{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/fun-chess-pieces-rules",
 "id": "fun-chess-pieces-rules",
 "title": "Chess: Pieces and Rules",
 "category": "trivia-fun",
 "subject": "Chess",
 "levels": [
  "k-2",
  "3-5",
  "6-8",
  "9-12"
 ],
 "description": "How every chess piece moves and the basic rules of the game.",
 "tags": [
  "chess",
  "board games",
  "rules"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Question",
 "backLabel": "Answer",
 "cards": [
  [
   "How does the king move?",
   "One square in any direction"
  ],
  [
   "How does the queen move?",
   "Any number of squares in any straight line: sideways, forward, backward or diagonal"
  ],
  [
   "How does the rook move?",
   "Any number of squares forward, backward or sideways"
  ],
  [
   "How does the bishop move?",
   "Any number of squares diagonally, staying on its color"
  ],
  [
   "How does the knight move?",
   "In an L shape: two squares one way and one square the other. It can jump over pieces"
  ],
  [
   "How does a pawn move?",
   "Forward one square; on its first move it may go two"
  ],
  [
   "How does a pawn capture?",
   "One square diagonally forward"
  ],
  [
   "How many squares are on a chessboard?",
   "64, in an 8 by 8 grid"
  ],
  [
   "How many pieces does each player start with?",
   "16"
  ],
  [
   "Who moves first in chess?",
   "White"
  ],
  [
   "What is the goal of chess?",
   "To checkmate the other player's king"
  ],
  [
   "What is check?",
   "When a king is under attack"
  ],
  [
   "What is checkmate?",
   "A king in check with no escape; the game ends"
  ],
  [
   "What is stalemate?",
   "A player has no legal move but is not in check; the game is a draw"
  ],
  [
   "What is castling?",
   "Moving the king two squares toward a rook, with the rook jumping to the other side"
  ],
  [
   "What is promotion?",
   "A pawn reaching the far end becomes a queen, rook, bishop or knight"
  ],
  [
   "What is en passant?",
   "A special pawn capture of a pawn that has just moved two squares"
  ],
  [
   "Which piece can jump?",
   "The knight"
  ],
  [
   "Which pieces start on the back row?",
   "Rooks, knights, bishops, queen and king"
  ],
  [
   "Where does the queen start?",
   "On her own color: white queen on a light square, black queen on a dark square"
  ],
  [
   "What is a draw?",
   "A tie game"
  ],
  [
   "What are some ways a game can be drawn?",
   "Stalemate, agreement, repeating positions, or not enough pieces"
  ],
  [
   "What is a fork?",
   "One piece attacks two or more pieces at once"
  ],
  [
   "What is a pin?",
   "A piece cannot move without exposing a more valuable piece behind it"
  ],
  [
   "What is a skewer?",
   "A valuable piece is attacked and when it moves, a piece behind it is captured"
  ],
  [
   "What is the touch-move rule?",
   "If you touch a piece you must move it if you can"
  ],
  [
   "How many points is a pawn worth?",
   "1"
  ],
  [
   "How many points is a knight worth?",
   "3"
  ],
  [
   "How many points is a bishop worth?",
   "3"
  ],
  [
   "How many points is a rook worth?",
   "5"
  ],
  [
   "How many points is the queen worth?",
   "9"
  ],
  [
   "What are the files?",
   "The columns of the chessboard, labeled a to h"
  ],
  [
   "What are the ranks?",
   "The rows of the board, numbered 1 to 8"
  ],
  [
   "What is the center?",
   "The four middle squares: d4, e4, d5, e5"
  ],
  [
   "What does 'J'adoube' mean?",
   "French for 'I adjust'; said when fixing a piece without moving it"
  ],
  [
   "What is a gambit?",
   "An opening where a player gives up a pawn for an advantage"
  ],
  [
   "What is the endgame?",
   "The late stage when few pieces are left"
  ],
  [
   "What is the middlegame?",
   "The part after the opening when most fighting happens"
  ],
  [
   "What is the opening?",
   "The first moves, used to develop pieces"
  ],
  [
   "Why develop pieces early?",
   "To get knights and bishops into the game and prepare to castle"
  ],
  [
   "What is a blunder?",
   "A bad mistake"
  ],
  [
   "What is a sacrifice?",
   "Giving up material to gain something better"
  ],
  [
   "What does 'resign' mean?",
   "To end the game by giving up"
  ],
  [
   "What is a tempo?",
   "A move or a unit of time in the game"
  ],
  [
   "What is a passed pawn?",
   "A pawn with no enemy pawns blocking its path"
  ],
  [
   "What is a doubled pawn?",
   "Two pawns of the same color on the same file"
  ],
  [
   "What is the fool's mate?",
   "The shortest checkmate, in two moves"
  ],
  [
   "What is scholar's mate?",
   "A quick four-move checkmate that beginners should watch for"
  ],
  [
   "What is a discovered attack?",
   "Moving one piece reveals an attack from another"
  ],
  [
   "What is zugzwang?",
   "When every move a player can make makes things worse"
  ],
  [
   "What is a rank mate or back-rank mate?",
   "A checkmate on the back row when the king is trapped by its own pawns"
  ]
 ]
}