{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/chem-basic-terms",
 "id": "chem-basic-terms",
 "title": "Chemistry Vocabulary",
 "category": "science",
 "subject": "Chemistry",
 "levels": [
  "6-8",
  "9-12"
 ],
 "description": "Key words for atoms, bonds, reactions and mixtures.",
 "tags": [
  "chemistry",
  "vocabulary"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Term",
 "backLabel": "Meaning",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Atom",
   "The smallest unit of an element that still has its properties"
  ],
  [
   "Molecule",
   "Two or more atoms joined together"
  ],
  [
   "Element",
   "A pure substance made of only one kind of atom"
  ],
  [
   "Compound",
   "A substance made of two or more elements chemically joined"
  ],
  [
   "Mixture",
   "Two or more substances together but not chemically joined"
  ],
  [
   "Proton",
   "Positive particle in the nucleus"
  ],
  [
   "Neutron",
   "Particle with no charge in the nucleus"
  ],
  [
   "Electron",
   "Tiny negative particle that moves around the nucleus"
  ],
  [
   "Nucleus",
   "The center of an atom, holding protons and neutrons"
  ],
  [
   "Ion",
   "An atom or group of atoms with an electric charge"
  ],
  [
   "Cation",
   "A positive ion"
  ],
  [
   "Anion",
   "A negative ion"
  ],
  [
   "Ionic bond",
   "A bond formed when electrons move from one atom to another"
  ],
  [
   "Covalent bond",
   "A bond formed when atoms share electrons"
  ],
  [
   "Metallic bond",
   "A bond in which electrons flow freely among metal atoms"
  ],
  [
   "Chemical formula",
   "Symbols and numbers showing what atoms make up a substance"
  ],
  [
   "Chemical reaction",
   "A process in which substances change into new substances"
  ],
  [
   "Reactant",
   "A starting substance in a chemical reaction"
  ],
  [
   "Product",
   "A substance made by a chemical reaction"
  ],
  [
   "Chemical equation",
   "A way to show a reaction using formulas"
  ],
  [
   "Law of conservation of mass",
   "Matter is not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction"
  ],
  [
   "Catalyst",
   "A substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up"
  ],
  [
   "Enzyme",
   "A biological catalyst, made of protein"
  ],
  [
   "Solution",
   "A mixture that is the same all the way through"
  ],
  [
   "Solute",
   "The substance that is dissolved"
  ],
  [
   "Solvent",
   "The substance that does the dissolving"
  ],
  [
   "Solubility",
   "How much of a substance can dissolve in a solvent"
  ],
  [
   "Concentration",
   "How much solute is in a certain amount of solution"
  ],
  [
   "Saturated solution",
   "One that cannot dissolve any more solute"
  ],
  [
   "Suspension",
   "A mixture with particles that settle out if left alone"
  ],
  [
   "Colloid",
   "A mixture with tiny particles that stay spread out, like milk"
  ],
  [
   "Density",
   "How much mass is in a given volume"
  ],
  [
   "Mass",
   "The amount of matter in an object"
  ],
  [
   "Volume",
   "The amount of space something takes up"
  ],
  [
   "Physical change",
   "A change in form that does not make a new substance"
  ],
  [
   "Chemical change",
   "A change that makes new substances"
  ],
  [
   "Physical property",
   "A trait you can observe without changing the substance, like color"
  ],
  [
   "Chemical property",
   "How a substance can change into another, like flammability"
  ],
  [
   "Exothermic reaction",
   "A reaction that gives off heat"
  ],
  [
   "Endothermic reaction",
   "A reaction that takes in heat"
  ],
  [
   "Oxidation",
   "A reaction in which a substance loses electrons or combines with oxygen"
  ],
  [
   "Reduction",
   "A reaction in which a substance gains electrons"
  ],
  [
   "Precipitate",
   "A solid that forms from a liquid solution during a reaction"
  ],
  [
   "Distillation",
   "Separating liquids by boiling and condensing them"
  ],
  [
   "Filtration",
   "Separating solids from liquids using a filter"
  ],
  [
   "Evaporation",
   "A liquid changing to a gas at its surface"
  ],
  [
   "Condensation",
   "A gas changing into a liquid"
  ],
  [
   "Mole",
   "A unit for counting atoms: 6.02 x 10^23 particles"
  ],
  [
   "Avogadro's number",
   "6.02 x 10^23, the number of particles in one mole"
  ],
  [
   "Molar mass",
   "The mass of one mole of a substance"
  ],
  [
   "Valence electron",
   "An electron in the outer shell that takes part in bonding"
  ],
  [
   "Atomic number",
   "Number of protons in an atom"
  ],
  [
   "Mass number",
   "Protons plus neutrons in an atom"
  ],
  [
   "Isotope",
   "Atoms of one element with different numbers of neutrons"
  ],
  [
   "Radioactivity",
   "The giving off of energy and particles by unstable atoms"
  ],
  [
   "Half-life",
   "Time it takes half of a radioactive sample to decay"
  ],
  [
   "Polymer",
   "A large molecule made of many repeating units"
  ],
  [
   "Organic compound",
   "A compound built on carbon, usually with hydrogen"
  ],
  [
   "Allotrope",
   "One of different forms of the same element, like diamond and graphite"
  ],
  [
   "Alloy",
   "A mixture of metals, such as brass or steel"
  ],
  [
   "Corrosion",
   "The slow wearing away of metal by chemical reaction"
  ],
  [
   "Combustion",
   "Burning: a fast reaction of a fuel with oxygen"
  ],
  [
   "Synthesis reaction",
   "Two or more substances combine to make one product"
  ],
  [
   "Decomposition reaction",
   "One compound breaks down into simpler substances"
  ],
  [
   "Electrolysis",
   "Using electricity to split a compound"
  ],
  [
   "Inert",
   "Not reacting easily with other substances"
  ],
  [
   "Reactivity",
   "How easily a substance takes part in chemical reactions"
  ],
  [
   "Malleable",
   "Able to be hammered into thin sheets"
  ],
  [
   "Ductile",
   "Able to be pulled into wire"
  ],
  [
   "Conductor",
   "A material that lets heat or electricity flow easily"
  ],
  [
   "Insulator",
   "A material that does not let heat or electricity flow easily"
  ],
  [
   "Electronegativity",
   "How strongly an atom pulls on shared electrons"
  ],
  [
   "Periodic law",
   "Element properties repeat in a pattern as atomic number goes up"
  ]
 ]
}