{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/famous-women-in-history",
 "id": "famous-women-in-history",
 "title": "Famous Women in History",
 "category": "history",
 "subject": "World History",
 "levels": [
  "3-5",
  "6-8"
 ],
 "description": "Women who led, discovered, created and changed the world.",
 "tags": [
  "women",
  "biography",
  "famous people"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Who",
 "backLabel": "Known for",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Hatshepsut",
   "Egyptian woman who ruled as pharaoh and sent a great trading expedition to Punt"
  ],
  [
   "Cleopatra VII",
   "Last active queen of Egypt, who ruled with great political skill"
  ],
  [
   "Boudica",
   "Queen of the Iceni who led a revolt against Roman rule in Britain around 60 CE"
  ],
  [
   "Wu Zetian",
   "Only woman to rule China as emperor, in the 600s-700s"
  ],
  [
   "Hypatia",
   "Mathematician, astronomer and teacher in Alexandria around 400 CE"
  ],
  [
   "Murasaki Shikibu",
   "Japanese author of The Tale of Genji, often called the first novel"
  ],
  [
   "Eleanor of Aquitaine",
   "Powerful medieval queen of France and England"
  ],
  [
   "Joan of Arc",
   "French teenager who helped lead the army to victories in 1429"
  ],
  [
   "Isabella I of Castile",
   "Spanish queen who funded Columbus's voyage"
  ],
  [
   "Elizabeth I",
   "Queen of England, 1558-1603, during a time of great arts and exploration"
  ],
  [
   "Queen Nzinga",
   "African queen who defended her lands in Angola against the Portuguese"
  ],
  [
   "Pocahontas",
   "Powhatan woman connected to Jamestown in the early 1600s"
  ],
  [
   "Sacagawea",
   "Shoshone guide for the Lewis and Clark expedition"
  ],
  [
   "Catherine the Great",
   "Russian empress, 1762-1796, who expanded Russia"
  ],
  [
   "Maria Theresa",
   "Austrian ruler in the 1700s"
  ],
  [
   "Marie Curie",
   "Won Nobel Prizes in both physics and chemistry; discovered polonium and radium"
  ],
  [
   "Florence Nightingale",
   "Founder of modern nursing, who improved hospital care"
  ],
  [
   "Clara Barton",
   "Civil War nurse and founder of the American Red Cross"
  ],
  [
   "Harriet Tubman",
   "Led many people to freedom on the Underground Railroad"
  ],
  [
   "Sojourner Truth",
   "Former slave and powerful speaker for abolition and women's rights"
  ],
  [
   "Susan B. Anthony",
   "Leader of the US women's suffrage movement"
  ],
  [
   "Elizabeth Cady Stanton",
   "Organized the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848"
  ],
  [
   "Harriet Beecher Stowe",
   "Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin"
  ],
  [
   "Dorothea Dix",
   "Reformer who improved care for people with mental illness"
  ],
  [
   "Emily Dickinson",
   "American poet of nearly 1,800 poems"
  ],
  [
   "Jane Austen",
   "English novelist of Pride and Prejudice"
  ],
  [
   "Mary Shelley",
   "Author of Frankenstein, written when she was 18-19"
  ],
  [
   "Ada Lovelace",
   "Wrote the first computer program idea for Babbage's engine in the 1840s"
  ],
  [
   "Queen Victoria",
   "British queen from 1837 to 1901, giving her name to an era"
  ],
  [
   "Queen Liliuokalani",
   "Last queen of Hawaii"
  ],
  [
   "Emmeline Pankhurst",
   "British leader of the movement for women's right to vote"
  ],
  [
   "Jane Addams",
   "Founded Hull House; won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931"
  ],
  [
   "Ida B. Wells",
   "Journalist and activist who exposed lynching and fought for justice"
  ],
  [
   "Helen Keller",
   "Deaf and blind author and activist who graduated from college"
  ],
  [
   "Anne Sullivan",
   "Helen Keller's teacher"
  ],
  [
   "Maria Montessori",
   "Italian educator who developed a child-centered teaching method"
  ],
  [
   "Amelia Earhart",
   "First woman to fly solo across the Atlantic, in 1932"
  ],
  [
   "Bessie Coleman",
   "First Black woman to earn a pilot's license, in 1921"
  ],
  [
   "Eleanor Roosevelt",
   "First lady who worked for human rights"
  ],
  [
   "Frances Perkins",
   "First woman in a US cabinet; helped create Social Security"
  ],
  [
   "Mary McLeod Bethune",
   "Educator who founded a school that became Bethune-Cookman University"
  ],
  [
   "Zora Neale Hurston",
   "Harlem Renaissance author of Their Eyes Were Watching God"
  ],
  [
   "Frida Kahlo",
   "Mexican painter known for vivid self-portraits"
  ],
  [
   "Georgia O'Keeffe",
   "American painter of flowers, desert scenes and skyscrapers"
  ],
  [
   "Marian Anderson",
   "Opera singer who performed at the Lincoln Memorial in 1939"
  ],
  [
   "Rosa Parks",
   "Her 1955 bus protest helped spark the Montgomery Bus Boycott"
  ],
  [
   "Anne Frank",
   "Wrote a diary while hiding from the Nazis"
  ],
  [
   "Mother Teresa",
   "Nun who cared for the poor in Kolkata, India"
  ],
  [
   "Indira Gandhi",
   "First woman prime minister of India"
  ],
  [
   "Golda Meir",
   "Israel's first woman prime minister"
  ],
  [
   "Margaret Thatcher",
   "Britain's first woman prime minister"
  ],
  [
   "Wangari Maathai",
   "Kenyan environmentalist who won the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize"
  ],
  [
   "Rachel Carson",
   "Author of Silent Spring (1962), which helped start the environmental movement"
  ],
  [
   "Jane Goodall",
   "Studied chimpanzees in Tanzania for decades"
  ],
  [
   "Dian Fossey",
   "Studied mountain gorillas in Rwanda"
  ],
  [
   "Rosalind Franklin",
   "Her X-ray images helped reveal the structure of DNA"
  ],
  [
   "Barbara McClintock",
   "Won a Nobel Prize for discovering jumping genes in corn"
  ],
  [
   "Katherine Johnson",
   "NASA mathematician whose calculations helped astronauts reach orbit"
  ],
  [
   "Dorothy Vaughan",
   "NASA mathematician and early computer programming leader"
  ],
  [
   "Mary Jackson",
   "First Black woman engineer at NASA"
  ],
  [
   "Grace Hopper",
   "Computer scientist who helped create early programming languages"
  ],
  [
   "Sally Ride",
   "First American woman in space"
  ],
  [
   "Valentina Tereshkova",
   "First woman to travel in space, in 1963"
  ],
  [
   "Mae Jemison",
   "First Black woman in space"
  ],
  [
   "Ruth Bader Ginsburg",
   "Supreme Court justice who fought for equal treatment of women"
  ],
  [
   "Sandra Day O'Connor",
   "First woman on the US Supreme Court"
  ],
  [
   "Sonia Sotomayor",
   "First Latina on the Supreme Court"
  ],
  [
   "Shirley Chisholm",
   "First Black woman elected to the US Congress, in 1968"
  ],
  [
   "Billie Jean King",
   "Tennis champion who fought for equal pay for women athletes"
  ],
  [
   "Wilma Rudolph",
   "Overcame polio to win three Olympic gold medals in 1960"
  ],
  [
   "Malala Yousafzai",
   "Pakistani education activist, youngest Nobel Peace Prize winner"
  ],
  [
   "Greta Thunberg",
   "Swedish climate activist who began protesting in 2018"
  ],
  [
   "Maya Angelou",
   "Poet and author of I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings"
  ],
  [
   "Toni Morrison",
   "Novelist who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1993"
  ],
  [
   "Dolores Huerta",
   "Co-founded the United Farm Workers"
  ],
  [
   "Fannie Lou Hamer",
   "Voting rights activist from Mississippi"
  ],
  [
   "Temple Grandin",
   "Scientist who speaks about autism and designs humane animal facilities"
  ]
 ]
}