#separator:tab
#html:false
#tags column:4
Euclid Wrote the Elements, the foundation of geometry (about 300 BCE) math-mathematicians
Pythagoras Greek thinker linked to the Pythagorean theorem (6th century BCE) math-mathematicians
Archimedes Greek scholar who found area and volume of the sphere and estimated pi math-mathematicians
Eratosthenes Greek scholar who estimated Earth's size and made a sieve for primes math-mathematicians
Thales Early Greek geometer; the inscribed angle in a semicircle theorem math-mathematicians
Hypatia Mathematician and teacher in Alexandria, about 400 CE math-mathematicians
Diophantus Greek writer on equations, often called a father of algebra math-mathematicians
Aryabhata Indian mathematician and astronomer (born 476 CE); worked on pi and sines math-mathematicians
Brahmagupta Indian mathematician who gave rules for zero and negative numbers (628 CE) math-mathematicians
Al-Khwarizmi Persian scholar whose book on equations gave us the word algebra; 'algorithm' comes from his name math-mathematicians
Omar Khayyam Persian poet and mathematician who studied cubic equations math-mathematicians
Fibonacci (Leonardo of Pisa) Brought Hindu-Arabic numerals to Europe; the Fibonacci sequence math-mathematicians
Zu Chongzhi Chinese mathematician who found pi to about 7 digits (5th century) math-mathematicians
Liu Hui Chinese mathematician who estimated pi with polygons (3rd century) math-mathematicians
Madhava Indian mathematician who found infinite series for sine, cosine and pi (14th century) math-mathematicians
Ramanujan Indian mathematician known for remarkable formulas and number theory (1887-1920) math-mathematicians
René Descartes Created the coordinate plane linking algebra and geometry math-mathematicians
Pierre de Fermat Number theory; Fermat's Last Theorem math-mathematicians
Blaise Pascal Pascal's triangle and early probability math-mathematicians
Isaac Newton Co-inventor of calculus; laws of motion and gravity math-mathematicians
Gottfried Leibniz Co-inventor of calculus; the integral and derivative notation we use math-mathematicians
Leonhard Euler Prolific Swiss mathematician; e, i, graph theory, Euler's formula math-mathematicians
Carl Friedrich Gauss German 'prince of mathematicians'; number theory, the bell curve, 1 to 100 sum story math-mathematicians
Joseph-Louis Lagrange Mechanics and number theory math-mathematicians
Pierre-Simon Laplace Probability and celestial mechanics math-mathematicians
Sophie Germain French mathematician who worked on primes and elasticity math-mathematicians
Évariste Galois Showed which polynomial equations can be solved by formulas; founded group theory math-mathematicians
Niels Henrik Abel Norwegian mathematician; proved the quintic has no general formula math-mathematicians
Bernhard Riemann German mathematician; Riemann hypothesis, geometry of curved spaces math-mathematicians
Georg Cantor Founded set theory; showed that some infinities are bigger than others math-mathematicians
David Hilbert German mathematician who posed 23 famous problems in 1900 math-mathematicians
Henri Poincaré French mathematician; topology and chaos math-mathematicians
Emmy Noether German mathematician; abstract algebra and Noether's theorem math-mathematicians
Ada Lovelace Wrote the first published computer program (1843) for Babbage's engine math-mathematicians
Charles Babbage Designed early mechanical computers math-mathematicians
Florence Nightingale Nurse who used statistical charts to improve health care math-mathematicians
Mary Somerville Scottish science writer and mathematician (1780-1872) math-mathematicians
Maria Gaetana Agnesi Italian mathematician who wrote an early calculus textbook math-mathematicians
Kurt Gödel Showed math systems have true statements that cannot be proven (1931) math-mathematicians
Alan Turing Founded theoretical computer science; broke wartime codes math-mathematicians
John von Neumann Game theory and computer architecture math-mathematicians
Claude Shannon Founded information theory math-mathematicians
Katherine Johnson NASA mathematician who calculated orbits and flight paths math-mathematicians
Dorothy Vaughan NASA mathematician and computer programmer math-mathematicians
Mary Jackson NASA mathematician and the agency's first Black female engineer math-mathematicians
Grace Hopper Computer scientist and Navy admiral; early programming languages math-mathematicians
Maryam Mirzakhani Iranian mathematician; first woman to win the Fields Medal (2014) math-mathematicians
Terence Tao Australian-American mathematician; Fields Medal in 2006 math-mathematicians
Andrew Wiles Proved Fermat's Last Theorem (1994-95) math-mathematicians
Paul Erdős Hungarian mathematician who wrote with hundreds of collaborators math-mathematicians
Benoit Mandelbrot Fractal geometry math-mathematicians
John Napier Scottish inventor of logarithms (1614) math-mathematicians
Robert Recorde Introduced the equals sign in 1557 math-mathematicians
William Oughtred Invented the slide rule; used × for multiplication math-mathematicians
George Boole Boolean algebra, the basis of computer logic math-mathematicians
Carl Jacobi German mathematician; elliptic functions and determinants math-mathematicians
Augustin-Louis Cauchy French mathematician who made calculus rigorous math-mathematicians
Johannes Kepler Astronomer and mathematician; laws of planetary motion math-mathematicians
Galileo Galilei Italian scientist who used math to describe motion math-mathematicians
Thomas Bayes English statistician; Bayes' theorem math-mathematicians
Karl Pearson Founded modern statistics; the correlation coefficient math-mathematicians
G. H. Hardy English mathematician who recognized Ramanujan's genius math-mathematicians
Hipparchus Greek astronomer who began trigonometry tables math-mathematicians