my shoe?"],["yellow","The duck is yellow."],["you","I like you."]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-dolch-primer","id":"la-dolch-primer","title":"Dolch Sight Words: Primer","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["pre-k","k-2"],"description":"The 52 Dolch primer sight words, each with a short example sentence.","tags":["sight words","dolch","reading"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Example sentence","cards":[["all","We all sat down."],["am","I am six years old."],["are","You are my friend."],["at","Look at the moon."],["ate","The bear ate honey."],["be","I want to be a nurse."],["black","A black cat sat there."],["brown","The bear is brown."],["but","I am small, but I am strong."],["came","The bus came at noon."],["did","Did you see the bird?"],["do","What do you like?"],["eat","We eat lunch at noon."],["four","A table has four legs."],["get","Get your coat."],["good","You did a good job."],["have","I have a new pen."],["he","He is my brother."],["into","The fish jumped into the pond."],["like","I like pizza."],["must","You must wash your hands."],["new","I got new shoes."],["no","No, thank you."],["now","Come here now."],["on","The cup is on the table."],["our","This is our house."],["out","The dog ran out."],["please","Please pass the salt."],["pretty","The flower is pretty."],["ran","The boy ran home."],["ride","We ride the bus."],["saw","I saw a rainbow."],["say","Say your name."],["she","She is my sister."],["so","I am so happy."],["soon","Dinner will be ready soon."],["that","I like that book."],["there","The book is over there."],["they","They went to the zoo."],["this","This is my seat."],["too","I want to come too."],["under","The cat is under the bed."],["want","I want a cookie."],["was","It was a sunny day."],["well","She sings very well."],["went","We went to the lake."],["what","What is that?"],["white","Snow is white."],["who","Who is at the door?"],["will","I will help you."],["with","Come with me."],["yes","Yes, I can."]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-famous-authors-works","id":"la-famous-authors-works","title":"Famous Authors and Their Best-Known Works","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8","9-12"],"description":"Match writers from many times and places to books they are known for.","tags":["authors","literature","books"],"frontLabel":"Author","backLabel":"Best-known works","cards":[["William Shakespeare","Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, A Midsummer Night's Dream"],["Jane Austen","Pride and Prejudice, Emma"],["Charles Dickens","A Christmas Carol, Oliver Twist, Great Expectations"],["Mark Twain","The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn"],["Louisa May Alcott","Little Women"],["Lewis Carroll","Alice's Adventures in Wonderland"],["L. Frank Baum","The Wonderful Wizard of Oz"],["Robert Louis Stevenson","Treasure Island, Kidnapped"],["J.M. Barrie","Peter Pan"],["Kenneth Grahame","The Wind in the Willows"],["Beatrix Potter","The Tale of Peter Rabbit"],["A.A. Milne","Winnie-the-Pooh"],["Rudyard Kipling","The Jungle Book, Just So Stories"],["Roald Dahl","Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Matilda, The BFG"],["Dr. Seuss","The Cat in the Hat, Green Eggs and Ham, Horton Hears a Who"],["E.B. White","Charlotte's Web, Stuart Little"],["Laura Ingalls Wilder","Little House on the Prairie"],["Beverly Cleary","Ramona Quimby books, Henry Huggins"],["Judy Blume","Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing, Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret"],["C.S. Lewis","The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (Chronicles of Narnia)"],["J.R.R. Tolkien","The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings"],["J.K. Rowling","Harry Potter series"],["Madeleine L'Engle","A Wrinkle in Time"],["Lois Lowry","The Giver, Number the Stars"],["Katherine Paterson","Bridge to Terabithia"],["Gary Paulsen","Hatchet"],["Suzanne Collins","The Hunger Games"],["Rick Riordan","Percy Jackson and the Olympians"],["Jeff Kinney","Diary of a Wimpy Kid"],["Dav Pilkey","Dog Man, Captain Underpants"],["Eric Carle","The Very Hungry Caterpillar"],["Maurice Sendak","Where the Wild Things Are"],["Shel Silverstein","The Giving Tree, Where the Sidewalk Ends"],["Margaret Wise Brown","Goodnight Moon"],["Judith Viorst","Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day"],["Kate DiCamillo","Because of Winn-Dixie, The Tale of Despereaux"],["Sharon Creech","Walk Two Moons"],["Louis Sachar","Holes"],["Lemony Snicket","A Series of Unfortunate Events"],["Ernest Hemingway","The Old Man and the Sea"],["F. Scott Fitzgerald","The Great Gatsby"],["Harper Lee","To Kill a Mockingbird"],["John Steinbeck","The Grapes of Wrath, Of Mice and Men"],["George Orwell","Animal Farm, 1984"],["Aldous Huxley","Brave New World"],["J.D. Salinger","The Catcher in the Rye"],["Herman Melville","Moby-Dick"],["Nathaniel Hawthorne","The Scarlet Letter"],["Edgar Allan Poe","The Raven, The Tell-Tale Heart"],["Emily Dickinson","Poems such as \"Because I could not stop for Death\""],["Robert Frost","The Road Not Taken, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"],["Walt Whitman","Leaves of Grass"],["Langston Hughes","The Negro Speaks of Rivers, Dreams"],["Maya Angelou","I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings"],["Toni Morrison","Beloved"],["Jules Verne","Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, Around the World in Eighty Days"],["H.G. Wells","The Time Machine, The War of the Worlds"],["Mary Shelley","Frankenstein"],["Bram Stoker","Dracula"],["Charlotte Bronte","Jane Eyre"],["Emily Bronte","Wuthering Heights"],["Arthur Conan Doyle","Sherlock Holmes stories"],["Agatha Christie","Murder on the Orient Express"],["Leo Tolstoy","War and Peace, Anna Karenina"],["Fyodor Dostoevsky","Crime and Punishment, The Brothers Karamazov"],["Victor Hugo","Les Miserables, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame"],["Alexandre Dumas","The Three Musketeers, The Count of Monte Cristo"],["Miguel de Cervantes","Don Quixote"],["Homer","The Iliad and The Odyssey"],["Dante Alighieri","The Divine Comedy"],["Geoffrey Chaucer","The Canterbury Tales"],["John Milton","Paradise Lost"],["Gabriel Garcia Marquez","One Hundred Years of Solitude"],["Chinua Achebe","Things Fall Apart"],["Hans Christian Andersen","The Little Mermaid, The Ugly Duckling"],["The Brothers Grimm","Hansel and Gretel, Cinderella, Snow White"],["Aesop","Fables such as The Tortoise and the Hare"],["Jack London","The Call of the Wild, White Fang"],["Frances Hodgson Burnett","The Secret Garden, A Little Princess"],["Johanna Spyri","Heidi"],["Astrid Lindgren","Pippi Longstocking"],["Antoine de Saint-Exupery","The Little Prince"],["Natalie Babbitt","Tuck Everlasting"],["Scott O'Dell","Island of the Blue Dolphins"],["Mildred D. Taylor","Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry"],["Walter Dean Myers","Monster, Fallen Angels"],["Jerry Spinelli","Maniac Magee, Stargirl"],["R.J. Palacio","Wonder"],["Jacqueline Woodson","Brown Girl Dreaming"],["Neil Gaiman","Coraline, The Graveyard Book"],["Cressida Cowell","How to Train Your Dragon"],["Mo Willems","Don't Let the Pigeon Drive the Bus!"],["Arnold Lobel","Frog and Toad Are Friends"],["Chris Van Allsburg","The Polar Express, Jumanji"],["Tomie dePaola","Strega Nona"],["Ezra Jack Keats","The Snowy Day"],["Virginia Hamilton","M.C. Higgins, the Great"],["Elizabeth George Speare","The Witch of Blackbird Pond"],["Ray Bradbury","Fahrenheit 451"],["Isaac Asimov","I, Robot, Foundation"],["William Golding","Lord of the Flies"],["Anne Frank","The Diary of a Young Girl"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-figurative-language","id":"la-figurative-language","title":"Figurative Language Terms","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8","9-12"],"description":"The tools writers use to say more than the literal meaning.","tags":["figurative language","literary devices"],"frontLabel":"Term","backLabel":"Definition and example","cards":[["simile","A comparison using like or as: fast as lightning"],["metaphor","A comparison saying one thing is another: time is a thief"],["personification","Giving human traits to non-human things: the wind whispered"],["hyperbole","Extreme exaggeration: I have a million things to do"],["idiom","A phrase with a meaning different from its words: break the ice"],["onomatopoeia","A word that sounds like its meaning: buzz, boom"],["alliteration","Repeating a starting consonant sound: Peter Piper picked"],["assonance","Repeating vowel sounds inside words: the rain in Spain"],["consonance","Repeating consonant sounds inside or at the end: pitter-patter"],["imagery","Words that appeal to the senses: the sweet smell of bread"],["symbolism","Using an object to stand for an idea: a dove for peace"],["irony","When the opposite of what you expect happens or is said"],["verbal irony","Saying the opposite of what you mean: Lovely weather! (in a storm)"],["situational irony","When the outcome is the reverse of what was expected"],["dramatic irony","When the audience knows something the characters do not"],["oxymoron","Two opposite words together: deafening silence"],["paradox","A statement that seems false but contains truth: less is more"],["allusion","A reference to a well-known person, event or work"],["pun","A joke using a word with two meanings or similar sounds"],["understatement","Making something seem less important than it is"],["euphemism","A gentle word for something unpleasant: passed away"],["cliché","An overused phrase: only time will tell"],["foreshadowing","Hints about what will happen later"],["flashback","A scene that goes back to an earlier time"],["analogy","A comparison to explain or clarify an idea"],["anaphora","Repeating words at the start of lines or sentences"],["apostrophe","Speaking to someone absent or a thing: O Death, be not proud"],["juxtaposition","Placing two things side by side for contrast"],["metonymy","Naming something by something linked to it: the crown for the king"],["synecdoche","A part standing for the whole: all hands on deck"],["tone","The writer's attitude toward the subject"],["mood","The feeling a reader gets from a text"],["repetition","Using the same word or phrase for emphasis"],["hyperbaton","Changing normal word order for effect"],["antithesis","Putting opposite ideas in balanced phrases: to err is human; to forgive, divine"],["chiasmus","Reversing the order of words in two phrases: ask not what your country can do for you"],["rhetorical question","A question asked for effect, not for an answer"],["sarcasm","Saying the opposite of what you mean to mock or tease"],["satire","Using humor to point out foolishness in society"],["parody","A funny imitation of a work"],["colloquialism","Informal everyday language"],["dialect","A way of speaking particular to a region or group"],["connotation","The feelings a word suggests beyond its dictionary meaning"],["denotation","The dictionary meaning of a word"],["literal language","Words that mean exactly what they say"],["figurative language","Words used in a way that goes beyond the literal meaning"],["mixed metaphor","Combining two metaphors in a confusing way"],["extended metaphor","A metaphor carried through many lines"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-fry-first-100","id":"la-fry-first-100","title":"Fry Sight Words: First 100","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2"],"description":"The first 100 Fry instant words, the most common words in English, each with a short sentence.","tags":["sight words","fry","reading"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Example sentence","cards":[["the","The sun is up."],["of","A cup of tea is hot."],["and","Salt and pepper are on the table."],["a","I saw a bird."],["to","We walk to school."],["in","The fish swim in the pond."],["is","The soup is warm."],["you","Thank you for the gift."],["that","I like that song."],["it","It is time to eat."],["he","He plays the drums."],["was","The movie was fun."],["for","This card is for you."],["on","The book is on the desk."],["are","The apples are red."],["as","She runs as fast as a deer."],["with","I walk with my dog."],["his","He lost his hat."],["they","They went to the park."],["I","I love to draw."],["at","We met at the gate."],["be","Be kind to others."],["this","This pen is new."],["have","I have two cats."],["from","The gift is from Grandma."],["or","Do you like tea or milk?"],["one","I ate one grape."],["had","We had a picnic."],["by","The cat sat by the window."],["word","I learned a new word."],["but","I tried, but it was hard."],["not","Do not run in the hall."],["what","What is your name?"],["all","We all clapped."],["were","They were tired."],["we","We like to swim."],["when","When does the show start?"],["your","Is this your scarf?"],["can","I can tie my shoes."],["said","He said it was fun."],["there","Put it over there."],["use","Use a spoon for soup."],["an","I saw an owl."],["each","Each child got a seat."],["which","Which door is open?"],["she","She reads every day."],["do","I do my best."],["how","How did you do that?"],["their","The kids hung up their coats."],["if","If you knock, I will open."],["will","It will rain soon."],["up","The balloon floated up."],["other","Where is the other sock?"],["about","Tell me about your day."],["out","Let the cat out."],["many","Many stars shone."],["then","Wash your hands, then eat."],["them","I gave them some seeds."],["these","These cookies are warm."],["so","I was so tired."],["some","I want some water."],["her","I gave her a card."],["would","I would like a snack."],["make","Let us make a boat."],["like","I like apples."],["him","I saw him at school."],["into","The frog hopped into the pond."],["time","It is time for bed."],["has","She has a new bike."],["look","Look at the moon."],["two","I have two sisters."],["more","May I have more rice?"],["write","Write your name here."],["go","We go to the lake."],["see","I can see the stars."],["number","Pick a number."],["no","There is no milk left."],["way","This is the way home."],["could","I could hear a drum."],["people","Many people came."],["my","My bag is blue."],["than","A lion is bigger than a cat."],["first","I came in first."],["water","Water is wet."],["been","I have been to the beach."],["call","Call me later."],["who","Who is that?"],["oil","Oil is slippery."],["its","The bird flapped its wings."],["now","Come here now."],["find","Find the lost key."],["long","The river is long."],["down","Climb down the ladder."],["day","Today is a great day."],["did","Did you eat?"],["get","Get your book."],["come","Come and see."],["made","Dad made a cake."],["may","May I go out?"],["part","This is my favorite part."]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-fry-second-100","id":"la-fry-second-100","title":"Fry Sight Words: Second 100","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"Fry instant words 101 to 200, each with a short sentence.","tags":["sight words","fry","reading"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Example sentence","cards":[["over","The plane flew over us."],["new","I got a new coat."],["sound","A bell makes a loud sound."],["take","Take a deep breath."],["only","Only one seat is left."],["little","The little pup yawned."],["work","We work as a team."],["know","I know the way."],["place","This is my favorite place."],["year","A year has twelve months."],["live","Frogs live near ponds."],["me","Come sit by me."],["back","Come back soon."],["give","Give the dog a bone."],["most","Most birds can fly."],["very","The cake is very sweet."],["after","We swim after lunch."],["thing","That thing is heavy."],["our","Our class has a pet."],["just","I just got here."],["name","Write your name."],["good","This pie is good."],["sentence","A sentence ends with a period."],["man","The man tipped his hat."],["think","I think you are right."],["say","Say it again."],["great","What a great idea!"],["where","Where do you live?"],["help","Help me carry this."],["through","We walked through the woods."],["much","How much is it?"],["before","Brush your teeth before bed."],["line","Stand in line."],["right","Turn right here."],["too","I am hungry too."],["mean","What does this word mean?"],["old","My grandfather is old and wise."],["any","Do you have any pets?"],["same","We have the same shirt."],["tell","Tell me a secret."],["boy","The boy waved."],["follow","Follow the leader."],["came","The train came in."],["want","I want to learn."],["show","Show us your trick."],["also","I like cats and also dogs."],["around","Spin around."],["form","We formed a line."],["three","There are three bears."],["small","A pebble is small."],["set","Set the table."],["put","Put the cup down."],["end","This is the end of the book."],["does","Does the bus stop here?"],["another","I want another turn."],["well","You did well."],["large","An elephant is large."],["must","We must be on time."],["big","A big wave rolled in."],["even","Even a small step helps."],["such","It was such a nice day."],["because","I smiled because it was fun."],["turn","It is my turn."],["here","Come over here."],["why","Why is the grass wet?"],["ask","Ask a question."],["went","We went to the museum."],["men","The men built a wall."],["read","Read me a story."],["need","Plants need light."],["land","The boat reached land."],["different","A cat and a dog are different."],["home","Home is where we eat dinner."],["us","Come with us."],["move","Move your chair closer."],["try","Try a new food."],["kind","A kind word helps."],["hand","Hold my hand."],["picture","Draw a picture."],["again","Let us play again."],["change","Leaves change color in fall."],["off","Take your shoes off."],["play","Let us play outside."],["spell","Can you spell your name?"],["air","Birds fly in the air."],["away","The ball rolled away."],["animal","A fox is a wild animal."],["house","Our house is blue."],["point","Point to the star."],["page","Turn the page."],["letter","A is the first letter."],["mother","My mother bakes bread."],["answer","Raise your hand to answer."],["found","I found my glasses."],["study","I study each night."],["still","Stand still."],["learn","Kids learn every day."],["should","You should drink water."],["America","America is a country."],["world","The world is round."],["high","The kite flew high."]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-fry-third-100","id":"la-fry-third-100","title":"Fry Sight Words: Third 100","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"Fry instant words 201 to 300, each with a short sentence.","tags":["sight words","fry","reading"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Example sentence","cards":[["every","Every day I read."],["near","The park is near my house."],["add","Add two and two."],["food","We cook food on a stove."],["between","Sit between us."],["own","I have my own cup."],["below","The cellar is below the kitchen."],["country","Canada is a country."],["plant","Plant the seed in soil."],["last","He was last in line."],["school","School starts at eight."],["father","My father drives a truck."],["keep","Keep your promise."],["tree","An oak is a tall tree."],["never","I never saw a whale."],["start","Start the race."],["city","A big city has tall buildings."],["earth","Earth is our planet."],["eye","I closed one eye."],["light","Turn on the light."],["thought","I thought about you."],["head","Nod your head."],["under","The ball rolled under the couch."],["story","Tell me a story."],["saw","I saw a fox."],["left","Turn left at the school."],["don't","Don't forget your lunch."],["few","A few birds came."],["while","Sing while you work."],["along","Walk along the path."],["might","It might rain."],["close","Close the window."],["something","I heard something."],["seem","You seem happy."],["next","You are next."],["hard","The rock is hard."],["open","Open the box."],["example","Give an example."],["begin","Let us begin."],["life","Life began in the sea long ago."],["always","I always say please."],["those","Those flowers are lovely."],["both","Both doors are shut."],["paper","Fold the paper."],["together","We build together."],["got","I got a letter."],["group","Our group is small."],["often","We often eat outside."],["run","Run to the gate."],["important","Sleep is important."],["until","Wait until noon."],["children","Children love games."],["side","Stand by my side."],["feet","My feet are wet."],["car","The car is red."],["mile","A mile is a long walk."],["night","The moon shines at night."],["walk","We walk to the park."],["white","Clouds are white."],["sea","A ship sails the sea."],["began","The show began."],["grow","Plants grow in spring."],["took","She took a photo."],["river","The river flows to the sea."],["four","Four plus one is five."],["carry","Carry the books."],["state","Texas is a state."],["once","I went once."],["book","Read a book."],["hear","I hear a bell."],["stop","Stop and look."],["without","Do not go without a coat."],["second","I came in second."],["later","See you later."],["miss","I miss my friend."],["idea","I have an idea."],["enough","I have enough food."],["eat","We eat at six."],["watch","Watch the clock."],["far","The moon is far away."],["Indian","The Indian elephant is large."],["real","A real tiger is wild."],["almost","We are almost there."],["let","Let me help."],["above","A bird flew above us."],["girl","The girl smiled."],["sometimes","Sometimes I walk to school."],["mountain","A mountain is very tall."],["cut","Cut the string."],["young","A young pup plays."],["talk","Talk quietly."],["soon","Spring will come soon."],["list","Make a list."],["song","Sing a song."],["being","Being kind feels good."],["leave","Leave at noon."],["family","My family eats dinner at six."],["body","Your body needs rest."],["music","I love music."],["color","What color is the sky?"],["stand","Stand up straight."],["sun","The sun gives light."],["question","Ask a question."],["fish","A fish has fins."],["area","This area is quiet."],["mark","Mark the page."],["dog","The dog barked."],["horse","A horse can gallop."],["birds","Birds build nests."],["problem","Solve the problem."],["complete","Complete the puzzle."],["room","My room is tidy."],["knew","I knew the answer."],["since","I have lived here since May."],["ever","Have you ever seen a whale?"],["piece","Eat a piece of pie."],["told","Dad told a joke."],["usually","I usually walk home."],["friends","Friends share."],["easy","The test was easy."],["heard","I heard a song."],["order","Put them in order."],["red","A red rose bloomed."],["door","Open the door."],["sure","I am sure."],["become","Tadpoles become frogs."],["top","Climb to the top."],["ship","The ship sailed."],["across","Walk across the bridge."],["today","Today is sunny."],["during","Sleep during the night."],["short","A short story is quick to read."],["better","Feel better soon."],["best","This is the best day."],["however","It was cold; however, we played."],["low","Fly low."],["hours","A day has twenty-four hours."],["black","The crow is black."],["products","Farms grow many products."],["happened","What happened?"],["whole","Eat the whole apple."],["measure","Measure the table."],["remember","Remember your keys."],["early","Birds wake early."],["waves","Waves crash on shore."],["reached","We reached the top."]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-grammar-rules","id":"la-grammar-rules","title":"Grammar Rules","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8","9-12"],"description":"Rules for correct sentences, with examples.","tags":["grammar","rules"],"frontLabel":"Rule","backLabel":"Explanation and example","cards":[["Subject-verb agreement","A singular subject takes a singular verb: The dog barks"],["Plural subject","A plural subject takes a plural verb: The dogs bark"],["Compound subjects with and","Take a plural verb: Tom and Sara are here"],["Compound subjects with or","The verb matches the nearer subject: Neither Tom nor the girls are here"],["Collective noun","Usually takes a singular verb: The team is ready"],["Everyone, somebody, each","Indefinite pronouns that take singular verbs: Everyone is here"],["Both, few, many","Take plural verbs: Both are ready"],["I vs. me","Use I as a subject, me as an object: Sam and I went; she gave Sam and me a gift"],["Who vs. whom","Who is the subject; whom is the object: Who called? To whom did you speak?"],["Fewer vs. less","Fewer for things you count, less for amounts: fewer cookies, less milk"],["Between vs. among","Between for two, among for three or more"],["Good vs. well","Good is an adjective, well is an adverb: She sings well"],["Lie vs. lay","Lie means to rest; lay means to place something down"],["Sit vs. set","Sit means to be seated; set means to put something"],["Bring vs. take","Bring toward the speaker; take away from the speaker"],["Its vs. it's","Its shows ownership; it's means it is"],["Your vs. you're","Your shows ownership; you're means you are"],["Their, there, they're","Their shows ownership, there is a place, they're means they are"],["Whose vs. who's","Whose shows ownership; who's means who is"],["Then vs. than","Then is time; than compares"],["Double negatives","Avoid two negatives: I have no apples, not I don't have no apples"],["Pronoun agreement","Pronouns match their antecedents in number"],["Parallel structure","Use the same form in a list: running, jumping and swimming"],["Dangling modifier","A modifier that does not clearly attach to what it describes"],["Misplaced modifier","A modifier placed too far from the word it describes"],["Sentence fragments","Every sentence needs a subject and a verb and a complete thought"],["Run-on sentences","Fix with a period, semicolon, or a comma plus conjunction"],["Verb tense consistency","Keep the same tense unless time changes"],["Active voice","Prefer subject doing the action: Maria wrote the letter"],["Adjectives before nouns","Opinion, size, age, shape, color, origin, material, purpose"],["Comparatives with -er","Short adjectives: taller, faster"],["Comparatives with more","Longer adjectives: more beautiful"],["Superlatives with -est","Short adjectives: tallest, fastest"],["Irregular comparisons","good, better, best; bad, worse, worst"],["A vs. an","Use an before a vowel sound: an hour, a university"],["Adverbs end in -ly","Often, but not always: quickly, but fast"],["Possessive pronouns have no apostrophe","his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs"],["Singular possessive","Add 's: the girl's bike"],["Plural possessive","Add ' after plural s: the girls' bikes"],["Irregular plural possessive","Add 's: the children's toys"],["Prepositions at the end","It is acceptable in plain speech: What are you looking at?"],["Split infinitive","Putting a word between to and the verb: to boldly go; usually fine"],["Capitalizing the first word","Every sentence starts with a capital letter"],["Ending punctuation","Statements end with a period, questions with a question mark"],["Gerund as subject","Takes a singular verb: Swimming is fun"],["Conditional sentences","If it rains, we will stay home"],["Reflexive pronouns","Use only when the subject also receives the action: I hurt myself"],["Redundancy","Avoid saying the same thing twice: not \"very unique\""],["Absolute adjectives","Words like unique, perfect, complete cannot be compared"],["Past participle","Used with have: have gone, not have went"],["Irregular verbs","go, went, gone; see, saw, seen; eat, ate, eaten"],["Subjunctive","Use were for wishes: I wish I were taller"],["Apostrophe in contractions","Shows missing letters: don't = do not"],["Nonrestrictive clause","Extra information set off with commas"],["Restrictive clause","Needed information with no commas"],["Passive voice","Subject receives the action; use when the doer is unknown"],["Pronoun case","Use the case that fits the pronoun's job in the sentence"],["Comparative with than","Use than after comparisons: taller than me"],["Quantity words","Many for count nouns, much for mass nouns: many books, much water"],["Amount vs. number","Amount for things you cannot count, number for things you can"],["Farther vs. further","Farther for distance, further for degree"],["Should have, not should of","Write should have, would have, could have"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-greek-roots","id":"la-greek-roots","title":"Greek Roots","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8","9-12"],"description":"Common Greek word roots with their meanings and example words.","tags":["roots","greek","word parts"],"frontLabel":"Root","backLabel":"Meaning and examples","cards":[["anthropo","Human: anthropology, philanthropy"],["astro","Star: astronomy, astronaut"],["auto","Self: autograph, automatic"],["bio","Life: biology, biography"],["chrono","Time: chronology, synchronize"],["cosmo","World or universe: cosmos, cosmopolitan"],["crat","Rule: democrat, aristocrat"],["cycl","Circle: bicycle, cyclone"],["demo","People: democracy, demographic"],["derm","Skin: dermatology, epidermis"],["dyna","Power: dynamic, dynamite"],["geo","Earth: geography, geology"],["gram","Written: telegram, diagram"],["graph","Write or draw: autograph, photograph"],["hydro","Water: hydrant, dehydrate"],["hyper","Over, beyond: hyperactive"],["hypo","Under: hypothermia, hypodermic"],["log","Word or study: dialogue, biology"],["logo","Word: logo, monologue"],["mega","Great, large: megaphone"],["meter","Measure: thermometer, diameter"],["micro","Small: microscope, microwave"],["mono","One: monologue, monorail"],["morph","Shape: metamorphosis, morph"],["neo","New: neologism, neon"],["nym","Name: synonym, antonym"],["ortho","Straight, correct: orthodontist"],["pan","All: panorama, pandemic"],["path","Feeling or disease: sympathy, pathology"],["phil","Love: philosophy, Philadelphia"],["phobia","Fear: claustrophobia, arachnophobia"],["phon","Sound: telephone, symphony"],["photo","Light: photograph, photosynthesis"],["poly","Many: polygon, polygamy"],["psych","Mind or soul: psychology"],["scope","Look at: telescope, microscope"],["syn","Together: synonym, synthesis"],["tele","Far: telephone, television"],["therm","Heat: thermometer, thermal"],["topo","Place: topography"],["zoo","Animal: zoology, zoo"],["techno","Skill or art: technology, technique"],["arch","Chief or rule: monarchy, architect"],["bibli","Book: bibliography, Bible"],["cardi","Heart: cardiac, cardiology"],["dec","Ten: decade, decagon"],["gen","Birth or kind: genesis, genetics"],["glossa","Tongue or language: glossary"],["hemo","Blood: hemoglobin"],["kine","Movement: kinetic, kinesiology"],["lith","Stone: monolith, lithograph"],["mania","Madness or craze: maniac, kleptomania"],["onym","Name: pseudonym, anonymous"],["pod","Foot: tripod, podiatrist"],["pyro","Fire: pyromaniac, pyre"],["pseudo","False: pseudonym"],["thesis","A placing: hypothesis, synthesis"],["tropo","Turn: tropical, heliotrope"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-homographs","id":"la-homographs","title":"Homographs: Same Spelling, Different Meanings","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"Words spelled alike that mean different things, some said differently too.","tags":["homographs","multiple meanings"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meanings","cards":[["bat","A flying mammal; a stick used to hit a ball"],["bark","The sound a dog makes; the outer covering of a tree"],["bank","A place that keeps money; the side of a river"],["bow (bō)","A knot with loops; a weapon that shoots arrows"],["bow (bou)","To bend forward as a greeting"],["close (klōz)","To shut"],["close (klōs)","Near"],["content (KON-tent)","What is inside something"],["content (kun-TENT)","Happy and satisfied"],["desert (DEZ-ert)","A dry place with little rain"],["desert (di-ZERT)","To leave someone behind"],["dove (duv)","A kind of bird"],["dove (dōv)","Jumped headfirst into water"],["fan","A device that moves air; a person who loves a team or star"],["file","A folder of papers; a tool for smoothing"],["fine","Very good; money paid as a penalty"],["firm","Hard and steady; a business"],["jam","Fruit spread; to squeeze in tightly"],["kind","Gentle and caring; a type or sort"],["lead (lēd)","To guide"],["lead (led)","A heavy metal"],["left","The opposite of right; went away"],["light","Not heavy; brightness from a lamp"],["match","A stick that lights a flame; a game or contest"],["mean","Unkind; to intend; average"],["mine (mīn)","Belonging to me"],["minute (MIN-it)","Sixty seconds"],["minute (mī-NOOT)","Very tiny"],["object (OB-jikt)","A thing you can touch"],["object (ub-JEKT)","To disagree"],["park","A place with grass and trees; to leave a car"],["pen","A tool for writing; a fenced area for animals"],["present (PREZ-ent)","A gift; right now"],["present (pri-ZENT)","To give or show"],["produce (PRŌ-doos)","Fruits and vegetables"],["produce (pruh-DOOS)","To make"],["read (rēd)","To look at words and understand them"],["read (red)","Looked at words in the past"],["record (REK-ord)","A written account; the best score so far"],["record (ri-KORD)","To save sound or video"],["refuse (REF-yoos)","Garbage"],["refuse (ri-FYOOZ)","To say no"],["ring","A circle worn on a finger; to make a bell sound"],["rock","A stone; to move back and forth"],["row (rō)","A line of things; to paddle a boat"],["row (rou)","A noisy argument"],["saw","A tool for cutting; looked at (past of see)"],["season","A time of year; to add salt or spices"],["second","One of sixty parts of a minute; after the first"],["sewer (SŌ-er)","A person who sews"],["sewer (SOO-er)","An underground drain"],["shed","A small storage building; to drop or lose"],["sink","A basin for washing; to go under water"],["spring","The season after winter; a coil of metal; a jump"],["squash","A vegetable; to crush flat"],["stalk","The stem of a plant; to follow quietly"],["tear (tair)","To rip"],["tear (teer)","A drop from the eye"],["wind (wind)","Moving air"],["wind (wīnd)","To turn or twist"],["wound (woond)","An injury"],["wound (wound)","Twisted around (past of wind)"],["bass (bās)","A low sound or a low voice"],["bass (bas)","A kind of fish"],["live (liv)","To be alive; to stay in a place"],["live (līv)","Happening right now"],["use (yooz)","To do something with a tool"],["use (yoos)","A purpose"],["subject (SUB-jikt)","A topic; a school class"],["subject (sub-JEKT)","To make someone go through something"],["conduct (KON-dukt)","Behavior"],["conduct (kun-DUKT)","To lead or direct"],["project (PROJ-ekt)","A planned piece of work"],["project (pruh-JEKT)","To throw forward or show on a screen"],["permit (PER-mit)","A paper that gives permission"],["contract (KON-trakt)","A legal agreement"],["contract (kun-TRAKT)","To shrink"],["insult (IN-sult)","A rude remark"],["invalid (IN-vuh-lid)","A person made weak by illness"],["invalid (in-VAL-id)","Not valid; not acceptable"],["lie","A false statement; to rest flat"],["nail","A thin pointed metal pin; the hard cover on a fingertip"],["palm","The inside of your hand; a kind of tree"],["pitcher","A person who throws a ball; a jug for liquids"],["plant","A living thing that grows; a factory"],["pound","A unit of weight; to hit hard"],["roll","A small round bread; to turn over and over"],["scale","A tool for weighing; the skin of a fish"],["seal","A sea animal; to close tightly"],["spell","To say letters in order; a magic charm"],["stick","A thin piece of wood; to glue"],["swallow","To take food down the throat; a bird"],["trunk","An elephant's nose; the stem of a tree; the back storage of a car"],["well","In a good way; a deep hole with water"],["yard","Ground around a house; three feet"],["cross","A mark like an X; angry"],["fair","Just and equal; a carnival"],["pitch","To throw; the highness of a sound"],["duck","A water bird; to bend down quickly"],["orange","A fruit; a color"],["mouse","A small rodent; a computer pointing device"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-homophones-easy","id":"la-homophones-easy","title":"Homophones: Easy Pairs","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"Words that sound the same but have different spellings and meanings.","tags":["homophones","spelling"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning and its partner","cards":[["to","Toward (partner: too, two)"],["too","Also, or more than enough (partner: to, two)"],["two","The number 2 (partner: to, too)"],["there","In that place (partners: their, they're)"],["their","Belonging to them (partners: there, they're)"],["they're","Short for they are (partners: there, their)"],["here","In this place (partner: hear)"],["hear","To listen with your ears (partner: here)"],["see","To look with your eyes (partner: sea)"],["sea","A large body of salt water (partner: see)"],["sun","The star our Earth circles (partner: son)"],["son","A boy child of a parent (partner: sun)"],["one","The number 1 (partner: won)"],["won","Did win (partner: one)"],["no","The opposite of yes (partner: know)"],["know","To understand or be sure of (partner: no)"],["write","To put words on paper (partner: right)"],["right","Correct, or the opposite of left (partners: write, rite)"],["be","To exist (partner: bee)"],["bee","An insect that makes honey (partner: be)"],["by","Near or beside (partners: buy, bye)"],["buy","To pay for something (partners: by, bye)"],["bye","Short for goodbye (partners: by, buy)"],["for","Meant to be given to (partners: four, fore)"],["four","The number 4 (partners: for, fore)"],["in","Inside (partner: inn)"],["inn","A small hotel (partner: in)"],["eye","The part of the body you see with (partners: I, aye)"],["I","The word you use to talk about yourself (partners: eye, aye)"],["our","Belonging to us (partner: hour)"],["hour","Sixty minutes (partner: our)"],["bear","A big furry animal, or to carry (partner: bare)"],["bare","Not covered (partner: bear)"],["deer","A hoofed animal with antlers (partner: dear)"],["dear","Loved, or a way to start a letter (partner: deer)"],["flower","A blooming plant (partner: flour)"],["flour","A powder used to bake bread (partner: flower)"],["hair","What grows on your head (partner: hare)"],["hare","An animal like a big rabbit (partner: hair)"],["mail","Letters and packages (partner: male)"],["male","A boy or man (partner: mail)"],["meat","Food from animals (partners: meet, mete)"],["meet","To come together with someone (partner: meat)"],["pair","Two things that go together (partners: pare, pear)"],["pear","A sweet fruit (partners: pair, pare)"],["plane","A machine that flies (partner: plain)"],["plain","Simple, or a flat area of land (partner: plane)"],["rain","Water falling from clouds (partners: reign, rein)"],["road","A path for cars (partners: rode, rowed)"],["rode","Past tense of ride (partner: road)"],["sail","To travel on a boat with a cloth (partner: sale)"],["sale","A time when things cost less (partner: sail)"],["tail","The part at the back of an animal (partner: tale)"],["tale","A story (partner: tail)"],["wait","To stay until something happens (partner: weight)"],["weight","How heavy something is (partner: wait)"],["way","A path or method (partners: weigh, whey)"],["weigh","To find how heavy something is (partner: way)"],["week","Seven days (partner: weak)"],["weak","Not strong (partner: week)"],["blue","The color of the sky (partner: blew)"],["blew","Past tense of blow (partner: blue)"],["new","Not old (partner: knew)"],["knew","Past tense of know (partner: new)"],["nose","The part of the face you smell with (partner: knows)"],["knows","Is aware of (partner: nose)"],["not","Word that makes a sentence negative (partner: knot)"],["knot","A tied loop in rope (partner: not)"],["ate","Past tense of eat (partner: eight)"],["eight","The number 8 (partner: ate)"],["or","A word that gives a choice (partners: oar, ore)"],["oar","A paddle for a rowboat (partners: or, ore)"],["tow","To pull behind (partner: toe)"],["toe","A part of your foot (partner: tow)"],["would","Might (partner: wood)"],["wood","What trees are made of (partner: would)"],["ant","A tiny insect (partner: aunt)"],["aunt","Your parent's sister (partner: ant)"],["beat","To hit again and again (partner: beet)"],["beet","A red root vegetable (partner: beat)"],["berry","A small juicy fruit (partner: bury)"],["bury","To put in the ground (partner: berry)"],["cell","A tiny unit of life, or a small room (partner: sell)"],["sell","To trade for money (partner: cell)"],["cent","A coin worth one penny (partners: scent, sent)"],["scent","A smell (partners: cent, sent)"],["sent","Past tense of send (partners: cent, scent)"],["dew","Drops of water on grass at morning (partner: due)"],["due","Expected, or owed (partner: dew)"],["fair","Just, or a carnival (partner: fare)"],["fare","Money paid for a ride (partner: fair)"],["heal","To get better (partner: heel)"],["heel","The back of your foot (partner: heal)"],["hole","An empty space (partner: whole)"],["whole","All of something (partner: hole)"],["lead (metal)","A heavy gray metal, said led (partner: led)"],["led","Past tense of lead (partner: lead)"],["main","Most important (partner: mane)"],["mane","Long hair on a lion's neck (partner: main)"],["peace","A calm time with no fighting (partner: piece)"],["piece","A part of something (partner: peace)"],["pause","A short stop (partner: paws)"],["paws","Animal feet (partner: pause)"],["steal","To take what is not yours (partner: steel)"],["steel","A strong metal (partner: steal)"],["stair","One step in a staircase (partner: stare)"],["stare","To look for a long time (partner: stair)"],["sweet","Tasting like sugar (partner: suite)"],["tea","A hot drink (partner: tee)"],["threw","Past tense of throw (partner: through)"],["through","From one side to the other (partner: threw)"],["wear","To have clothes on (partner: where)"],["where","In what place (partner: wear)"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-homophones-hard","id":"la-homophones-hard","title":"Homophones: Tricky Pairs","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8","9-12"],"description":"Harder homophone pairs and trios, with meanings.","tags":["homophones","vocabulary"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning and its partner","cards":[["accept","To receive (partner: except)"],["except","Leaving out (partner: accept)"],["affect","To influence (a verb, usually) (partner: effect)"],["effect","A result (a noun, usually) (partner: affect)"],["allowed","Permitted (partner: aloud)"],["aloud","Out loud (partner: allowed)"],["altar","A table used in a ceremony (partner: alter)"],["alter","To change (partner: altar)"],["assistance","Help (partner: assistants)"],["assistants","People who help (partner: assistance)"],["bald","Having no hair (partner: bawled)"],["bawled","Cried loudly (partner: bald)"],["band","A group of musicians (partner: banned)"],["banned","Not allowed (partner: band)"],["bazaar","A market (partner: bizarre)"],["bizarre","Very strange (partner: bazaar)"],["bough","A large branch of a tree (partner: bow)"],["bow","To bend at the waist (partner: bough)"],["brake","A device that stops a car (partner: break)"],["break","To crack or split (partner: brake)"],["canvas","Heavy cloth (partner: canvass)"],["canvass","To ask people for votes or opinions (partner: canvas)"],["capital","A city that is the seat of government (partner: capitol)"],["capitol","The building where a legislature meets (partner: capital)"],["cereal","A breakfast food (partner: serial)"],["serial","Happening in a series (partner: cereal)"],["cite","To quote as a source (partners: sight, site)"],["sight","The ability to see (partners: cite, site)"],["site","A place (partners: cite, sight)"],["coarse","Rough (partner: course)"],["course","A path, or a class (partner: coarse)"],["complement","Something that completes (partner: compliment)"],["compliment","A kind remark (partner: complement)"],["council","A group that makes decisions (partner: counsel)"],["counsel","Advice (partner: council)"],["creak","A squeaky noise (partner: creek)"],["creek","A small stream (partner: creak)"],["desert","A dry sandy place (partner: dessert)"],["dessert","A sweet treat after a meal (partner: desert)"],["die","To stop living (partner: dye)"],["dye","Color for cloth (partner: die)"],["discreet","Careful with secrets (partner: discrete)"],["discrete","Separate and distinct (partner: discreet)"],["draft","A rough version, or a current of air (partner: draught)"],["elicit","To draw out (partner: illicit)"],["illicit","Against the law (partner: elicit)"],["ensure","To make certain (partner: insure)"],["insure","To buy insurance (partner: ensure)"],["faint","To pass out, or weak (partner: feint)"],["feint","A fake move (partner: faint)"],["flair","A natural talent (partner: flare)"],["flare","A bright flame or signal (partner: flair)"],["flew","Past tense of fly (partners: flu, flue)"],["flu","An illness (partners: flew, flue)"],["foul","Bad or unfair (partner: fowl)"],["fowl","A bird such as a chicken (partner: foul)"],["gorilla","A large ape (partner: guerrilla)"],["guerrilla","A fighter in a small group (partner: gorilla)"],["grate","To shred; a metal frame (partner: great)"],["great","Very good or large (partner: grate)"],["groan","A low sound of pain (partner: grown)"],["grown","Got bigger (partner: groan)"],["hangar","A building for planes (partner: hanger)"],["hanger","A tool for hanging clothes (partner: hangar)"],["hoarse","Rough-sounding voice (partner: horse)"],["horse","A large animal people ride (partner: hoarse)"],["idle","Not working (partners: idol, idyll)"],["idol","A person you greatly admire (partner: idle)"],["lessen","To make smaller (partner: lesson)"],["lesson","Something you learn in class (partner: lessen)"],["levee","A wall that holds back a river (partner: levy)"],["levy","A tax or fee (partner: levee)"],["loan","Money lent (partner: lone)"],["lone","Alone (partner: loan)"],["medal","An award (partners: meddle, metal)"],["meddle","To butt in (partner: medal)"],["metal","A hard shiny material (partner: medal)"],["miner","A person who digs underground (partner: minor)"],["minor","Younger than an adult, or small in importance (partner: miner)"],["moral","A lesson about right and wrong (partner: morale)"],["morale","The spirit of a group (partner: moral)"],["naval","Of the navy (partner: navel)"],["navel","The belly button (partner: naval)"],["pedal","A foot lever on a bike (partner: peddle)"],["peddle","To sell goods from place to place (partner: pedal)"],["pore","A tiny hole in the skin (partners: pour, poor)"],["pour","To make liquid flow (partners: pore, poor)"],["poor","Having little money (partners: pore, pour)"],["principal","Head of a school, or main (partner: principle)"],["principle","A basic rule or belief (partner: principal)"],["profit","Money gained (partner: prophet)"],["prophet","A person who foretells the future (partner: profit)"],["rap","A quick knock, or a kind of music (partner: wrap)"],["wrap","To cover with paper (partner: rap)"],["rapped","Knocked quickly (partner: wrapped)"],["wrapped","Covered (partner: rapped)"],["raise","To lift up (partners: rays, raze)"],["rays","Beams of light (partner: raise)"],["role","A part in a play (partner: roll)"],["roll","To turn over and over, or a bun (partner: role)"],["root","The underground part of a plant (partner: route)"],["route","A way to get somewhere (partner: root)"],["shear","To cut wool from a sheep (partner: sheer)"],["sheer","Very thin, or steep (partner: shear)"],["stationary","Not moving (partner: stationery)"],["stationery","Paper and envelopes (partner: stationary)"],["tide","The rise and fall of the sea (partner: tied)"],["tied","Fastened with a knot (partner: tide)"],["vain","Too proud of your looks (partners: vane, vein)"],["vane","A pointer that shows wind direction (partners: vain, vein)"],["vein","A tube that carries blood (partners: vain, vane)"],["wail","A long loud cry (partners: whale, wale)"],["whale","A huge sea mammal (partner: wail)"],["waist","The middle of your body (partner: waste)"],["waste","To use badly; garbage (partner: waist)"],["weather","Conditions in the air outside (partner: whether)"],["whether","Word that shows a choice (partner: weather)"],["which","Asks to choose one (partner: witch)"],["witch","A woman in stories who uses magic (partner: which)"],["yoke","A wooden frame joining oxen (partners: yolk)"],["yolk","The yellow part of an egg (partner: yoke)"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-idioms-advanced","id":"la-idioms-advanced","title":"Idioms: More Phrases","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8","9-12"],"description":"More idioms and what they mean.","tags":["idioms","figurative language"],"frontLabel":"Idiom","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["achilles' heel","A hidden weakness"],["add insult to injury","Make a bad situation worse"],["at the drop of a hat","Right away"],["back to square one","Starting over"],["beat a dead horse","Keep arguing about something already settled"],["bite off more than you can chew","Take on too much"],["blessing in disguise","Something good that seemed bad at first"],["break a leg","Good luck"],["bury the hatchet","Make peace"],["by the skin of your teeth","Barely"],["call the shots","Be in charge"],["catch someone red-handed","Find someone doing something wrong"],["clean slate","A fresh start"],["come rain or shine","No matter what"],["crocodile tears","Fake crying"],["cross that bridge when you come to it","Deal with it when it happens"],["cry wolf","Call for help when it is not needed"],["curiosity killed the cat","Too much curiosity leads to trouble"],["devil's advocate","Someone who argues the other side"],["dime a dozen","Very common"],["down to earth","Practical and humble"],["drop in the bucket","A very small part of what is needed"],["elephant in the room","An obvious problem nobody discusses"],["fall on deaf ears","Be ignored"],["feel under the weather","Feel unwell"],["fit as a fiddle","In very good health"],["flesh and blood","Family"],["get cold feet","Become afraid"],["get your act together","Behave in a better organized way"],["give someone the benefit of the doubt","Believe them without proof"],["go back to the drawing board","Start the plan again"],["go down in flames","Fail spectacularly"],["hit the sack","Go to sleep"],["in a nutshell","In brief"],["in the nick of time","Just in time"],["jump the gun","Start too soon"],["keep your chin up","Stay positive"],["knock on wood","A phrase said for good luck"],["learn the ropes","Learn how to do a job"],["let off steam","Release strong feelings"],["level playing field","Equal chances for all"],["light at the end of the tunnel","Hope after a hard time"],["lion's share","The biggest part"],["loose cannon","Someone unpredictable"],["make ends meet","Earn just enough to pay bills"],["method to the madness","A reason behind odd behavior"],["mum's the word","Keep it secret"],["neck and neck","Very close in a race"],["off the hook","Free from blame"],["on the ball","Alert and quick"],["on thin ice","In a risky position"],["out of the woods","Safe now"],["pass the buck","Blame someone else"],["pie in the sky","An unlikely dream"],["play devil's advocate","Argue against to test an idea"],["pull yourself together","Calm down"],["put all your eggs in one basket","Risk everything on one choice"],["rain on someone's parade","Spoil their fun"],["rub salt in the wound","Make a painful thing worse"],["rock the boat","Cause trouble"],["run out of steam","Lose energy"],["sail through","Do easily"],["sink or swim","Succeed or fail on your own"],["stick to your guns","Hold your position"],["straight from the horse's mouth","From a trusted source"],["take the bull by the horns","Face a problem boldly"],["the writing on the wall","A sign of what will happen"],["throw caution to the wind","Take a big risk"],["tongue in cheek","Said as a joke"],["turn a blind eye","Choose to ignore"],["under the radar","Not noticed"],["water under the bridge","Past and no longer important"],["weather the storm","Get through a hard time"],["wet behind the ears","Inexperienced"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-idioms-easy","id":"la-idioms-easy","title":"Idioms: Everyday Sayings","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"Common idioms and what they really mean.","tags":["idioms","figurative language"],"frontLabel":"Idiom","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["a piece of cake","Very easy"],["break the ice","Start a friendly conversation"],["under the weather","Feeling a bit sick"],["once in a blue moon","Very rarely"],["spill the beans","Tell a secret"],["hit the hay","Go to bed"],["cost an arm and a leg","Be very expensive"],["let the cat out of the bag","Tell a secret by accident"],["raining cats and dogs","Raining very hard"],["the ball is in your court","It is your turn to act"],["bite the bullet","Face something hard bravely"],["cut corners","Do a job badly to save time or money"],["pull someone's leg","Tease someone as a joke"],["hold your horses","Wait and be patient"],["sit on the fence","Not choose a side"],["the last straw","The final problem that makes you lose patience"],["actions speak louder than words","What you do matters more than what you say"],["barking up the wrong tree","Making a wrong choice"],["beat around the bush","Avoid getting to the point"],["best of both worlds","Getting two good things at once"],["burn the midnight oil","Work late into the night"],["call it a day","Stop working"],["cry over spilled milk","Be upset over something that cannot be changed"],["cut the mustard","Be good enough"],["don't count your chickens","Don't count on something before it happens"],["get out of hand","Become hard to control"],["give the cold shoulder","Ignore on purpose"],["go the extra mile","Do more than is needed"],["hit the nail on the head","Be exactly right"],["in hot water","In trouble"],["jump on the bandwagon","Join a popular trend"],["keep an eye on","Watch carefully"],["let sleeping dogs lie","Leave a problem alone"],["make a long story short","Tell it quickly"],["miss the boat","Miss a chance"],["on cloud nine","Very happy"],["out of the blue","Suddenly and unexpectedly"],["play it by ear","Decide as things happen"],["put your foot in your mouth","Say something embarrassing"],["read between the lines","Find the hidden meaning"],["rule of thumb","A rough guide"],["see eye to eye","Agree"],["sit tight","Wait where you are"],["speak of the devil","The person we were talking about just showed up"],["steal the show","Get all the attention"],["take it with a grain of salt","Don't believe it completely"],["the whole nine yards","Everything"],["throw in the towel","Give up"],["time flies","Time passes quickly"],["tip of the iceberg","Only a small visible part of a bigger problem"],["under your nose","Right in front of you"],["walk on eggshells","Be very careful not to upset someone"],["when pigs fly","Never"],["you can't judge a book by its cover","Looks do not show what something is really like"],["zip your lip","Stay quiet"],["butterflies in your stomach","Feeling nervous"],["chip on your shoulder","Holding a grudge"],["cold feet","Sudden nervousness before doing something"],["fish out of water","Someone in an unfamiliar place"],["get a taste of your own medicine","Be treated the way you treat others"],["head in the clouds","Daydreaming"],["in the doghouse","In trouble with someone"],["leave no stone unturned","Try every possible way"],["lend a hand","Help"],["piece of work","A difficult or strange person"],["pig out","Eat too much"],["saved by the bell","Rescued just in time"],["sick as a dog","Very ill"],["the apple of my eye","Someone very dear"],["two peas in a pod","Very much alike"],["up in the air","Not decided yet"],["wild goose chase","A useless search"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-latin-roots","id":"la-latin-roots","title":"Latin Roots","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8","9-12"],"description":"Common Latin word roots with meanings and example words.","tags":["roots","latin","word parts"],"frontLabel":"Root","backLabel":"Meaning and examples","cards":[["aqua","Water: aquarium, aquatic"],["aud","Hear: audience, audible"],["bene","Good: benefit, benevolent"],["cap","Take or seize: capture, capable"],["cede","Go: precede, recede"],["circum","Around: circumference, circumnavigate"],["clam","Shout: exclaim, clamor"],["cogn","Know: recognize, cognition"],["cor","Heart: cordial, courage"],["corp","Body: corporation, corpse"],["cred","Believe: incredible, credit"],["cur","Run: current, occur"],["dict","Say: dictionary, predict"],["duc","Lead: produce, educate"],["fac","Make or do: factory, manufacture"],["fer","Carry: transfer, ferry"],["fid","Faith: confide, fidelity"],["flect","Bend: reflect, flexible"],["form","Shape: transform, uniform"],["fort","Strong: fortress, effort"],["frag","Break: fragment, fragile"],["gen","Birth or kind: generate, generation"],["grad","Step: gradual, graduate"],["jud","Law or judge: judge, judicial"],["junct","Join: junction, conjunction"],["lect","Choose or read: select, lecture"],["leg","Law: legal, legislature"],["loc","Place: locate, location"],["loqu","Speak: eloquent, loquacious"],["luc","Light: lucid, translucent"],["magn","Large: magnify, magnificent"],["mal","Bad: malice, malfunction"],["man","Hand: manual, manufacture"],["mar","Sea: marine, submarine"],["mater","Mother: maternal, matriarch"],["mem","Mindful: memory, memorial"],["mit","Send: submit, transmit"],["mort","Death: mortal, mortuary"],["mov","Move: movement, remove"],["nat","Born: native, nature"],["nov","New: novel, novice"],["omni","All: omnivore, omnipresent"],["pater","Father: paternal, patriarch"],["ped","Foot: pedal, pedestrian"],["pel","Drive or push: propel, repel"],["pend","Hang: pendant, suspend"],["port","Carry: transport, import"],["quer","Ask: query, question"],["rupt","Break: rupture, interrupt"],["scrib","Write: describe, scribble"],["sect","Cut: section, dissect"],["sent","Feel: sentiment, resent"],["spec","Look: spectator, inspect"],["struct","Build: construct, structure"],["tact","Touch: contact, tactile"],["terr","Land: territory, terrain"],["tract","Pull: tractor, attract"],["vac","Empty: vacuum, vacant"],["ven","Come: event, prevent"],["vert","Turn: convert, reverse"],["vid","See: video, evidence"],["voc","Call or voice: vocal, advocate"],["vol","Wish: volunteer, voluntary"],["vor","Eat: carnivore, devour"],["dorm","Sleep: dormitory, dormant"],["lun","Moon: lunar, lunatic"],["sol","Sun or alone: solar, solitary"],["ject","Throw: reject, project"],["mand","Order: command, demand"],["medi","Middle: medium, medieval"],["pop","People: population, popular"],["san","Healthy: sanitary, sanity"],["simil","Like: similar, simile"],["sub","Under: submarine, subway"],["temp","Time: temporary, contemporary"],["turb","Disturb: turbulent, turbine"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-literary-terms","id":"la-literary-terms","title":"Literary Terms","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8","9-12"],"description":"Terms used to talk about stories, plays, poems and books.","tags":["literary terms","literature"],"frontLabel":"Term","backLabel":"Definition","cards":[["plot","The series of events in a story"],["setting","When and where a story takes place"],["character","A person, animal or being in a story"],["protagonist","The main character"],["antagonist","The character or force that opposes the protagonist"],["conflict","The struggle between opposing forces in a story"],["theme","The central message or big idea of a work"],["narrator","The voice that tells the story"],["point of view","The perspective from which a story is told"],["first-person","The narrator is in the story and uses I"],["third-person limited","The narrator tells what one character thinks and feels"],["third-person omniscient","The narrator knows what all characters think"],["second-person","The narrator speaks to you"],["exposition","The part of a story that introduces characters and setting"],["rising action","The events that build tension toward the climax"],["climax","The turning point or most exciting moment"],["falling action","The events after the climax that lead to the end"],["resolution","How the conflict is settled"],["dialogue","The words spoken by characters"],["monologue","A long speech by one character"],["soliloquy","A speech in which a character speaks thoughts aloud, alone on stage"],["aside","A remark made to the audience, unheard by others"],["stage directions","Notes in a script about movement and sound"],["act","A major division of a play"],["scene","A smaller division of an act, in one place and time"],["tragedy","A serious story that ends in disaster for the hero"],["comedy","A story with a happy ending, usually funny"],["fable","A short story with animals that teaches a lesson"],["fairy tale","A story with magic and imaginary beings"],["folktale","A story passed down by word of mouth"],["legend","A story about heroes that may be partly true"],["myth","A traditional story explaining nature or beliefs"],["fantasy","A story with magical or impossible elements"],["science fiction","A story based on imagined science and the future"],["historical fiction","A made-up story set in a real past time"],["realistic fiction","A made-up story that could really happen"],["nonfiction","Writing about real people, events and facts"],["biography","The story of a person's life written by someone else"],["autobiography","A person's life story written by that person"],["memoir","A personal account of remembered experiences"],["essay","A short piece of nonfiction on one topic"],["novel","A long fictional story"],["novella","A fictional story shorter than a novel"],["short story","A brief work of fiction"],["genre","A category of literature"],["anecdote","A short true story told to make a point"],["allegory","A story where characters and events stand for deeper ideas"],["motif","A repeated element that supports the theme"],["symbol","A thing that stands for something else"],["foreshadowing","Clues about what will happen later"],["flashback","A scene set in an earlier time"],["suspense","The feeling of wondering what will happen next"],["irony","A difference between what is expected and what happens"],["satire","A work that makes fun of human flaws"],["parody","An imitation for comic effect"],["tone","The author's attitude"],["mood","The feeling created in the reader"],["voice","The writer's unique style"],["diction","The author's word choice"],["syntax","The way words are arranged in sentences"],["characterization","How an author reveals a character"],["direct characterization","The author tells you what a character is like"],["indirect characterization","The author shows traits through actions and words"],["static character","A character who does not change"],["dynamic character","A character who changes during the story"],["flat character","A character with one or two traits"],["round character","A character with many traits"],["foil","A character who contrasts another to highlight traits"],["stereotype","An oversimplified idea of a type of person"],["archetype","A typical pattern that appears in many stories"],["epic","A long poem about a hero's adventures"],["ode","A poem praising something"],["elegy","A poem mourning a loss"],["ballad","A poem or song that tells a story"],["cliffhanger","An ending that leaves the outcome uncertain"],["denouement","The final part where loose ends are tied up"],["epigraph","A short quote at the start of a work"],["prologue","An introduction before the story"],["epilogue","A closing section after the story"],["inference","A conclusion based on clues and what you know"],["summary","A short retelling of the main points"],["paraphrase","Restating in your own words"],["bias","A leaning toward one side"],["audience","The people a work is meant for"],["purpose","The author's reason for writing"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-misspelled-common-1","id":"la-misspelled-common-1","title":"Commonly Misspelled Words (Set 1)","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"Words many people spell wrong, each with a tip for getting it right.","tags":["spelling","misspelled"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Spelling tip","cards":[["separate","There is \"a rat\" in sep-a-rate"],["definitely","There is \"finite\" inside definitely"],["necessary","One collar (c) and two sleeves (ss)"],["receive","I before E except after C"],["believe","Never believe a lie: there is a \"lie\" in believe"],["friend","A friend is there to the end: fri-END"],["February","Remember the first r: Feb-RU-ary"],["Wednesday","Say it Wed-nes-day to remember the d"],["library","Lib-RAR-y: the first r counts"],["beautiful","Starts with beau (as in French beauty), then tiful"],["because","Big elephants can always understand small elephants"],["calendar","Ends in -ar, not -er"],["different","Three syllables in writing: diff-er-ent"],["embarrass","Two r's and two s's"],["environment","Don't forget the n before the m: environ-ment"],["government","Remember the n: govern-ment"],["height","Ends with -ght, not -th"],["interesting","Spelled int-er-est-ing"],["knowledge","Starts with a silent k and has a d: know-ledge"],["license","Ends in -ense (in the US)"],["lightning","No e in the middle: light-ning for the flash in the sky"],["maintenance","Main + ten + ance"],["neighbor","Neighbor ends in -bor, with eigh"],["occasion","Two c's and one s"],["occurred","Two c's and two r's"],["personnel","Two n's and one l"],["possession","Two s's twice: poss-ess-ion"],["privilege","No d: priv-i-lege"],["pronunciation","The verb is pronounce, but this noun drops the o: pro-NUN-ciation"],["publicly","Not publically"],["reference","Refer + ence"],["restaurant","Rest + au + rant"],["rhythm","Rhythm Helps Your Two Hips Move"],["schedule","Starts with sch"],["sincerely","Spelled sin-cere-ly, keep the e"],["success","Two c's and two s's"],["surprise","Remember the first r: su-r-prise"],["tomorrow","One m and two r's"],["truly","Drop the e before -ly"],["until","Only one l at the end"],["weird","An exception: weird breaks the I before E rule"],["which","Starts with wh"],["writing","One t: write drops its e"],["accommodate","Two c's and two m's: big enough for both"],["across","Only one c"],["address","Two d's and two s's"],["argument","Drop the e from argue: argu-ment"],["athlete","Three syllables: ath-lete, no extra e"],["basically","Ends in -ally"],["bicycle","Spelled bi-cy-cle"],["business","Business has \"bus\" at the start, and \"ness\""],["caught","Rhymes with taught: aught is a common ending"],["cemetery","Ends in -ery, with all e's"],["chocolate","Write all three syllables: choc-o-late"],["column","Silent n at the end"],["comfortable","Spelled com-fort-able"],["conscience","Con-science"],["dessert","Two s's: you want more of it"],["disappoint","One s and two p's"],["exercise","Ends with -cise"],["familiar","Ends in -iar"],["fourth","Four + th, so it keeps the u"],["generally","Gener-al-ly"],["grammar","Ends in -ar"],["guard","Silent u"],["guess","Silent u"],["harass","One r and two s's"],["immediately","Immediate + ly, keep the e"],["independent","Ends in -ent"],["jewelry","Jewel + ry"],["judgment","Drop the e: judg-ment"],["laboratory","Lab-or-a-tor-y"],["leisure","Rule exception: e before i"],["millennium","Two l's and two n's"],["mischievous","Mis-chie-vous: only three syllables, no extra i"],["misspell","Two s's: mis + spell"],["noticeable","Keep the e before able"],["parallel","Para-LL-el: the two l's are parallel"],["parliament","Parlia + ment, with an i"],["perseverance","Ends in -ance"],["pursue","Pur-sue"],["questionnaire","Two n's"],["recommend","One c and two m's"],["relevant","Rel-e-vant"],["responsibility","Ends in -ility"],["sergeant","Sounds like SAR-jent but is spelled with an e: ser-geant"],["similar","Ends in -ar"],["special","Ends in -cial"],["strength","Strength has a g and a th"],["temperature","Temper-a-ture: say it with four syllables"],["unnecessary","Un + necessary: both n's"],["vacuum","Two u's together"],["vegetable","Spelled veg-e-ta-ble"],["village","Ends in -age"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-onomatopoeia","id":"la-onomatopoeia","title":"Onomatopoeia: Sound Words","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["pre-k","k-2","3-5"],"description":"Words that sound like the noise they name.","tags":["onomatopoeia","sound words","figurative language"],"frontLabel":"Sound word","backLabel":"What makes the sound","cards":[["buzz","A bee or a fly"],["meow","A cat"],["woof","A dog"],["quack","A duck"],["moo","A cow"],["oink","A pig"],["baa","A sheep"],["neigh","A horse"],["hiss","A snake or steam"],["roar","A lion"],["tweet","A small bird"],["chirp","A cricket or bird"],["hoot","An owl"],["croak","A frog"],["squeak","A mouse or a creaky hinge"],["boom","A loud explosion or thunder"],["bang","A sudden loud noise"],["crash","Things falling and breaking"],["splash","Water hitting something"],["drip","A drop of water"],["plop","A small object landing in water"],["sizzle","Food frying"],["pop","A balloon bursting"],["crackle","A fire"],["snap","A twig breaking"],["thud","A heavy object falling"],["clap","Hands hitting together"],["knock","A hand on a door"],["ding","A small bell"],["ring","A phone or bell"],["clang","Metal hitting metal"],["honk","A car horn or goose"],["beep","A machine or horn"],["vroom","A fast engine"],["zoom","Something moving fast"],["whoosh","Air moving quickly"],["swish","A smooth movement through air or water"],["slurp","Drinking noisily"],["gulp","Swallowing quickly"],["burp","Air from the stomach"],["hiccup","A sudden gasp"],["achoo","A sneeze"],["giggle","A silly laugh"],["snore","Breathing loudly in sleep"],["yawn","A tired breath"],["sniff","Smelling with the nose"],["munch","Chewing crunchy food"],["crunch","Biting something crisp"],["smack","A hit or a kiss sound"],["whisper","Soft speech"],["murmur","A low steady sound"],["mumble","Unclear speech"],["rustle","Leaves or paper moving"],["tick","A clock"],["tock","A clock"],["click","A small hard sound"],["clatter","A jumble of noisy hard sounds"],["rattle","Short sharp sounds shaken together"],["jingle","Little bells"],["tinkle","A light ringing sound"],["patter","Rain or little feet"],["splat","Something wet hitting a surface"],["thump","A dull knock"],["bam","A sharp hit"],["zip","Fast movement or a zipper"],["swoosh","A rush of sound"],["flutter","Wings"],["gurgle","Water flowing in a throat or pipe"],["squish","Soft wet mud"],["sputter","A weak spitting sound"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-parts-of-speech","id":"la-parts-of-speech","title":"Parts of Speech","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"The eight parts of speech and related grammar words, with examples.","tags":["grammar","parts of speech"],"frontLabel":"Term","backLabel":"Definition and examples","cards":[["noun","A person, place, thing or idea: teacher, park, joy"],["common noun","A general name: city, dog"],["proper noun","A specific name, capitalized: Paris, Max"],["concrete noun","A noun you can sense: apple, rain"],["abstract noun","An idea or feeling: freedom, love"],["singular noun","One thing: book"],["plural noun","More than one: books"],["possessive noun","Shows ownership: the dog's bone"],["collective noun","A group named as one: team, flock"],["verb","An action or state word: run, is"],["action verb","Shows doing: jump, write"],["linking verb","Joins the subject to more information: is, seem"],["helping verb","Helps the main verb: can, will, has"],["verb tense","Shows when something happens"],["past tense","Already happened: walked"],["present tense","Happening now: walks"],["future tense","Will happen: will walk"],["present perfect","Happened at an unspecified time or still true: has walked"],["past perfect","Happened before another past event: had walked"],["irregular verb","A verb that does not add -ed for past: go becomes went"],["adjective","Describes a noun: tall, red, three"],["adverb","Describes a verb, adjective or adverb: quickly, very"],["pronoun","Takes the place of a noun: he, they, it"],["subject pronoun","Does the action: I, you, he, she, it, we, they"],["object pronoun","Receives the action: me, him, her, us, them"],["possessive pronoun","Shows ownership: mine, yours, hers, ours"],["reflexive pronoun","Reflects back on the subject: myself, themselves"],["relative pronoun","Introduces a clause: who, which, that"],["demonstrative pronoun","Points to something: this, that, these, those"],["interrogative pronoun","Asks a question: who, what, which"],["antecedent","The noun a pronoun replaces"],["preposition","Shows position or relation: in, on, under, between"],["prepositional phrase","A preposition with its object: under the table"],["conjunction","Joins words or phrases: and, but, or"],["coordinating conjunction","Joins equal parts: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS)"],["subordinating conjunction","Starts a dependent clause: because, although, when"],["interjection","A word showing strong feeling: wow, ouch"],["article","A word before a noun: a, an, the"],["definite article","The word the, for a specific noun"],["indefinite article","A or an, for any noun"],["determiner","A word that introduces a noun: this, my, some"],["subject","Who or what the sentence is about"],["predicate","The part that tells what the subject does or is"],["direct object","Receives the action of the verb: She kicked the ball"],["indirect object","Receives the direct object: She gave him the ball"],["complement","A word that completes the meaning of the predicate"],["modifier","A word or phrase that describes another"],["phrase","A group of words without a subject and verb together"],["clause","A group of words with a subject and a verb"],["independent clause","A clause that can stand alone as a sentence"],["dependent clause","A clause that cannot stand alone"],["simple sentence","One independent clause"],["compound sentence","Two independent clauses joined together"],["complex sentence","One independent and one or more dependent clauses"],["compound-complex sentence","Two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause"],["declarative sentence","Makes a statement"],["interrogative sentence","Asks a question"],["imperative sentence","Gives a command"],["exclamatory sentence","Shows strong feeling"],["fragment","An incomplete sentence"],["run-on sentence","Two or more sentences joined wrongly"],["comma splice","Two independent clauses joined only by a comma"],["active voice","The subject does the action: The dog chased the cat"],["passive voice","The subject receives the action: The cat was chased by the dog"],["infinitive","To plus a verb: to run"],["gerund","A verb ending in -ing used as a noun: Swimming is fun"],["participle","A verb form used as an adjective: a broken cup"],["comparative","Compares two: taller, more careful"],["superlative","Compares three or more: tallest, most careful"],["positive degree","The basic form of an adjective: tall"],["mood (grammar)","The verb form that shows the attitude: indicative, imperative, subjunctive"],["subjunctive mood","Used for wishes and unreal conditions: If I were you"],["appositive","A noun phrase that renames another noun: my dog, Rex"],["contraction","Two words joined with an apostrophe: don't"],["possessive","A form showing ownership"],["transitive verb","A verb that takes a direct object"],["intransitive verb","A verb with no direct object"],["double negative","Two negatives in one clause (avoid): I don't have no pencil"],["parallel structure","Using the same pattern for items in a list"],["subject-verb agreement","The verb must match its subject in number"],["pronoun-antecedent agreement","A pronoun must match the noun it replaces"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-phonics-blends","id":"la-phonics-blends","title":"Phonics: Consonant Blends","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2"],"description":"Two or three consonants whose sounds are blended together.","tags":["phonics","blends"],"frontLabel":"Blend","backLabel":"Example words","cards":[["bl","black, blue, blink"],["cl","clap, clock, cloud"],["fl","flag, flip, flower"],["gl","glad, glass, globe"],["pl","plan, plum, plant"],["sl","slow, sled, slide"],["br","bring, brick, bread"],["cr","crab, crop, cry"],["dr","drum, drip, dress"],["fr","frog, free, fruit"],["gr","grass, grin, grape"],["pr","pray, press, prize"],["tr","tree, trip, truck"],["sc","scan, scoop, scarf"],["sk","skip, skate, sky"],["sm","smile, smell, smoke"],["sn","snap, snow, snail"],["sp","spin, spoon, spider"],["st","stop, star, stick"],["sw","swim, swing, sweet"],["tw","twin, twig, twelve"],["scr","scrap, scream, scratch"],["spl","split, splash, splat"],["spr","spring, spray, sprout"],["str","street, string, strong"],["squ","squirt, squid, square"],["thr","three, throw, thread"],["shr","shrimp, shrug, shrink"],["-nd","end blend: hand, pond, sand"],["-nt","end blend: tent, plant, paint"],["-st","end blend: nest, fast, first"],["-mp","end blend: lamp, jump, camp"],["-lk","end blend: milk, silk, walk"],["-ft","end blend: lift, soft, left"],["-ld","end blend: gold, cold, field"],["-sk","end blend: desk, mask, task"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-phonics-digraphs","id":"la-phonics-digraphs","title":"Phonics: Digraphs","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2"],"description":"Two letters that team up to make one new sound.","tags":["phonics","digraphs"],"frontLabel":"Digraph","backLabel":"Sound and example words","cards":[["sh","/sh/ as in ship, fish, shell"],["ch","/ch/ as in chip, lunch, chair"],["th (voiced)","/th/ as in this, that, mother"],["th (unvoiced)","/th/ as in thin, bath, thumb"],["wh","/w/ (or /hw/) as in whale, wheel, white"],["ck","/k/ at the end as in duck, sock, black"],["ph","/f/ as in phone, photo, dolphin"],["gh","/f/ in a few words, as in laugh, cough, enough"],["ng","/ng/ as in ring, song, king"],["nk","/ngk/ as in bank, pink, trunk"],["kn","/n/ (k is silent) as in knee, knife, knock"],["wr","/r/ (w is silent) as in write, wrap, wrist"],["gn","/n/ (g is silent) as in gnat, gnome, sign"],["mb","/m/ (b is silent) as in lamb, thumb, comb"],["tch","/ch/ after a short vowel, as in match, catch, witch"],["dge","/j/ after a short vowel, as in badge, fudge, bridge"],["qu","/kw/ as in queen, quick, quiz"],["ch (k sound)","/k/ in Greek-based words, as in school, chorus, echo"],["ch (sh sound)","/sh/ in French-based words, as in chef, machine, chute"],["ti","/sh/ in word endings, as in nation, station, action"],["ci","/sh/ in word endings, as in special, social, delicious"],["si","/zh/ in word endings, as in vision, television, invasion"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-phonics-letter-sounds","id":"la-phonics-letter-sounds","title":"Phonics: Letter Sounds","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["pre-k","k-2"],"description":"The most common sound for each letter, with a word that starts with it.","tags":["phonics","letters","sounds"],"frontLabel":"Letter","backLabel":"Sound and example word","cards":[["a","Short a, as in apple"],["b","/b/ as in ball"],["c","/k/ as in cat"],["d","/d/ as in dog"],["e","Short e, as in egg"],["f","/f/ as in fish"],["g","/g/ as in goat"],["h","/h/ as in hat"],["i","Short i, as in igloo"],["j","/j/ as in jam"],["k","/k/ as in kite"],["l","/l/ as in lamp"],["m","/m/ as in moon"],["n","/n/ as in nest"],["o","Short o, as in octopus"],["p","/p/ as in pig"],["q","/kw/ as in queen (q is always followed by u)"],["r","/r/ as in rabbit"],["s","/s/ as in sun"],["t","/t/ as in tiger"],["u","Short u, as in umbrella"],["v","/v/ as in van"],["w","/w/ as in web"],["x","/ks/ as in box"],["y","/y/ as in yo-yo"],["z","/z/ as in zebra"],["Long a","Says its name, as in cake"],["Long e","Says its name, as in tree"],["Long i","Says its name, as in kite"],["Long o","Says its name, as in boat"],["Long u","Says its name, as in cube"],["Soft c","/s/ before e, i or y, as in city"],["Hard c","/k/ before a, o or u, as in cow"],["Soft g","/j/ before e, i or y, as in giant"],["Hard g","/g/ before a, o or u, as in gate"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-phonics-r-controlled","id":"la-phonics-r-controlled","title":"Phonics: R-Controlled Vowels and Rules","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"Bossy r, magic e and other spelling patterns that change vowel sounds.","tags":["phonics","spelling rules"],"frontLabel":"Pattern","backLabel":"What it does","cards":[["ar","Says /ar/: car, star, farm"],["or","Says /or/: corn, horse, storm"],["er","Says /er/: her, fern, teacher"],["ir","Says /er/: bird, girl, shirt"],["ur","Says /er/: turn, burn, purple"],["ore","Says /or/: more, store, shore"],["are","Says /air/: care, share, scare"],["ear (air)","Says /air/: bear, wear, pear"],["ear (eer)","Says /eer/: ear, hear, near"],["ear (er)","Says /er/: earth, learn, early"],["air","Says /air/: chair, hair, fair"],["eer","Says /eer/: deer, cheer, steer"],["ier","Says /eer/: pier, tier"],["oar","Says /or/: roar, soar, board"],["our","Says /or/ or /ow-er/: four, hour, sour"],["war","Says /wor/: warm, wart, warn"],["wor","Says /wer/: word, work, world"],["Silent e (magic e)","A silent e at the end makes the vowel say its name: cap becomes cape"],["Closed syllable","Ends in a consonant and has a short vowel: cat, sun, dig"],["Open syllable","Ends in a vowel and has a long vowel: go, me, hi"],["Vowel-consonant-e syllable","Long vowel with silent e: cake, hope, time"],["Vowel team syllable","Two vowels make one sound: rain, boat, tree"],["R-controlled syllable","A vowel plus r changes the sound: car, her, corn"],["Consonant-le syllable","A last syllable like ble, dle, tle: table, candle, little"],["Floss rule","After a short vowel, double f, l, s or z at the end: puff, bell, miss, buzz"],["Soft c and g rule","c and g are soft before e, i or y: cent, city, gem, gym"],["q needs u","The letter q is nearly always followed by u: queen, quit"],["No English word ends in v","Add a silent e after v: have, give, love"],["FLOSS exceptions","Some short words break the floss rule: bus, gas, yes, if"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-phonics-silent-letters","id":"la-phonics-silent-letters","title":"Silent Letters","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"Words with letters you write but do not say.","tags":["phonics","silent letters","spelling"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Silent letter","cards":[["knee","Silent k"],["knife","Silent k"],["knight","Silent k and silent gh"],["knock","Silent k"],["know","Silent k"],["knot","Silent k"],["knit","Silent k"],["wrap","Silent w"],["write","Silent w"],["wrist","Silent w"],["wrong","Silent w"],["wrench","Silent w"],["answer","Silent w"],["sword","Silent w"],["two","Silent w"],["lamb","Silent b"],["thumb","Silent b"],["comb","Silent b"],["climb","Silent b"],["crumb","Silent b"],["doubt","Silent b"],["debt","Silent b"],["subtle","Silent b"],["plumber","Silent b"],["numb","Silent b"],["island","Silent s"],["aisle","Silent s"],["debris","Silent s"],["listen","Silent t"],["castle","Silent t"],["fasten","Silent t"],["whistle","Silent t"],["often","Silent t (for many speakers)"],["Christmas","Silent t"],["ballet","Silent t"],["gnat","Silent g"],["gnaw","Silent g"],["gnome","Silent g"],["sign","Silent g"],["design","Silent g"],["foreign","Silent g"],["campaign","Silent g"],["half","Silent l"],["calm","Silent l"],["palm","Silent l"],["walk","Silent l"],["talk","Silent l"],["chalk","Silent l"],["folk","Silent l"],["yolk","Silent l"],["could","Silent l"],["should","Silent l"],["would","Silent l"],["salmon","Silent l"],["honest","Silent h"],["hour","Silent h"],["heir","Silent h"],["honor","Silent h"],["ghost","Silent h"],["rhyme","Silent h"],["rhinoceros","Silent h"],["school","Silent h"],["echo","Silent h"],["night","Silent gh"],["light","Silent gh"],["daughter","Silent gh"],["thought","Silent gh"],["though","Silent gh"],["high","Silent gh"],["neighbor","Silent gh"],["autumn","Silent n"],["column","Silent n"],["hymn","Silent n"],["condemn","Silent n"],["mortgage","Silent t"],["receipt","Silent p"],["psychology","Silent p"],["pneumonia","Silent p"],["raspberry","Silent p"],["cupboard","Silent p"],["pterodactyl","Silent p"],["bomb","Silent b"],["guess","Silent u"],["guitar","Silent u"],["guard","Silent u"],["build","Silent u"],["biscuit","Silent u"],["handsome","Silent d"],["sandwich","Silent d"],["handkerchief","Silent d"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-phonics-vowel-teams","id":"la-phonics-vowel-teams","title":"Phonics: Vowel Teams","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"Pairs of vowels (and vowel-consonant teams) and the sounds they make.","tags":["phonics","vowel teams"],"frontLabel":"Vowel team","backLabel":"Sound and example words","cards":[["ai","Long a: rain, train, snail"],["ay","Long a at the end of words: day, play, tray"],["ea (long e)","Long e: beach, leaf, dream"],["ea (short e)","Short e: bread, head, weather"],["ee","Long e: tree, feet, green"],["ie (long e)","Long e: field, chief, piece"],["ie (long i)","Long i at the end: pie, tie, lie"],["oa","Long o: boat, coat, soap"],["ow (long o)","Long o: snow, grow, yellow"],["ow (ou sound)","Like ouch: cow, town, clown"],["ou","Like ouch: house, cloud, mouth"],["oi","/oi/ inside words: coin, soil, point"],["oy","/oi/ at the end: boy, toy, enjoy"],["oo (long)","Long /oo/: moon, spoon, food"],["oo (short)","Short /oo/: book, foot, wood"],["ew","Long /oo/: new, grew, chew"],["ue","Long u or /oo/: blue, clue, true"],["ui","/oo/: fruit, suit, juice"],["au","/aw/: haul, sauce, August"],["aw","/aw/: saw, paw, straw"],["igh","Long i: high, night, light"],["ey","Long e or long a: key, monkey, they"],["ei","Long a: eight, vein, sleigh"],["eigh","Long a: eight, weigh, neighbor"],["eu","Long u: Europe, feud"],["ou (long o)","Long o: soul, though"],["ough","Many sounds: though, through, cough, tough"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-plurals-irregular","id":"la-plurals-irregular","title":"Irregular Plurals","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"Nouns that do not just add -s to become plural.","tags":["plurals","spelling","nouns"],"frontLabel":"Singular","backLabel":"Plural","cards":[["child","children"],["man","men"],["woman","women"],["person","people"],["foot","feet"],["tooth","teeth"],["goose","geese"],["mouse","mice"],["louse","lice"],["ox","oxen"],["sheep","sheep"],["deer","deer"],["fish","fish (or fishes for kinds of fish)"],["moose","moose"],["series","series"],["species","species"],["aircraft","aircraft"],["bison","bison"],["salmon","salmon"],["trout","trout"],["shrimp","shrimp (or shrimps)"],["leaf","leaves"],["knife","knives"],["life","lives"],["wife","wives"],["wolf","wolves"],["elf","elves"],["shelf","shelves"],["half","halves"],["calf","calves"],["loaf","loaves"],["thief","thieves"],["self","selves"],["scarf","scarves"],["hoof","hooves"],["dwarf","dwarfs or dwarves"],["roof","roofs"],["chief","chiefs"],["cliff","cliffs"],["belief","beliefs"],["proof","proofs"],["bus","buses"],["box","boxes"],["glass","glasses"],["dish","dishes"],["church","churches"],["fox","foxes"],["watch","watches"],["brush","brushes"],["class","classes"],["tomato","tomatoes"],["potato","potatoes"],["hero","heroes"],["echo","echoes"],["veto","vetoes"],["photo","photos"],["piano","pianos"],["radio","radios"],["zoo","zoos"],["kangaroo","kangaroos"],["studio","studios"],["video","videos"],["solo","solos"],["city","cities"],["baby","babies"],["puppy","puppies"],["fly","flies"],["berry","berries"],["story","stories"],["lady","ladies"],["party","parties"],["country","countries"],["family","families"],["key","keys"],["monkey","monkeys"],["day","days"],["boy","boys"],["toy","toys"],["valley","valleys"],["cactus","cacti or cactuses"],["fungus","fungi"],["nucleus","nuclei"],["radius","radii"],["stimulus","stimuli"],["alumnus","alumni"],["syllabus","syllabi or syllabuses"],["focus","foci or focuses"],["octopus","octopuses"],["crisis","crises"],["analysis","analyses"],["thesis","theses"],["hypothesis","hypotheses"],["diagnosis","diagnoses"],["oasis","oases"],["parenthesis","parentheses"],["axis","axes"],["bacterium","bacteria"],["datum","data"],["medium","media"],["curriculum","curricula"],["memorandum","memoranda"],["phenomenon","phenomena"],["criterion","criteria"],["appendix","appendices or appendixes"],["index","indices or indexes"],["vertex","vertices"],["matrix","matrices"],["formula","formulas or formulae"],["antenna","antennae or antennas"],["alga","algae"],["larva","larvae"],["vertebra","vertebrae"],["passerby","passersby"],["mother-in-law","mothers-in-law"],["brother-in-law","brothers-in-law"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-poetry-forms","id":"la-poetry-forms","title":"Poetry Forms and Terms","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8","9-12"],"description":"Kinds of poems and the words used to describe how poems are built.","tags":["poetry","forms"],"frontLabel":"Term","backLabel":"Definition","cards":[["haiku","A Japanese-style poem in three lines of 5, 7 and 5 syllables"],["tanka","A Japanese poem of five lines with 5, 7, 5, 7, 7 syllables"],["limerick","A funny five-line poem with an AABBA rhyme scheme"],["sonnet","A 14-line poem, often in iambic pentameter"],["Shakespearean sonnet","A sonnet with three quatrains and a couplet, rhyming ABAB CDCD EFEF GG"],["Petrarchan sonnet","A sonnet with an octave and a sestet"],["couplet","Two lines in a row that rhyme"],["tercet","A stanza of three lines"],["quatrain","A stanza of four lines"],["cinquain","A five-line poem with a set pattern of words or syllables"],["diamante","A diamond-shaped seven-line poem"],["acrostic","A poem where the first letters of lines spell a word"],["free verse","A poem without regular rhyme or meter"],["blank verse","Unrhymed poetry in iambic pentameter"],["ballad","A poem or song that tells a story"],["epic","A long poem about a hero's deeds"],["ode","A poem praising a person or thing"],["elegy","A poem of mourning"],["lyric poem","A short poem expressing feelings"],["narrative poem","A poem that tells a story"],["concrete poem","A poem shaped like its subject"],["shape poem","Another name for a concrete poem"],["villanelle","A 19-line poem with two repeating refrains"],["sestina","A 39-line poem with six repeated end words"],["clerihew","A funny four-line poem about a person"],["epigram","A short, witty saying in verse"],["nursery rhyme","A short traditional rhyme for children"],["stanza","A group of lines in a poem"],["verse","One line of a poem, or a stanza"],["line break","Where a line of a poem ends"],["rhyme","Matching end sounds in words"],["rhyme scheme","The pattern of rhymes at the end of lines"],["end rhyme","Rhyme at the ends of lines"],["internal rhyme","Rhyme within a line"],["slant rhyme","Words that almost rhyme"],["rhythm","The beat of the words"],["meter","The pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables"],["foot","A unit of meter"],["iamb","A foot with an unstressed then a stressed syllable"],["trochee","A foot with a stressed then an unstressed syllable"],["anapest","A foot with two unstressed then one stressed syllable"],["dactyl","A foot with one stressed then two unstressed syllables"],["pentameter","A line with five feet"],["tetrameter","A line with four feet"],["refrain","A line or phrase repeated in a poem or song"],["speaker","The voice that talks in a poem"],["enjambment","A sentence running over a line break"],["caesura","A pause inside a line"],["alliteration","Repeating beginning sounds"],["onomatopoeia","Words that sound like what they name"],["imagery","Words that create pictures in the mind"],["stanza break","A blank line between stanzas"],["volta","The turn in thought in a sonnet"],["rhyme couplet","A pair of rhyming lines"],["envelope rhyme","ABBA rhyme pattern"],["alexandrine","A line of six iambic feet"],["sprung rhythm","Rhythm based on counting stressed syllables only"],["slam poetry","A poem performed aloud in a competition style"],["spoken word","Poetry written to be performed"],["found poem","A poem made from words found elsewhere"],["list poem","A poem made as a list"],["pantoum","A poem with repeating lines in a set pattern"],["ghazal","A poem of couplets with a repeated word at the end of the second line"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-prefixes","id":"la-prefixes","title":"Prefixes","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"Word beginnings that change meaning.","tags":["prefixes","word parts"],"frontLabel":"Prefix","backLabel":"Meaning and examples","cards":[["un-","Not or opposite: unhappy, undo"],["re-","Again: redo, rewrite"],["dis-","Not or opposite: disagree, disappear"],["mis-","Wrongly: misspell, misread"],["pre-","Before: preview, preheat"],["in-","Not (before most letters): inactive, incorrect"],["im-","Not (before b, m, p): impossible, immature"],["il-","Not (before l): illegal, illogical"],["ir-","Not (before r): irregular, irresponsible"],["non-","Not: nonstop, nonfiction"],["over-","Too much: overeat, overdo"],["under-","Too little, or below: underpaid, underground"],["sub-","Under: submarine, subway"],["super-","Above or beyond: superhero, supermarket"],["inter-","Between: international, interact"],["trans-","Across: transport, transatlantic"],["semi-","Half: semicircle, semifinal"],["mid-","Middle: midnight, midway"],["fore-","Before: forecast, foresee"],["out-","Beyond or more than: outrun, outgrow"],["anti-","Against: antifreeze, antisocial"],["auto-","Self: autograph, automatic"],["bi-","Two: bicycle, biweekly"],["tri-","Three: triangle, tricycle"],["uni-","One: unicycle, uniform"],["multi-","Many: multicolor, multiply"],["poly-","Many: polygon, polyglot"],["mono-","One: monorail, monologue"],["de-","Opposite or remove: defrost, deform"],["en-","Make or put in: enlarge, encircle"],["em-","Make or put in: empower, embrace"],["ex-","Out or former: exit, ex-president"],["extra-","Beyond: extraordinary, extraterrestrial"],["hyper-","Over, too much: hyperactive"],["hypo-","Under: hypodermic"],["micro-","Very small: microscope"],["mega-","Very large: megaphone"],["milli-","One thousandth: milliliter"],["kilo-","One thousand: kilometer"],["centi-","One hundredth: centimeter"],["deci-","One tenth: decimeter"],["tele-","Far: telescope"],["photo-","Light: photograph"],["co-","Together: cooperate, coworker"],["con-","With or together: connect, convene"],["counter-","Against: counterclockwise"],["contra-","Against: contradict"],["pro-","For or forward: proceed, pro-peace"],["post-","After: postpone, postgame"],["ante-","Before: antecedent"],["intra-","Within: intrastate, intranet"],["circum-","Around: circumference"],["ambi-","Both: ambidextrous"],["pan-","All: panorama"],["omni-","All: omnivore"],["tetra-","Four: tetrahedron"],["penta-","Five: pentagon"],["hexa-","Six: hexagon"],["octo-","Eight: octopus, octagon"],["deca-","Ten: decade"],["dia-","Through or across: diameter"],["epi-","Upon: epidermis"],["peri-","Around: perimeter"],["a-","Without or not: asleep, amoral"],["mal-","Bad: malfunction"],["bene-","Good: benefit"],["equi-","Equal: equal, equator"],["homo-","Same: homophone"],["hetero-","Different: heterogeneous"],["neo-","New: neoclassical"],["paleo-","Old: paleontology"],["retro-","Backward: retrospect"],["sym-","Together: symphony"],["syn-","Together: synonym"],["vice-","In place of: vice president"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-proverbs","id":"la-proverbs","title":"Proverbs and Their Meanings","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8","9-12"],"description":"Wise old sayings and what they teach.","tags":["proverbs","sayings"],"frontLabel":"Proverb","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["A stitch in time saves nine","Fix a small problem early so it does not become big"],["Actions speak louder than words","What you do shows more than what you say"],["All that glitters is not gold","Things that look nice may not be valuable"],["A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush","It is better to keep what you have than risk it for more"],["A picture is worth a thousand words","An image can tell a lot"],["Better late than never","It is better to do something late than not at all"],["Birds of a feather flock together","People who are alike stay together"],["Don't count your chickens before they hatch","Do not rely on something that has not happened yet"],["Don't put all your eggs in one basket","Do not risk everything on one thing"],["Don't judge a book by its cover","Do not decide by looks alone"],["Every cloud has a silver lining","There is something good in every bad situation"],["Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise","Good habits help you do well in life"],["Honesty is the best policy","Telling the truth is always the best choice"],["If at first you don't succeed, try, try again","Keep trying until you get it"],["It takes two to tango","Both sides share in a quarrel or effort"],["Look before you leap","Think before you act"],["Many hands make light work","A job is easier with many helpers"],["Necessity is the mother of invention","Need pushes people to invent things"],["No pain, no gain","You must work hard to get results"],["One bad apple spoils the barrel","One bad person can spoil a whole group"],["Practice makes perfect","Doing something often makes you better"],["The early bird catches the worm","The one who starts first has the best chance"],["The pen is mightier than the sword","Words can do more than force"],["There's no place like home","Home is the best place to be"],["Two wrongs don't make a right","Doing bad because of bad does not fix anything"],["Too many cooks spoil the broth","Too many people on a job can ruin it"],["When in Rome, do as the Romans do","Follow the customs of the place you are in"],["You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it drink","You can offer help, but cannot force someone to take it"],["A friend in need is a friend indeed","A true friend helps you when you need it"],["A rolling stone gathers no moss","People who keep moving do not settle down or get stuck"],["Absence makes the heart grow fonder","Missing people makes you love them more"],["All good things must come to an end","Nothing lasts forever"],["A penny saved is a penny earned","Saving money is as good as making it"],["Beggars can't be choosers","If you need something badly, you cannot be picky"],["Curiosity killed the cat","Too much asking can lead to trouble"],["Do unto others as you would have them do unto you","Treat others how you want to be treated"],["Easy come, easy go","What is gained easily is lost easily"],["Fortune favors the bold","Brave people are often lucky"],["Good things come to those who wait","Patience brings rewards"],["Great minds think alike","Smart people often have the same ideas"],["Haste makes waste","Rushing leads to mistakes"],["He who laughs last laughs best","The final winner is the happiest"],["Home is where the heart is","Home is wherever you feel loved"],["If the shoe fits, wear it","If a criticism fits you, accept it"],["Laughter is the best medicine","Laughing helps you feel better"],["Let bygones be bygones","Forget old arguments"],["Look on the bright side","Think about the good parts"],["Out of sight, out of mind","We forget what we do not see"],["Patience is a virtue","Waiting calmly is a good quality"],["Rome wasn't built in a day","Great things take time"],["The grass is always greener on the other side","Other people's situations seem better than ours"],["The squeaky wheel gets the grease","The one who complains most gets attention"],["There's no smoke without fire","Rumors usually have some truth"],["Slow and steady wins the race","Steady effort beats fast but sloppy work"],["Time is money","Time is valuable, so do not waste it"],["United we stand, divided we fall","Together we are strong"],["Where there's a will, there's a way","If you want it enough, you will find a way"],["You can't teach an old dog new tricks","It is hard to change old habits"],["You reap what you sow","What you do comes back to you"],["A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step","Big goals start with small first steps"],["Knowledge is power","Learning gives you strength"],["Better safe than sorry","Be careful to avoid trouble later"],["Two heads are better than one","Working together gives better ideas"],["Waste not, want not","If you use things wisely, you will have enough"],["Walk a mile in someone's shoes","Try to understand another person's life"],["The best things in life are free","Love, friendship and nature cost nothing"],["Little strokes fell great oaks","Small steady efforts can do great things"],["Don't bite the hand that feeds you","Do not hurt people who help you"],["Don't cry over spilled milk","Do not be upset about what cannot be undone"],["Fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me","Learn from being tricked"],["The proof of the pudding is in the eating","You judge something by how it works"],["Beauty is in the eye of the beholder","People see beauty differently"],["Variety is the spice of life","Different things make life interesting"],["A watched pot never boils","Time seems slow when you wait for something"],["Every dog has its day","Everyone gets a turn to shine"],["Out of the frying pan into the fire","From a bad situation to a worse one"],["Strike while the iron is hot","Act at the best moment"],["The apple doesn't fall far from the tree","Children often resemble their parents"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-punctuation-rules","id":"la-punctuation-rules","title":"Punctuation Marks and Rules","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"What each punctuation mark does and when to use it.","tags":["punctuation","writing"],"frontLabel":"Mark or rule","backLabel":"Use","cards":[["period","Ends a statement or command"],["question mark","Ends a question"],["exclamation point","Shows strong feeling or a shout"],["comma in a list","Separate three or more items: red, blue, and green"],["comma after introductory words","After words that begin a sentence: First, wash your hands"],["comma before a conjunction","Join two complete sentences: I ran, and she walked"],["comma in direct address","Separate a name: Maya, come here"],["comma in dates","Between day and year: July 4, 1776"],["comma in addresses","Between city and state: Austin, Texas"],["comma in a letter greeting","After Dear Sam"],["comma after yes or no","Yes, I will"],["comma with quotations","Separate a speaker from the quote: She said, \"Hello\""],["comma with appositive","Sets off a renaming phrase: My dog, Rex, barks"],["semicolon","Joins two closely related complete sentences"],["semicolon in a list","Separates items that already contain commas"],["colon before a list","After a full statement: You need three things: a pen, paper and time"],["colon in time","Separates hours and minutes: 3:30"],["colon after a business greeting","Dear Sir or Madam:"],["apostrophe in a contraction","Shows missing letters: can't"],["apostrophe for possession","Shows ownership: Tom's hat"],["apostrophe never in plurals","Plural of dog is dogs, not dog's"],["quotation marks","Show a speaker's exact words"],["quotation marks for titles","Short works: poems, songs, articles"],["italics or underline","Titles of long works: books, movies, magazines"],["hyphen","Joins words: well-known, twenty-one"],["hyphen at line end","Splits a word between syllables"],["en dash","Shows a range: pages 10-20"],["em dash","A strong break or interruption in a sentence"],["parentheses","Enclose extra information"],["brackets","Enclose added words inside a quote"],["ellipsis","Three dots showing omitted words or a pause"],["slash","Shows alternatives: and/or"],["Capital at start","Every sentence begins with a capital letter"],["Period in abbreviation","Mr., Dr., St."],["Comma splice","Do not join two sentences with only a comma"],["Quotation ending","Periods and commas go inside the closing quotation mark"],["Question inside quotation","Question mark inside if the quote is the question"],["Dialogue paragraphs","Start a new paragraph when a new person speaks"],["Colon vs. semicolon","Colon introduces; semicolon joins"],["Oxford comma","The comma before and in a list: apples, pears, and plums"],["Comma between adjectives","Use when you can swap the order or put and between: a tall, strong tree"],["Comma before a tag question","You are coming, aren't you?"],["Commas with nonessential phrases","Set off extra information: My sister, who is ten, swims"],["Run-on fix","Use a period, semicolon or conjunction"],["Exclamation overuse","Use sparingly so it keeps its power"],["Possessive of plural nouns","Add an apostrophe after the s: the dogs' bowls"],["Possessive of names ending in s","Add 's or just an apostrophe: James's or James'"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-rhyming-families","id":"la-rhyming-families","title":"Rhyming Word Families","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["pre-k","k-2"],"description":"Word endings that make rhymes, with words that belong to them.","tags":["rhyming","word families","phonics"],"frontLabel":"Word family","backLabel":"Words in the family","cards":[["-at","cat, bat, hat, mat, rat, sat, flat"],["-an","can, fan, man, pan, ran, van, plan"],["-ap","cap, map, nap, tap, lap, clap, trap"],["-ag","bag, tag, wag, rag, flag, drag"],["-am","ham, jam, ram, dam, yam, slam"],["-ad","bad, dad, had, mad, pad, sad"],["-ack","back, black, pack, snack, track, stack"],["-ill","hill, fill, bill, mill, will, spill"],["-ig","big, dig, fig, pig, wig, twig"],["-in","bin, fin, pin, tin, win, spin"],["-ip","dip, hip, lip, rip, ship, trip"],["-it","bit, fit, hit, kit, sit, spit"],["-ick","kick, lick, pick, sick, stick, quick"],["-ing","king, ring, sing, wing, spring, bring"],["-ink","pink, sink, wink, think, drink, blink"],["-ock","clock, dock, lock, rock, sock, block"],["-op","cop, hop, mop, pop, top, stop"],["-ot","cot, dot, hot, not, pot, spot"],["-og","dog, fog, hog, log, frog, jog"],["-ob","cob, job, mob, rob, sob"],["-uck","duck, luck, truck, stuck, buck"],["-ug","bug, hug, mug, rug, jug, plug"],["-un","bun, fun, run, sun, spun, stun"],["-ut","but, cut, hut, nut, shut"],["-ump","bump, jump, lump, pump, stump"],["-unk","bunk, junk, skunk, trunk"],["-est","best, nest, pest, rest, west, chest"],["-et","bet, get, jet, net, pet, wet"],["-ell","bell, tell, sell, well, shell, smell"],["-en","den, hen, men, pen, ten, then"],["-ed","bed, fed, red, led, shed, sled"],["-eck","deck, neck, check, speck"],["-ake","bake, cake, lake, make, take, snake"],["-ate","date, gate, late, plate, skate, state"],["-ame","came, game, name, same, tame, flame"],["-ail","mail, nail, pail, sail, tail, snail"],["-ain","gain, main, pain, rain, train, brain"],["-ay","day, hay, may, play, say, stay"],["-ee","bee, see, tree, free, three"],["-eep","beep, deep, jeep, keep, sleep, sheep"],["-eat","beat, heat, meat, neat, seat, treat"],["-ime","dime, lime, time, climb, crime"],["-ice","dice, mice, nice, rice, twice, slice"],["-ide","hide, ride, side, wide, slide, tide"],["-ine","fine, line, mine, nine, pine, shine"],["-ight","fight, light, might, night, right, sight"],["-ike","bike, hike, like, spike, strike"],["-ow","bow, cow, how, now, wow, brow"],["-ow (long o)","blow, flow, grow, know, show, slow"],["-oat","boat, coat, goat, float, throat"],["-old","bold, cold, fold, gold, hold, told"],["-ose","hose, nose, rose, close, those"],["-ore","bore, core, more, shore, store, wore"],["-ound","found, ground, hound, round, sound"],["-ouse","house, louse, mouse, spouse"],["-ar","bar, car, far, jar, star, scar"],["-air","chair, fair, hair, pair, stair"],["-ear","dear, fear, hear, near, year"],["-ook","book, cook, hook, look, took"],["-ool","cool, fool, pool, school, stool"],["-oon","moon, noon, soon, spoon, balloon"],["-ush","brush, crush, flush, hush, rush"],["-ash","cash, crash, dash, flash, splash"],["-ish","dish, fish, wish"],["-ing (family)","ding, fling, sling, sting, thing"],["-ung","hung, lung, rung, sung, young"],["-ank","bank, drank, sank, tank, thank"],["-ant","ant, can't, pant, plant"],["-and","band, hand, land, sand, stand"],["-ang","bang, gang, hang, rang, sang"],["-all","ball, call, fall, hall, small, tall"],["-alk","chalk, stalk, talk, walk"],["-ew","blew, chew, crew, drew, flew, grew, new"],["-oo","boo, goo, moo, shoe, zoo"],["-ue","blue, clue, glue, true"],["-own","brown, crown, down, gown, town"],["-oy","boy, joy, toy, enjoy"],["-oil","boil, coil, foil, oil, soil"],["-aw","claw, draw, jaw, paw, saw, straw"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-similes-metaphors","id":"la-similes-metaphors","title":"Similes and Metaphors","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"Famous comparisons and which figure of speech they use.","tags":["simile","metaphor","figurative language"],"frontLabel":"Comparison","backLabel":"Type and meaning","cards":[["as busy as a bee","Simile: very busy"],["as quiet as a mouse","Simile: very quiet"],["as brave as a lion","Simile: very brave"],["as light as a feather","Simile: very light"],["as slow as a snail","Simile: very slow"],["as cold as ice","Simile: very cold"],["as sly as a fox","Simile: clever and tricky"],["as strong as an ox","Simile: very strong"],["as proud as a peacock","Simile: very proud"],["as blind as a bat","Simile: unable to see well"],["as gentle as a lamb","Simile: very gentle"],["as stubborn as a mule","Simile: very stubborn"],["as sweet as honey","Simile: very sweet"],["as good as gold","Simile: very well behaved"],["as flat as a pancake","Simile: completely flat"],["as hungry as a horse","Simile: very hungry"],["as cool as a cucumber","Simile: very calm"],["as clear as crystal","Simile: easy to understand"],["as dry as a bone","Simile: completely dry"],["as old as the hills","Simile: very old"],["as right as rain","Simile: perfectly fine"],["as bright as the sun","Simile: very bright"],["as fresh as a daisy","Simile: full of energy"],["as happy as a clam","Simile: very content"],["as thin as a rail","Simile: very thin"],["as white as snow","Simile: very white"],["as tough as nails","Simile: very strong or hard"],["as wise as an owl","Simile: very wise"],["as playful as a puppy","Simile: very playful"],["run like the wind","Simile: run very fast"],["sleep like a log","Simile: sleep deeply"],["sing like a bird","Simile: sing beautifully"],["eat like a bird","Simile: eat very little"],["swim like a fish","Simile: swim very well"],["shine like a star","Simile: be very bright or special"],["time is money","Metaphor: time is valuable"],["life is a roller coaster","Metaphor: life has ups and downs"],["the world is a stage","Metaphor: people play roles in life"],["my brother is a pig at dinner","Metaphor: he eats messily"],["the classroom was a zoo","Metaphor: the room was wild and noisy"],["her smile is sunshine","Metaphor: her smile brings happiness"],["the road was a ribbon","Metaphor: the road was long and thin"],["the clouds were cotton balls","Metaphor: clouds looked soft and white"],["he is a rock","Metaphor: he is steady and reliable"],["the moon is a silver coin","Metaphor: the moon looks round and shiny"],["life is a journey","Metaphor: life has many stages and paths"],["books are windows","Metaphor: books show the world"],["laughter is music","Metaphor: laughter is pleasing to hear"],["the snow is a blanket","Metaphor: snow covers the ground"],["her voice is velvet","Metaphor: her voice is soft and smooth"],["my room is a disaster zone","Metaphor: it is very messy"],["the stars are diamonds","Metaphor: stars sparkle in the sky"],["words are weapons","Metaphor: words can hurt or help"],["the city is a jungle","Metaphor: the city is wild and busy"],["the test was a breeze","Metaphor: it was easy"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-story-elements","id":"la-story-elements","title":"Story Elements and Reading Skills","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"The parts of a story and the skills readers use to understand it.","tags":["reading","story elements","comprehension"],"frontLabel":"Term","backLabel":"What it means","cards":[["character","Who the story is about"],["setting","Where and when the story happens"],["plot","What happens in the story"],["problem","The trouble the characters face"],["solution","How the problem is solved"],["beginning","Where the story introduces characters and setting"],["middle","Where the problem grows"],["end","Where the problem is solved"],["main idea","What a text is mostly about"],["supporting details","Facts that back up the main idea"],["theme","The lesson or message of a story"],["summary","A short retelling of the important parts"],["sequence","The order in which events happen"],["cause","Why something happens"],["effect","What happens as a result"],["compare","To tell how things are alike"],["contrast","To tell how things are different"],["fact","Something that can be proven true"],["opinion","What someone thinks or feels"],["inference","A smart guess from clues"],["prediction","A guess about what will happen next"],["context clues","Hints in the text that help explain a word"],["author's purpose","Why the author wrote it: to inform, persuade or entertain"],["point of view","Who is telling the story"],["visualize","To make a picture in your mind while reading"],["connection","Linking a text to yourself, another text, or the world"],["text feature","A heading, caption or bold word that helps readers"],["heading","A title for a section"],["caption","Words that explain a picture"],["glossary","A mini dictionary at the back of a book"],["index","An alphabetical list of topics at the back with page numbers"],["table of contents","A list of chapters and page numbers at the front"],["bold print","Heavy type that shows an important word"],["diagram","A labeled drawing"],["genre","A type of writing"],["fiction","Made-up stories"],["nonfiction","True information"],["narrator","The one who tells the story"],["dialogue","Characters talking"],["conflict","A struggle between forces"],["climax","The most exciting part"],["resolution","The way the story's problem ends"],["mood","The feeling of the story"],["tone","The attitude of the author"],["evidence","Facts or quotes that prove a point"],["claim","A statement you argue is true"],["reasoning","The logic linking evidence to a claim"],["fluency","Reading smoothly with expression"],["decoding","Using letter sounds to read a word"],["comprehension","Understanding what you read"],["skim","To read quickly for the main idea"],["scan","To look quickly for specific information"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-suffixes","id":"la-suffixes","title":"Suffixes","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"Word endings that change meaning or part of speech.","tags":["suffixes","word parts"],"frontLabel":"Suffix","backLabel":"Meaning and examples","cards":[["-s / -es","More than one: cats, boxes"],["-ed","Happened in the past: jumped, walked"],["-ing","Happening now: running, playing"],["-er","One who or more: teacher, taller"],["-est","Most: tallest, fastest"],["-ly","In a way: quickly, gladly"],["-ful","Full of: helpful, joyful"],["-less","Without: hopeless, careless"],["-able","Can be done: readable, washable"],["-ible","Can be done: edible, flexible"],["-ness","State of being: kindness, sadness"],["-ment","Act or result: enjoyment, movement"],["-tion","Act or state: action, invention"],["-sion","Act or state: tension, vision"],["-ation","Act or result: celebration, education"],["-ity","State or quality: ability, activity"],["-ous","Full of: famous, dangerous"],["-ious","Full of: curious, furious"],["-ive","Tending to: active, creative"],["-al","Relating to: musical, national"],["-ial","Relating to: social, special"],["-ic","Relating to: heroic, artistic"],["-y","Characterized by: sunny, rainy"],["-ish","Somewhat like: childish, reddish"],["-en","Make or made of: darken, wooden"],["-ify","Make: simplify, purify"],["-ize","Make or become: modernize, memorize"],["-ate","Make or become: activate, create"],["-ence","State or quality: patience, absence"],["-ance","State or quality: importance, performance"],["-ant","One who or being: assistant, elegant"],["-ent","One who or being: student, different"],["-ism","Belief or practice: heroism, tourism"],["-ist","One who does: artist, scientist"],["-or","One who does: actor, doctor"],["-ee","One who receives: employee, trainee"],["-ship","State or skill: friendship, leadership"],["-hood","State or time of: childhood, neighborhood"],["-dom","State or realm: freedom, kingdom"],["-ward","Direction: backward, homeward"],["-wise","In the manner of: clockwise, otherwise"],["-ology","Study of: biology, geology"],["-phobia","Fear of: claustrophobia"],["-ette","Small: kitchenette, cigarette"],["-let","Small: booklet, piglet"],["-ling","Young or small: duckling, gosling"],["-some","Tending to: awesome, tiresome"],["-ery","Place or practice: bakery, bravery"],["-th","State or number: strength, fourth"],["-ty","Quality: safety, loyalty"],["-cy","State: accuracy, democracy"],["-ure","Action or result: pressure, closure"],["-age","Action or result: package, damage"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-synonyms-advanced","id":"la-synonyms-advanced","title":"Synonyms: Stronger Words","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8","9-12"],"description":"Richer words that stand in for everyday ones.","tags":["synonyms","vocabulary","word choice"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Stronger synonyms","cards":[["said","declared, stated, remarked"],["walked","strolled, trudged, marched"],["looked","gazed, glanced, peered"],["big","enormous, colossal, immense"],["small","minuscule, petite, compact"],["good","excellent, superb, admirable"],["bad","dreadful, poor, inferior"],["happy","elated, delighted, content"],["sad","sorrowful, mournful, dejected"],["angry","furious, irate, indignant"],["scared","terrified, petrified, alarmed"],["tired","exhausted, drained, weary"],["smart","intelligent, brilliant, astute"],["funny","amusing, comical, hilarious"],["important","significant, vital, crucial"],["interesting","fascinating, intriguing, absorbing"],["hard","arduous, demanding, strenuous"],["easy","effortless, straightforward, simple"],["beautiful","gorgeous, stunning, exquisite"],["ugly","repulsive, unsightly, grotesque"],["help","assist, aid, support"],["show","display, exhibit, reveal"],["think","ponder, consider, reflect"],["use","utilize, employ, apply"],["get","obtain, acquire, receive"],["give","grant, provide, bestow"],["make","create, produce, construct"],["fast","swift, brisk, hasty"],["slow","gradual, leisurely, unhurried"],["brave","valiant, heroic, intrepid"],["afraid","fearful, apprehensive, timid"],["pretty","charming, appealing, lovely"],["rude","impolite, discourteous, crude"],["honest","truthful, sincere, candid"],["lazy","idle, sluggish, lethargic"],["clever","shrewd, ingenious, resourceful"],["calm","serene, tranquil, peaceful"],["nervous","anxious, uneasy, jittery"],["proud","pleased, boastful, triumphant"],["mean","cruel, spiteful, malicious"],["stubborn","obstinate, headstrong, unyielding"],["generous","giving, charitable, lavish"],["rich","affluent, wealthy, prosperous"],["poor","impoverished, needy, destitute"],["strange","peculiar, odd, unusual"],["famous","renowned, celebrated, well-known"],["dangerous","hazardous, perilous, risky"],["careful","cautious, prudent, watchful"],["sudden","abrupt, unexpected, swift"],["huge","tremendous, vast, gigantic"],["brief","short, concise, fleeting"],["begin","commence, initiate, launch"],["finish","conclude, complete, accomplish"],["ask","inquire, question, request"],["answer","respond, reply, retort"],["stop","cease, halt, discontinue"],["choose","select, elect, opt for"],["want","desire, crave, wish for"],["need","require, demand, necessitate"],["explain","clarify, describe, illustrate"],["change","alter, modify, transform"],["keep","retain, preserve, maintain"],["steal","pilfer, swipe, snatch"],["run","sprint, dash, bolt"],["cry","weep, sob, wail"],["laugh","chuckle, giggle, chortle"],["shout","bellow, exclaim, roar"],["eat","consume, devour, nibble"],["guess","speculate, estimate, surmise"],["quiet","hushed, subdued, tranquil"],["shy","bashful, timid, reserved"],["tidy","orderly, neat, spotless"],["odd","bizarre, curious, eccentric"],["fake","counterfeit, bogus, artificial"],["true","genuine, authentic, accurate"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-synonyms-easy","id":"la-synonyms-easy","title":"Synonyms: Words That Mean the Same","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2","3-5"],"description":"Pairs of words with nearly the same meaning.","tags":["synonyms","vocabulary"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Synonyms","cards":[["big","large, huge, giant"],["small","little, tiny, mini"],["happy","glad, joyful, cheerful"],["sad","unhappy, gloomy, blue"],["fast","quick, speedy, rapid"],["slow","sluggish, unhurried, leisurely"],["smart","clever, bright, wise"],["begin","start, open, launch"],["end","finish, stop, close"],["pretty","lovely, beautiful, attractive"],["ugly","unsightly, plain, hideous"],["look","see, watch, glance"],["walk","stroll, step, wander"],["run","dash, race, sprint"],["talk","speak, chat, say"],["shout","yell, holler, cry out"],["quiet","silent, still, hushed"],["loud","noisy, booming, blaring"],["angry","mad, upset, furious"],["scared","afraid, frightened, fearful"],["hard","difficult, tough, challenging"],["easy","simple, effortless, plain"],["rich","wealthy, well-off, prosperous"],["cold","chilly, cool, freezing"],["hot","warm, boiling, scorching"],["wet","damp, soaked, moist"],["dry","parched, arid, bone-dry"],["clean","spotless, neat, tidy"],["dirty","filthy, grimy, messy"],["nice","kind, pleasant, friendly"],["unkind","cruel, mean, harsh"],["brave","bold, fearless, courageous"],["strong","mighty, powerful, sturdy"],["weak","feeble, frail, delicate"],["old","aged, ancient, elderly"],["new","fresh, modern, recent"],["shiny","bright, gleaming, sparkling"],["jump","leap, hop, spring"],["hurry","rush, hasten, dash"],["choose","pick, select, decide on"],["wrong","incorrect, mistaken, false"],["right","correct, proper, accurate"],["tired","sleepy, weary, worn out"],["close","near, nearby, next to"],["tell","say, inform, announce"],["unhappy","sad, sorrowful, down"],["joke","gag, funny story, jest"],["rest","relax, pause, nap"],["fix","repair, mend, patch"],["mistake","error, slip, blunder"],["shut","close, seal, fasten"],["mad","angry, cross, upset"],["tiny","little, wee, minute"],["boat","ship, vessel, craft"],["car","auto, automobile, vehicle"],["home","house, dwelling, residence"],["kid","child, youngster, youth"],["sofa","couch, settee, divan"],["dinner","supper, meal, feast"],["trip","journey, voyage, outing"],["simple","easy, plain, clear"],["silly","goofy, foolish, funny"],["glad","pleased, happy, delighted"],["sick","ill, unwell, ailing"],["guess","estimate, suppose, predict"],["smell","scent, odor, aroma"],["road","street, path, highway"],["pal","friend, buddy, chum"],["huge","enormous, gigantic, immense"],["stop","halt, cease, quit"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-1-2","id":"la-vocab-grade-1-2","title":"Vocabulary: Grades 1-2","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["k-2"],"description":"Useful words for early readers, with kid-friendly meanings.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 1","grade 2"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["adventure","An exciting trip or event"],["afraid","Feeling fear"],["alone","By yourself"],["angry","Feeling mad"],["beautiful","Very pretty"],["believe","To think something is true"],["borrow","To take something for a short time and give it back"],["brave","Not afraid to do hard things"],["careful","Taking care so nothing goes wrong"],["cheerful","Happy and bright"],["choose","To pick"],["clever","Quick to learn and smart"],["collect","To gather things together"],["comfortable","Feeling relaxed and cozy"],["curious","Wanting to learn or know more"],["decide","To make up your mind"],["describe","To tell what something is like"],["difficult","Not easy"],["discover","To find something new"],["enormous","Very, very big"],["excited","Full of joy and energy"],["explore","To travel to learn about a place"],["famous","Known by many people"],["favorite","The one you like best"],["frighten","To make someone scared"],["gentle","Soft and careful, not rough"],["giant","Very large"],["grateful","Thankful"],["hurry","To move fast"],["imagine","To make a picture in your mind"],["invite","To ask someone to come"],["journey","A long trip"],["kindness","Being nice and caring"],["laughter","The sound of laughing"],["lonely","Sad because you are alone"],["marvelous","Wonderful"],["messy","Not neat"],["mighty","Very strong"],["nervous","Worried about what will happen"],["neighbor","A person who lives near you"],["noisy","Making a lot of sound"],["patient","Able to wait calmly"],["peaceful","Quiet and calm"],["perfect","Without any mistakes"],["polite","Having good manners"],["promise","To say you will surely do something"],["protect","To keep safe"],["puzzle","A game or problem to solve"],["quiet","Making little or no sound"],["remember","To bring back to mind"],["shiny","Bright and sparkly"],["silly","Funny in a goofy way"],["surprise","Something you did not expect"],["tiny","Very small"],["treasure","Gold, jewels or something loved"],["uncomfortable","Not cozy or at ease"],["visit","To go and see someone or somewhere"],["whisper","To speak very softly"],["wonder","To think about and ask questions"],["worried","Thinking something bad may happen"],["young","Not old"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-10","id":"la-vocab-grade-10","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 10","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["9-12"],"description":"Grade 10 words with clear definitions.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 10"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["acquiesce","To agree without protest"],["affable","Friendly and easy to talk to"],["ameliorate","To make better"],["anomaly","Something that does not fit the pattern"],["aplomb","Self-confidence"],["ardent","Passionate"],["ascetic","Living with strict self-denial"],["assiduous","Hardworking"],["audacity","Boldness"],["bellicose","Eager to fight"],["bucolic","Relating to countryside life"],["capricious","Changing mood suddenly"],["caustic","Biting or burning in tone"],["chicanery","Trickery"],["circumvent","To go around"],["clemency","Mercy"],["cohesive","Sticking together well"],["compunction","A pang of guilty feeling"],["copious","In large amounts"],["cursory","Hasty and not thorough"],["daunting","Seeming hard and scary"],["denounce","To publicly condemn"],["derelict","Neglected; abandoned"],["desultory","Lacking a plan"],["diatribe","A bitter verbal attack"],["discrepancy","A difference between things that should match"],["disparage","To speak of as having little value"],["dissuade","To talk someone out of something"],["effervescent","Bubbly"],["egregious","Outstandingly bad"],["empirical","Based on observation"],["enervate","To drain of energy"],["ephemeral","Short-lived"],["equanimity","Calmness under stress"],["exacting","Demanding great care"],["exhort","To strongly urge"],["extol","To praise highly"],["fallacy","A mistaken belief"],["fervent","Showing intense feeling"],["flagrant","Shockingly obvious"],["fledgling","New and inexperienced"],["fractious","Irritable and quarrelsome"],["furtive","Sneaky"],["gregarious","Sociable"],["guile","Sly cunning"],["hackneyed","Overused"],["iconoclast","One who attacks cherished beliefs"],["impetus","A force that starts something moving"],["implacable","Unable to be calmed"],["inclement","Stormy or harsh weather"],["incongruous","Out of place"],["indolent","Lazy"],["inexorable","Impossible to stop"],["insidious","Sneakily harmful"],["intrepid","Fearless"],["irascible","Easily angered"],["laconic","Using few words"],["laud","To praise"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-11","id":"la-vocab-grade-11","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 11","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["9-12"],"description":"Grade 11 words with clear definitions.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 11","college prep"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["abstruse","Hard to understand"],["acerbic","Sharp and harsh in tone"],["admonish","To warn gently but firmly"],["anachronism","Something out of its proper time"],["anathema","A thing strongly disliked"],["apocryphal","Of doubtful authenticity"],["appease","To calm by giving in"],["arcane","Known by few; mysterious"],["auspicious","Suggesting a good future"],["avarice","Greed for wealth"],["beguile","To charm or trick"],["bombastic","High-sounding but meaningless"],["cajole","To persuade with flattery"],["censorious","Severely critical"],["charlatan","A person who fakes skill"],["churlish","Rude and bad-tempered"],["cloying","Too sweet"],["conundrum","A confusing problem"],["countenance","A person's face or expression"],["deleterious","Harmful"],["demur","To object politely"],["despot","A ruler with absolute power"],["disabuse","To free from a false belief"],["efficacious","Producing the wanted result"],["enmity","Deep hostility"],["ennui","Boredom"],["ephemeral","Short-lived"],["equivocate","To use unclear words to avoid commitment"],["esoteric","Understood by only a few"],["exculpate","To clear from blame"],["exigent","Urgent"],["extant","Still existing"],["facetious","Joking at the wrong time"],["fatuous","Silly"],["fecund","Fertile"],["fulminate","To protest loudly"],["gainsay","To deny"],["gauche","Awkward socially"],["grandiloquent","Using fancy language"],["hegemony","Leadership or dominance by one group"],["histrionic","Overly dramatic"],["hubris","Excessive pride"],["impecunious","Having little money"],["inchoate","Just begun, not formed"],["ineffable","Too great to be put in words"],["insipid","Lacking flavor or interest"],["inveterate","Long established"],["lachrymose","Tearful"],["loquacious","Talkative"],["lugubrious","Mournful"],["malleable","Easily shaped"],["mendacious","Lying"],["mercurial","Quickly changing in mood"],["misanthrope","One who dislikes people"],["mollify","To soothe"],["obdurate","Stubbornly refusing"],["obsequious","Too eager to please"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-12","id":"la-vocab-grade-12","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 12","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["9-12","college"],"description":"Advanced words for college-bound readers, with clear definitions.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 12","college prep"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["acumen","Sharp judgment, especially in business"],["alacrity","Quick, cheerful eagerness"],["ambiguity","Uncertainty of meaning"],["ameliorate","To make better"],["anomalous","Not following the usual pattern"],["antediluvian","Extremely old-fashioned"],["apotheosis","The perfect example or highest point"],["approbation","Approval"],["ascertain","To find out for certain"],["assuage","To make less severe"],["attenuate","To make thinner or weaker"],["axiom","A statement accepted as true"],["bellwether","A leader or indicator of trends"],["byzantine","Very complicated"],["cacophonous","Harsh-sounding"],["canonical","Accepted as a standard"],["capitulate","To give in"],["cathartic","Bringing emotional release"],["circuitous","Taking a long, roundabout way"],["cognizant","Aware"],["commensurate","In proportion to"],["conflagration","A large destructive fire"],["connotation","An idea suggested by a word beyond its literal meaning"],["consternation","Dismay or alarm"],["cynosure","A center of attention"],["dearth","A scarcity"],["debacle","A total failure"],["decry","To publicly condemn"],["dichotomy","A division into two opposite parts"],["diffident","Shy and lacking confidence"],["dilettante","A person with shallow interest in a subject"],["discursive","Wandering from topic to topic"],["disingenuous","Not sincere"],["dissonance","Harsh clash of sounds or ideas"],["ebullient","Overflowing with enthusiasm"],["effrontery","Shameless boldness"],["elegy","A sad poem for someone who died"],["empirical","Based on evidence"],["epitome","A perfect example"],["equitable","Fair"],["erroneous","Wrong"],["evanescent","Quickly fading"],["exacerbate","To make worse"],["exhaustive","Complete in every detail"],["exigency","An urgent need"],["fastidious","Hard to please"],["fortitude","Strength of mind in hard times"],["gratuitous","Given without good reason"],["harbinger","A sign of what is coming"],["idyllic","Peaceful and charming"],["imperturbable","Unable to be upset"],["indefatigable","Never tiring"],["ingenuous","Innocent and open"],["inimical","Harmful or hostile"],["insurmountable","Too great to overcome"],["juxtapose","To place side by side for contrast"],["lassitude","Weariness"],["magnanimity","Generosity of spirit"],["perfunctory","Done with little care"],["pernicious","Very harmful"],["perspicacious","Having keen insight"],["pithy","Short and full of meaning"],["quixotic","Idealistic but impractical"],["recalcitrant","Stubbornly resisting"],["sanguine","Cheerfully hopeful"],["sycophant","A person who flatters for gain"],["taciturn","Saying very little"],["tenuous","Weak or thin"],["trepidation","Fearful worry"],["vicissitude","A change of circumstances"],["vociferous","Loud and forceful"],["zealous","Full of eager energy"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-3","id":"la-vocab-grade-3","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 3","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5"],"description":"Grade 3 words with plain meanings.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 3"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["ancient","Very, very old"],["announce","To tell something to everyone"],["anxious","Worried or uneasy"],["appear","To come into sight"],["arrange","To put in order"],["attempt","To try"],["awkward","Clumsy or uncomfortable"],["bargain","Something bought for less than usual"],["brilliant","Very bright or very smart"],["cautious","Careful to avoid danger"],["challenge","A hard task that tests you"],["common","Seen or found often"],["compare","To look at how things are alike or different"],["complete","Finished; having all its parts"],["confused","Not able to think clearly"],["consider","To think about carefully"],["courage","Bravery"],["delicate","Easily broken or hurt"],["depart","To leave"],["destroy","To ruin completely"],["determined","Firmly set on doing something"],["distance","How far apart two things are"],["dread","To fear something that will happen"],["eager","Very keen to do something"],["edge","The outside border of something"],["emergency","A sudden dangerous event needing quick help"],["enjoy","To get pleasure from"],["entire","Whole"],["escape","To get free"],["examine","To look at closely"],["expect","To think something will happen"],["fair","Just and equal for all"],["foolish","Lacking good sense"],["fragile","Easy to break"],["gather","To bring together"],["generous","Happy to give and share"],["glance","A quick look"],["guide","To show the way"],["harbor","A safe place for ships"],["hesitate","To pause before doing something"],["huge","Extremely large"],["ignore","To pay no attention to"],["immediately","Right away"],["important","Having great value or meaning"],["inform","To give facts to"],["interrupt","To break in while someone speaks"],["journal","A book where you write daily thoughts"],["local","Close to where you live"],["mention","To speak of briefly"],["mysterious","Strange and hard to explain"],["necessary","Needed"],["observe","To watch carefully"],["ordinary","Plain, not special"],["polite","Having good manners"],["precious","Of great value"],["prepare","To get ready"],["recall","To remember"],["repair","To fix"],["shelter","A place that protects from weather"],["struggle","To try hard against difficulty"],["tremble","To shake from fear or cold"],["valuable","Worth a lot"],["wander","To walk without a goal"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-4","id":"la-vocab-grade-4","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 4","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5"],"description":"Grade 4 words with plain meanings.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 4"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["abandon","To leave behind for good"],["absorb","To soak up"],["accurate","Correct and exact"],["achieve","To succeed in doing"],["adapt","To change to fit new conditions"],["admire","To look up to and respect"],["advantage","Something that helps you"],["ambition","A strong wish to achieve something"],["analyze","To study the parts of something"],["astonish","To amaze greatly"],["audience","People who watch or listen"],["average","The usual or middle amount"],["boundary","A line that marks the limit"],["capable","Able to do something well"],["character","A person in a story; your qualities"],["cooperate","To work together"],["courteous","Polite and respectful"],["crisis","A time of great danger or trouble"],["curiosity","The wish to know or learn"],["demonstrate","To show how something works"],["dense","Packed closely together"],["dependable","Able to be trusted"],["despair","A feeling of having no hope"],["detail","A small fact or part"],["disaster","A terrible event that causes harm"],["distinct","Clearly different"],["duty","Something you must do"],["efficient","Working well without waste"],["elegant","Graceful and stylish"],["encounter","To meet unexpectedly"],["endure","To last or to put up with something"],["evidence","Facts that show something is true"],["exhausted","Very, very tired"],["expand","To grow bigger"],["fortunate","Lucky"],["frequent","Happening often"],["genuine","Real, not fake"],["glimpse","A very quick look"],["habitat","The natural home of an animal or plant"],["hazard","A danger"],["hesitant","Slow to act because unsure"],["horizon","The line where the earth and sky seem to meet"],["imitate","To copy"],["independent","Not needing others"],["inspect","To look at closely"],["instruct","To teach or direct"],["massive","Huge and heavy"],["miserable","Very unhappy"],["nature","The living world outside"],["nuisance","A thing that annoys"],["obvious","Easy to see or understand"],["occur","To happen"],["passage","A short part of a text; a narrow way"],["persuade","To get someone to agree"],["reluctant","Unwilling"],["reply","To answer"],["scarce","Hard to find; not enough"],["sensible","Showing good judgment"],["suspect","To think something may be true"],["vanish","To disappear"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-5","id":"la-vocab-grade-5","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 5","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5"],"description":"Grade 5 words with plain meanings.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 5"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["abundant","More than enough"],["accomplish","To complete successfully"],["acquire","To get"],["adequate","Enough for what is needed"],["alter","To change"],["ambitious","Eager to succeed"],["analyze","To study closely to understand"],["anticipate","To expect and prepare for"],["apparent","Easy to see or understand"],["appreciate","To value; to be thankful for"],["assemble","To put together"],["assist","To help"],["authentic","Real and true"],["barren","Empty, with nothing growing"],["benefit","An advantage or good result"],["brief","Short"],["captivate","To hold the attention of"],["chronic","Lasting a long time"],["commence","To begin"],["communicate","To share ideas or information"],["compassion","Caring about others who suffer"],["conclude","To end; to decide after thinking"],["conflict","A serious disagreement or struggle"],["consequence","A result of an action"],["constant","Always happening"],["contrast","A difference between things"],["convince","To make someone believe"],["courageous","Brave"],["decade","Ten years"],["defend","To protect from attack"],["deliberate","Done on purpose"],["devastate","To destroy"],["dilemma","A hard choice between two options"],["discourage","To take away hope"],["distinguish","To tell apart"],["diverse","Made of many different kinds"],["eliminate","To get rid of"],["emerge","To come out into view"],["essential","Absolutely needed"],["estimate","A careful guess"],["evaluate","To judge the value of"],["exaggerate","To make something seem bigger than it is"],["fascinate","To hold the interest of"],["fierce","Wild and strong"],["flexible","Able to bend or change"],["fundamental","Basic and important"],["hostile","Unfriendly"],["hypothesis","An idea to be tested"],["illustrate","To make clear with pictures or examples"],["inquire","To ask"],["integrity","Honesty"],["maintain","To keep up"],["migrate","To travel from one region to another"],["modify","To change a little"],["neglect","To fail to take care of"],["obstacle","Something in the way"],["participate","To take part"],["perceive","To notice or understand"],["reliable","Able to be trusted"],["resolve","To settle; to decide firmly"],["sufficient","Enough"],["vital","Very important"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-6","id":"la-vocab-grade-6","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 6","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8"],"description":"Grade 6 words with clear definitions.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 6"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["abolish","To officially put an end to"],["accessible","Easy to reach or use"],["accumulate","To pile up gradually"],["acknowledge","To admit or recognize"],["adjacent","Next to"],["advocate","To speak in support of"],["aggressive","Ready to attack or push forward"],["allegiance","Loyalty to a person or cause"],["ambiguous","Having more than one possible meaning"],["apprehensive","Worried about what may happen"],["aspire","To strongly hope to achieve"],["assess","To judge the size or value of"],["bias","An unfair leaning toward one side"],["candid","Honest and direct"],["catastrophe","A sudden disaster"],["cease","To stop"],["coincide","To happen at the same time"],["colleague","A person you work with"],["compel","To force"],["concise","Brief but complete"],["contemplate","To think deeply about"],["controversy","A public argument"],["credible","Believable"],["criteria","Standards for judging"],["deduce","To reach a conclusion by reasoning"],["deteriorate","To grow worse"],["diminish","To make or become smaller"],["discriminate","To treat people unfairly; to tell apart"],["dismal","Gloomy"],["dispute","An argument"],["drastic","Extreme"],["elaborate","Detailed; to add details"],["eloquent","Speaking clearly and with power"],["endeavor","A serious try"],["enhance","To improve"],["envision","To picture in the mind"],["equivalent","Equal in value"],["erode","To wear away"],["exploit","To use fully; to take unfair advantage of"],["feasible","Possible to do"],["fluctuate","To rise and fall unevenly"],["formidable","Hard to deal with because of size or strength"],["hinder","To hold back"],["humble","Not proud"],["impartial","Fair and not taking sides"],["implement","To put into action"],["inevitable","Certain to happen"],["infer","To figure out from clues"],["initiate","To start"],["inquiry","A question or investigation"],["isolate","To set apart"],["legitimate","Lawful or reasonable"],["manipulate","To handle or control skillfully or unfairly"],["mediocre","Only average"],["negotiate","To discuss to reach agreement"],["ominous","Seeming to promise bad things"],["persist","To keep going"],["perspective","A point of view"],["plausible","Seemingly likely to be true"],["prominent","Standing out; famous"],["rational","Based on reason"],["reluctant","Unwilling"],["undermine","To weaken gradually"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-7","id":"la-vocab-grade-7","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 7","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8"],"description":"Grade 7 words with clear definitions.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 7"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["abstract","Existing as an idea, not a physical thing"],["adversary","An opponent"],["affluent","Wealthy"],["alleviate","To make less severe"],["altruistic","Caring about others' welfare"],["anecdote","A short, personal story"],["animosity","Strong dislike"],["arbitrary","Based on whim, not reason"],["articulate","To express clearly"],["astute","Clever and sharp in judgment"],["audacious","Boldly daring"],["austere","Plain and severe"],["belligerent","Hostile and eager to fight"],["benevolent","Kind and generous"],["bland","Mild; without flavor or interest"],["blunder","A careless mistake"],["candor","Honesty in speech"],["chronological","Arranged in order of time"],["commemorate","To honor the memory of"],["compatible","Able to exist together"],["condemn","To strongly disapprove of"],["conform","To follow rules or customs"],["conspicuous","Easily seen"],["contradict","To say the opposite of"],["converge","To come together"],["corroborate","To support with evidence"],["cynical","Doubting people's good motives"],["defiant","Boldly resisting"],["deplete","To use up"],["derive","To get from a source"],["detrimental","Harmful"],["diligent","Careful and hardworking"],["discern","To notice or recognize"],["discreet","Careful in what you say or do"],["dubious","Doubtful"],["ephemeral","Lasting a very short time"],["exemplify","To be a good example of"],["extravagant","Spending or using too much"],["futile","Pointless; having no result"],["gregarious","Enjoying company"],["hypocrite","A person who does not do as they say"],["impetuous","Acting quickly without thinking"],["inherent","Built in as a basic part"],["innovative","Introducing new ideas"],["integral","Essential to completeness"],["intricate","Having many small parts"],["meticulous","Very careful about details"],["nostalgia","A longing for the past"],["obsolete","No longer in use"],["paradox","A statement that seems to contradict itself yet may be true"],["pragmatic","Practical and sensible"],["prudent","Wise and careful"],["resilient","Able to recover quickly"],["scrutinize","To examine very closely"],["skeptical","Doubting"],["tenacious","Holding on firmly"],["thrive","To grow strongly"],["vivid","Bright and clear"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-8","id":"la-vocab-grade-8","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 8","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["6-8"],"description":"Grade 8 words with clear definitions.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 8"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["ambivalent","Having mixed feelings"],["apathy","Lack of interest or concern"],["benign","Gentle; not harmful"],["cacophony","A harsh mixture of sounds"],["camaraderie","Friendly trust among companions"],["clandestine","Done in secret"],["cogent","Clear and convincing"],["complacent","Too satisfied with oneself"],["copious","Plentiful"],["credulous","Too ready to believe"],["culminate","To reach the highest point"],["dichotomy","A split into two opposite parts"],["disparity","A great difference"],["disseminate","To spread widely"],["eccentric","Odd or unusual in behavior"],["empathy","Sharing another's feelings"],["exacerbate","To make worse"],["fastidious","Very careful and hard to please"],["frugal","Careful with money"],["gratuitous","Unnecessary and uncalled for"],["hierarchy","A ranking of levels"],["idiosyncrasy","A personal quirk"],["impartial","Fair"],["impede","To get in the way of"],["incessant","Never stopping"],["indifferent","Showing no interest"],["indigenous","Native to a place"],["ingenious","Clever and inventive"],["integrity","Honesty and strong moral principles"],["irrelevant","Not connected to the topic"],["jeopardy","Danger"],["lethargic","Sluggish and without energy"],["lucid","Clear and easy to understand"],["magnanimous","Generous and forgiving"],["mundane","Ordinary and dull"],["nonchalant","Calm and unconcerned"],["novice","A beginner"],["pensive","Deep in thought"],["perpetual","Never ending"],["pertinent","Related to the matter at hand"],["placid","Calm and peaceful"],["profound","Deep in meaning"],["proficient","Skilled"],["prolific","Producing a great deal"],["quandary","A state of doubt about what to do"],["recede","To move back"],["reiterate","To say again"],["repose","Rest"],["reticent","Reserved and quiet"],["sagacious","Wise"],["scrupulous","Very careful to do right"],["serene","Calm and peaceful"],["solitary","Alone"],["spontaneous","Done without planning"],["stagnant","Not flowing or growing"],["stoic","Not showing feelings"],["superfluous","More than needed"],["tangible","Able to be touched"],["trivial","Of little importance"],["ubiquitous","Found everywhere"],["verbose","Using too many words"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-vocab-grade-9","id":"la-vocab-grade-9","title":"Vocabulary: Grade 9","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["9-12"],"description":"Grade 9 words with clear definitions.","tags":["vocabulary","grade 9"],"frontLabel":"Word","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["abate","To lessen"],["aberration","A departure from what is normal"],["acrimonious","Bitter in tone"],["adept","Highly skilled"],["adulation","Excessive praise"],["alacrity","Cheerful readiness"],["amicable","Friendly"],["analogous","Similar in some way"],["antagonist","An opponent or enemy"],["apathetic","Not caring"],["archaic","Very old-fashioned"],["assuage","To soothe"],["banal","Dull from overuse"],["bolster","To support"],["brevity","Shortness"],["censure","Strong criticism"],["circumspect","Careful about consequences"],["coalesce","To come together as one"],["conciliatory","Willing to make peace"],["condone","To overlook or allow"],["connoisseur","An expert judge in matters of taste"],["contentious","Likely to cause argument"],["convoluted","Very complicated"],["corpulent","Having a large, heavy body"],["debilitate","To weaken"],["decorum","Proper behavior"],["deference","Polite respect"],["deride","To mock"],["despondent","Very discouraged"],["didactic","Intended to teach"],["digress","To wander from the main topic"],["discord","Disagreement"],["disdain","Scorn"],["docile","Easy to manage"],["dogmatic","Stubbornly insisting"],["dormant","Sleeping or inactive"],["ebb","To flow back"],["eclectic","Drawing from many sources"],["efficacy","Power to produce results"],["elusive","Hard to catch"],["emulate","To copy in order to equal"],["enigma","A mystery"],["equivocal","Having two possible meanings"],["erudite","Having great learning"],["eschew","To avoid"],["exemplary","Serving as a model"],["exonerate","To clear of blame"],["feasible","Possible"],["fortuitous","Happening by lucky chance"],["garrulous","Talking too much"],["haughty","Arrogantly proud"],["hone","To sharpen"],["imminent","About to happen"],["impervious","Not affected by"],["incisive","Sharp and clear"],["innocuous","Harmless"]]},{"source":"https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-writing-vocabulary","id":"la-writing-vocabulary","title":"Writing Vocabulary","category":"language-arts","subject":"English","levels":["3-5","6-8"],"description":"Key words for talking about the writing process and kinds of writing.","tags":["writing","vocabulary"],"frontLabel":"Term","backLabel":"Meaning","cards":[["brainstorm","To come up with many ideas"],["draft","A first version of a piece of writing"],["revise","To change and improve content and ideas"],["edit","To fix spelling, grammar and punctuation"],["proofread","To check for mistakes before finishing"],["publish","To share finished writing with others"],["prewriting","The planning stage before drafting"],["outline","A plan listing main points in order"],["graphic organizer","A chart for planning ideas"],["topic","What your writing is about"],["topic sentence","A sentence that states the main idea of a paragraph"],["thesis statement","A sentence that states the main argument of an essay"],["paragraph","A group of sentences about one idea"],["introduction","The opening of a piece of writing"],["hook","An attention-grabbing opening"],["body","The main part of a piece of writing"],["conclusion","The ending that wraps up the ideas"],["transition","A word or phrase that connects ideas: however, next"],["supporting detail","A fact or example that backs up a point"],["evidence","Information that proves a claim"],["claim","A statement you argue is true"],["counterargument","An opposing view"],["rebuttal","A response that answers a counterargument"],["cite","To name the source of information"],["quote","To copy exact words from a source"],["paraphrase","To restate in your own words"],["plagiarism","Using someone else's work as your own"],["narrative","Writing that tells a story"],["descriptive writing","Writing that paints a picture with words"],["expository writing","Writing that explains or informs"],["persuasive writing","Writing that tries to convince"],["argumentative writing","Writing that supports a claim with evidence"],["opinion piece","Writing that gives your view with reasons"],["informative writing","Writing that teaches about a topic"],["personal narrative","A true story about your own experience"],["fiction","Made-up stories"],["nonfiction","True writing"],["journal","Personal daily writing"],["letter","A message written to someone"],["friendly letter","An informal letter"],["business letter","A formal letter"],["summary","A short account of main points"],["lead","The opening of a story or article"],["voice","The unique personality of your writing"],["word choice","Picking the best, most exact words"],["sentence fluency","How smoothly sentences flow"],["conventions","Spelling, grammar and punctuation rules"],["organization","How ideas are arranged"],["audience","Who will read your writing"],["purpose","Why you are writing"],["tone","The attitude in writing"],["mood","The feeling in writing"],["show, don't tell","Use details and actions instead of just stating feelings"],["sensory details","Details of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch"],["dialogue","Written conversation"],["point of view","Whose eyes the story is told through"],["rubric","A scoring guide"],["peer review","When classmates give feedback"],["feedback","Comments to help improve work"],["heading","A title above a section"],["byline","A line naming the author"],["headline","The title of a news story"],["caption","Text beneath a picture"],["bibliography","A list of sources used"]]}]