noun: A person, place, thing or idea: teacher, park, joy
common noun: A general name: city, dog
proper noun: A specific name, capitalized: Paris, Max
concrete noun: A noun you can sense: apple, rain
abstract noun: An idea or feeling: freedom, love
singular noun: One thing: book
plural noun: More than one: books
possessive noun: Shows ownership: the dog's bone
collective noun: A group named as one: team, flock
verb: An action or state word: run, is
action verb: Shows doing: jump, write
linking verb: Joins the subject to more information: is, seem
helping verb: Helps the main verb: can, will, has
verb tense: Shows when something happens
past tense: Already happened: walked
present tense: Happening now: walks
future tense: Will happen: will walk
present perfect: Happened at an unspecified time or still true: has walked
past perfect: Happened before another past event: had walked
irregular verb: A verb that does not add -ed for past: go becomes went
adjective: Describes a noun: tall, red, three
adverb: Describes a verb, adjective or adverb: quickly, very
pronoun: Takes the place of a noun: he, they, it
subject pronoun: Does the action: I, you, he, she, it, we, they
object pronoun: Receives the action: me, him, her, us, them
possessive pronoun: Shows ownership: mine, yours, hers, ours
reflexive pronoun: Reflects back on the subject: myself, themselves
relative pronoun: Introduces a clause: who, which, that
demonstrative pronoun: Points to something: this, that, these, those
interrogative pronoun: Asks a question: who, what, which
antecedent: The noun a pronoun replaces
preposition: Shows position or relation: in, on, under, between
prepositional phrase: A preposition with its object: under the table
conjunction: Joins words or phrases: and, but, or
coordinating conjunction: Joins equal parts: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS)
subordinating conjunction: Starts a dependent clause: because, although, when
interjection: A word showing strong feeling: wow, ouch
article: A word before a noun: a, an, the
definite article: The word the, for a specific noun
indefinite article: A or an, for any noun
determiner: A word that introduces a noun: this, my, some
subject: Who or what the sentence is about
predicate: The part that tells what the subject does or is
direct object: Receives the action of the verb: She kicked the ball
indirect object: Receives the direct object: She gave him the ball
complement: A word that completes the meaning of the predicate
modifier: A word or phrase that describes another
phrase: A group of words without a subject and verb together
clause: A group of words with a subject and a verb
independent clause: A clause that can stand alone as a sentence
dependent clause: A clause that cannot stand alone
simple sentence: One independent clause
compound sentence: Two independent clauses joined together
complex sentence: One independent and one or more dependent clauses
compound-complex sentence: Two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause
declarative sentence: Makes a statement
interrogative sentence: Asks a question
imperative sentence: Gives a command
exclamatory sentence: Shows strong feeling
fragment: An incomplete sentence
run-on sentence: Two or more sentences joined wrongly
comma splice: Two independent clauses joined only by a comma
active voice: The subject does the action: The dog chased the cat
passive voice: The subject receives the action: The cat was chased by the dog
infinitive: To plus a verb: to run
gerund: A verb ending in -ing used as a noun: Swimming is fun
participle: A verb form used as an adjective: a broken cup
comparative: Compares two: taller, more careful
superlative: Compares three or more: tallest, most careful
positive degree: The basic form of an adjective: tall
mood (grammar): The verb form that shows the attitude: indicative, imperative, subjunctive
subjunctive mood: Used for wishes and unreal conditions: If I were you
appositive: A noun phrase that renames another noun: my dog, Rex
contraction: Two words joined with an apostrophe: don't
possessive: A form showing ownership
transitive verb: A verb that takes a direct object
intransitive verb: A verb with no direct object
double negative: Two negatives in one clause (avoid): I don't have no pencil
parallel structure: Using the same pattern for items in a list
subject-verb agreement: The verb must match its subject in number
pronoun-antecedent agreement: A pronoun must match the noun it replaces

Free flashcards from Peabody at peabody.kids/flashcards/la-parts-of-speech