{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/es-conjugation-grammar",
 "id": "es-conjugation-grammar",
 "title": "Spanish Irregular Verbs (Present) and Basic Grammar",
 "category": "world-languages",
 "subject": "Spanish",
 "levels": [
  "3-5",
  "6-8",
  "9-12",
  "adult"
 ],
 "description": "Present-tense forms of twelve key Spanish verbs (yo, tú, él/ella, nosotros, ellos) and a few basic grammar rules.",
 "tags": [
  "spanish",
  "conjugation",
  "grammar",
  "irregular verbs"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "English",
 "backLabel": "Spanish",
 "cards": [
  [
   "I am (ser)",
   "yo soy",
   "SOY"
  ],
  [
   "you are (ser)",
   "tú eres",
   "EH-rehs"
  ],
  [
   "he/she is (ser)",
   "él/ella es",
   "ehs"
  ],
  [
   "we are (ser)",
   "nosotros somos",
   "SOH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they are (ser)",
   "ellos son",
   "sohn"
  ],
  [
   "I am (estar)",
   "yo estoy",
   "eh-STOY"
  ],
  [
   "you are (estar)",
   "tú estás",
   "eh-STAHS"
  ],
  [
   "he/she is (estar)",
   "él/ella está",
   "eh-STAH"
  ],
  [
   "we are (estar)",
   "nosotros estamos",
   "eh-STAH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they are (estar)",
   "ellos están",
   "eh-STAHN"
  ],
  [
   "I have (tener)",
   "yo tengo",
   "TEHN-goh"
  ],
  [
   "you have (tener)",
   "tú tienes",
   "tee-EH-nehs"
  ],
  [
   "he/she has (tener)",
   "él/ella tiene",
   "tee-EH-neh"
  ],
  [
   "we have (tener)",
   "nosotros tenemos",
   "teh-NEH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they have (tener)",
   "ellos tienen",
   "tee-EH-nehn"
  ],
  [
   "I go (ir)",
   "yo voy",
   "VOY"
  ],
  [
   "you go (ir)",
   "tú vas",
   "VAHS"
  ],
  [
   "he/she goes (ir)",
   "él/ella va",
   "VAH"
  ],
  [
   "we go (ir)",
   "nosotros vamos",
   "VAH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they go (ir)",
   "ellos van",
   "VAHN"
  ],
  [
   "I do / make (hacer)",
   "yo hago",
   "AH-goh"
  ],
  [
   "you do / make (hacer)",
   "tú haces",
   "AH-sehs"
  ],
  [
   "he/she does / makes (hacer)",
   "él/ella hace",
   "AH-seh"
  ],
  [
   "we do / make (hacer)",
   "nosotros hacemos",
   "ah-SEH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they do / make (hacer)",
   "ellos hacen",
   "AH-sehn"
  ],
  [
   "I can (poder)",
   "yo puedo",
   "PWEH-doh"
  ],
  [
   "you can (poder)",
   "tú puedes",
   "PWEH-dehs"
  ],
  [
   "he/she can (poder)",
   "él/ella puede",
   "PWEH-deh"
  ],
  [
   "we can (poder)",
   "nosotros podemos",
   "poh-DEH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they can (poder)",
   "ellos pueden",
   "PWEH-dehn"
  ],
  [
   "I want (querer)",
   "yo quiero",
   "kee-EH-roh"
  ],
  [
   "you want (querer)",
   "tú quieres",
   "kee-EH-rehs"
  ],
  [
   "he/she wants (querer)",
   "él/ella quiere",
   "kee-EH-reh"
  ],
  [
   "we want (querer)",
   "nosotros queremos",
   "keh-REH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they want (querer)",
   "ellos quieren",
   "kee-EH-rehn"
  ],
  [
   "I say (decir)",
   "yo digo",
   "DEE-goh"
  ],
  [
   "you say (decir)",
   "tú dices",
   "DEE-sehs"
  ],
  [
   "he/she says (decir)",
   "él/ella dice",
   "DEE-seh"
  ],
  [
   "we say (decir)",
   "nosotros decimos",
   "deh-SEE-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they say (decir)",
   "ellos dicen",
   "DEE-sehn"
  ],
  [
   "I come (venir)",
   "yo vengo",
   "VEHN-goh"
  ],
  [
   "you come (venir)",
   "tú vienes",
   "vee-EH-nehs"
  ],
  [
   "he/she comes (venir)",
   "él/ella viene",
   "vee-EH-neh"
  ],
  [
   "we come (venir)",
   "nosotros venimos",
   "veh-NEE-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they come (venir)",
   "ellos vienen",
   "vee-EH-nehn"
  ],
  [
   "I see (ver)",
   "yo veo",
   "VEH-oh"
  ],
  [
   "you see (ver)",
   "tú ves",
   "VEHS"
  ],
  [
   "he/she sees (ver)",
   "él/ella ve",
   "VEH"
  ],
  [
   "we see (ver)",
   "nosotros vemos",
   "VEH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they see (ver)",
   "ellos ven",
   "VEHN"
  ],
  [
   "I give (dar)",
   "yo doy",
   "DOY"
  ],
  [
   "you give (dar)",
   "tú das",
   "DAHS"
  ],
  [
   "he/she gives (dar)",
   "él/ella da",
   "DAH"
  ],
  [
   "we give (dar)",
   "nosotros damos",
   "DAH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they give (dar)",
   "ellos dan",
   "DAHN"
  ],
  [
   "I know a fact (saber)",
   "yo sé",
   "SEH"
  ],
  [
   "you know a fact (saber)",
   "tú sabes",
   "SAH-behs"
  ],
  [
   "he/she knows a fact (saber)",
   "él/ella sabe",
   "SAH-beh"
  ],
  [
   "we know a fact (saber)",
   "nosotros sabemos",
   "sah-BEH-mohs"
  ],
  [
   "they know a fact (saber)",
   "ellos saben",
   "SAH-behn"
  ],
  [
   "the (masculine singular)",
   "el",
   "ehl"
  ],
  [
   "the (feminine singular)",
   "la",
   "lah"
  ],
  [
   "the (masculine plural)",
   "los",
   "lohs"
  ],
  [
   "the (feminine plural)",
   "las",
   "lahs"
  ],
  [
   "a (masculine)",
   "un",
   "oon"
  ],
  [
   "a (feminine)",
   "una",
   "OO-nah"
  ],
  [
   "I (pronoun)",
   "yo",
   "yoh"
  ],
  [
   "you (informal)",
   "tú",
   "too"
  ],
  [
   "you (formal)",
   "usted",
   "oos-TEHD"
  ],
  [
   "we",
   "nosotros",
   "noh-SOH-trohs"
  ],
  [
   "they (masculine or mixed)",
   "ellos",
   "EH-yohs"
  ],
  [
   "How do you make a Spanish noun plural if it ends in a vowel?",
   "Add -s (casa → casas)",
   "Ends in a consonant? Add -es: papel → papeles"
  ],
  [
   "How do you say a question in writing?",
   "Put ¿ at the start and ? at the end",
   "Exclamations use ¡ and !"
  ],
  [
   "Where do most adjectives go?",
   "After the noun (el perro grande)",
   "The big dog = the dog big"
  ],
  [
   "Do adjectives agree with the noun?",
   "Yes: gato negro, gata negra",
   "They match gender and number"
  ],
  [
   "What do verbs ending in -ar, -er, -ir do?",
   "They change their endings for each person",
   "hablo, hablas, habla..."
  ],
  [
   "Do you need the subject pronoun?",
   "Usually no: Hablo español",
   "The verb ending shows who"
  ],
  [
   "How do you make a sentence negative?",
   "Put no before the verb",
   "No hablo francés"
  ]
 ]
}