{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/la-parts-of-speech",
 "id": "la-parts-of-speech",
 "title": "Parts of Speech",
 "category": "language-arts",
 "subject": "English",
 "levels": [
  "3-5",
  "6-8"
 ],
 "description": "The eight parts of speech and related grammar words, with examples.",
 "tags": [
  "grammar",
  "parts of speech"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Term",
 "backLabel": "Definition and examples",
 "cards": [
  [
   "noun",
   "A person, place, thing or idea: teacher, park, joy"
  ],
  [
   "common noun",
   "A general name: city, dog"
  ],
  [
   "proper noun",
   "A specific name, capitalized: Paris, Max"
  ],
  [
   "concrete noun",
   "A noun you can sense: apple, rain"
  ],
  [
   "abstract noun",
   "An idea or feeling: freedom, love"
  ],
  [
   "singular noun",
   "One thing: book"
  ],
  [
   "plural noun",
   "More than one: books"
  ],
  [
   "possessive noun",
   "Shows ownership: the dog's bone"
  ],
  [
   "collective noun",
   "A group named as one: team, flock"
  ],
  [
   "verb",
   "An action or state word: run, is"
  ],
  [
   "action verb",
   "Shows doing: jump, write"
  ],
  [
   "linking verb",
   "Joins the subject to more information: is, seem"
  ],
  [
   "helping verb",
   "Helps the main verb: can, will, has"
  ],
  [
   "verb tense",
   "Shows when something happens"
  ],
  [
   "past tense",
   "Already happened: walked"
  ],
  [
   "present tense",
   "Happening now: walks"
  ],
  [
   "future tense",
   "Will happen: will walk"
  ],
  [
   "present perfect",
   "Happened at an unspecified time or still true: has walked"
  ],
  [
   "past perfect",
   "Happened before another past event: had walked"
  ],
  [
   "irregular verb",
   "A verb that does not add -ed for past: go becomes went"
  ],
  [
   "adjective",
   "Describes a noun: tall, red, three"
  ],
  [
   "adverb",
   "Describes a verb, adjective or adverb: quickly, very"
  ],
  [
   "pronoun",
   "Takes the place of a noun: he, they, it"
  ],
  [
   "subject pronoun",
   "Does the action: I, you, he, she, it, we, they"
  ],
  [
   "object pronoun",
   "Receives the action: me, him, her, us, them"
  ],
  [
   "possessive pronoun",
   "Shows ownership: mine, yours, hers, ours"
  ],
  [
   "reflexive pronoun",
   "Reflects back on the subject: myself, themselves"
  ],
  [
   "relative pronoun",
   "Introduces a clause: who, which, that"
  ],
  [
   "demonstrative pronoun",
   "Points to something: this, that, these, those"
  ],
  [
   "interrogative pronoun",
   "Asks a question: who, what, which"
  ],
  [
   "antecedent",
   "The noun a pronoun replaces"
  ],
  [
   "preposition",
   "Shows position or relation: in, on, under, between"
  ],
  [
   "prepositional phrase",
   "A preposition with its object: under the table"
  ],
  [
   "conjunction",
   "Joins words or phrases: and, but, or"
  ],
  [
   "coordinating conjunction",
   "Joins equal parts: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS)"
  ],
  [
   "subordinating conjunction",
   "Starts a dependent clause: because, although, when"
  ],
  [
   "interjection",
   "A word showing strong feeling: wow, ouch"
  ],
  [
   "article",
   "A word before a noun: a, an, the"
  ],
  [
   "definite article",
   "The word the, for a specific noun"
  ],
  [
   "indefinite article",
   "A or an, for any noun"
  ],
  [
   "determiner",
   "A word that introduces a noun: this, my, some"
  ],
  [
   "subject",
   "Who or what the sentence is about"
  ],
  [
   "predicate",
   "The part that tells what the subject does or is"
  ],
  [
   "direct object",
   "Receives the action of the verb: She kicked the ball"
  ],
  [
   "indirect object",
   "Receives the direct object: She gave him the ball"
  ],
  [
   "complement",
   "A word that completes the meaning of the predicate"
  ],
  [
   "modifier",
   "A word or phrase that describes another"
  ],
  [
   "phrase",
   "A group of words without a subject and verb together"
  ],
  [
   "clause",
   "A group of words with a subject and a verb"
  ],
  [
   "independent clause",
   "A clause that can stand alone as a sentence"
  ],
  [
   "dependent clause",
   "A clause that cannot stand alone"
  ],
  [
   "simple sentence",
   "One independent clause"
  ],
  [
   "compound sentence",
   "Two independent clauses joined together"
  ],
  [
   "complex sentence",
   "One independent and one or more dependent clauses"
  ],
  [
   "compound-complex sentence",
   "Two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause"
  ],
  [
   "declarative sentence",
   "Makes a statement"
  ],
  [
   "interrogative sentence",
   "Asks a question"
  ],
  [
   "imperative sentence",
   "Gives a command"
  ],
  [
   "exclamatory sentence",
   "Shows strong feeling"
  ],
  [
   "fragment",
   "An incomplete sentence"
  ],
  [
   "run-on sentence",
   "Two or more sentences joined wrongly"
  ],
  [
   "comma splice",
   "Two independent clauses joined only by a comma"
  ],
  [
   "active voice",
   "The subject does the action: The dog chased the cat"
  ],
  [
   "passive voice",
   "The subject receives the action: The cat was chased by the dog"
  ],
  [
   "infinitive",
   "To plus a verb: to run"
  ],
  [
   "gerund",
   "A verb ending in -ing used as a noun: Swimming is fun"
  ],
  [
   "participle",
   "A verb form used as an adjective: a broken cup"
  ],
  [
   "comparative",
   "Compares two: taller, more careful"
  ],
  [
   "superlative",
   "Compares three or more: tallest, most careful"
  ],
  [
   "positive degree",
   "The basic form of an adjective: tall"
  ],
  [
   "mood (grammar)",
   "The verb form that shows the attitude: indicative, imperative, subjunctive"
  ],
  [
   "subjunctive mood",
   "Used for wishes and unreal conditions: If I were you"
  ],
  [
   "appositive",
   "A noun phrase that renames another noun: my dog, Rex"
  ],
  [
   "contraction",
   "Two words joined with an apostrophe: don't"
  ],
  [
   "possessive",
   "A form showing ownership"
  ],
  [
   "transitive verb",
   "A verb that takes a direct object"
  ],
  [
   "intransitive verb",
   "A verb with no direct object"
  ],
  [
   "double negative",
   "Two negatives in one clause (avoid): I don't have no pencil"
  ],
  [
   "parallel structure",
   "Using the same pattern for items in a list"
  ],
  [
   "subject-verb agreement",
   "The verb must match its subject in number"
  ],
  [
   "pronoun-antecedent agreement",
   "A pronoun must match the noun it replaces"
  ]
 ]
}