{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/math-vocab-3-5",
 "id": "math-vocab-3-5",
 "title": "Math Words for Grades 3-5",
 "category": "math",
 "subject": "Math",
 "levels": [
  "3-5"
 ],
 "description": "Key math vocabulary for multiplication, fractions, decimals, geometry and data.",
 "tags": [
  "vocabulary",
  "elementary"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Word",
 "backLabel": "Meaning",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Factor",
   "A number that multiplies with another to make a product",
   "3 and 4 are factors of 12"
  ],
  [
   "Product",
   "The answer to a multiplication problem"
  ],
  [
   "Quotient",
   "The answer to a division problem"
  ],
  [
   "Dividend",
   "The number being divided",
   "In 12 ÷ 3, it is 12"
  ],
  [
   "Divisor",
   "The number you divide by",
   "In 12 ÷ 3, it is 3"
  ],
  [
   "Remainder",
   "What is left over after dividing"
  ],
  [
   "Multiple",
   "What you get when you multiply a number by 1, 2, 3, ...",
   "Multiples of 5: 5, 10, 15"
  ],
  [
   "Prime number",
   "A number greater than 1 with exactly two factors, 1 and itself"
  ],
  [
   "Composite number",
   "A number with more than two factors"
  ],
  [
   "Array",
   "Objects arranged in equal rows and columns"
  ],
  [
   "Equation",
   "A math sentence with an equals sign"
  ],
  [
   "Expression",
   "Numbers and operation signs with no equals sign",
   "3 × 4 + 2"
  ],
  [
   "Variable",
   "A letter that stands for an unknown number"
  ],
  [
   "Numerator",
   "The top number in a fraction; how many parts we have"
  ],
  [
   "Denominator",
   "The bottom number in a fraction; how many equal parts in the whole"
  ],
  [
   "Equivalent fractions",
   "Fractions that name the same amount",
   "1/2 and 2/4"
  ],
  [
   "Mixed number",
   "A whole number and a fraction together",
   "2 1/3"
  ],
  [
   "Improper fraction",
   "A fraction whose numerator is greater than or equal to its denominator",
   "7/4"
  ],
  [
   "Unit fraction",
   "A fraction with 1 on top",
   "1/5"
  ],
  [
   "Simplest form",
   "A fraction that cannot be made smaller; the top and bottom share no factor but 1"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal",
   "A number written with a decimal point to show parts of a whole",
   "0.75"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal point",
   "The dot that separates ones from tenths"
  ],
  [
   "Tenths",
   "The first place right of the decimal point"
  ],
  [
   "Hundredths",
   "The second place right of the decimal point"
  ],
  [
   "Round",
   "Replace a number with a nearby number that is easier to use"
  ],
  [
   "Estimate",
   "Find an answer that is close but not exact"
  ],
  [
   "Regroup",
   "Trade between place values, such as 10 ones for 1 ten"
  ],
  [
   "Place value",
   "The value of a digit based on where it sits in a number"
  ],
  [
   "Perimeter",
   "The distance around a shape"
  ],
  [
   "Area",
   "The amount of flat space inside a shape, in square units"
  ],
  [
   "Volume",
   "The amount of space inside a solid, in cubic units"
  ],
  [
   "Capacity",
   "How much a container can hold"
  ],
  [
   "Angle",
   "Formed where two rays meet at a point"
  ],
  [
   "Right angle",
   "An angle of exactly 90 degrees, like a square corner"
  ],
  [
   "Acute angle",
   "An angle less than 90 degrees"
  ],
  [
   "Obtuse angle",
   "An angle greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees"
  ],
  [
   "Straight angle",
   "An angle of exactly 180 degrees"
  ],
  [
   "Parallel lines",
   "Lines that stay the same distance apart and never meet"
  ],
  [
   "Perpendicular lines",
   "Lines that meet at a right angle"
  ],
  [
   "Intersecting lines",
   "Lines that cross each other"
  ],
  [
   "Line segment",
   "Part of a line with two endpoints"
  ],
  [
   "Ray",
   "Part of a line with one endpoint that goes on forever in one direction"
  ],
  [
   "Point",
   "An exact location with no size"
  ],
  [
   "Polygon",
   "A closed flat shape made of straight sides"
  ],
  [
   "Quadrilateral",
   "Any polygon with 4 sides"
  ],
  [
   "Pentagon",
   "A polygon with 5 sides"
  ],
  [
   "Hexagon",
   "A polygon with 6 sides"
  ],
  [
   "Octagon",
   "A polygon with 8 sides"
  ],
  [
   "Symmetry",
   "When a shape can be folded so both halves match exactly"
  ],
  [
   "Line of symmetry",
   "The fold line that makes two matching halves"
  ],
  [
   "Congruent",
   "Exactly the same size and shape"
  ],
  [
   "Face",
   "A flat surface of a solid shape"
  ],
  [
   "Edge",
   "Where two faces of a solid meet"
  ],
  [
   "Vertex",
   "A corner point of a shape or solid; plural is vertices"
  ],
  [
   "Elapsed time",
   "The amount of time that passes from start to end"
  ],
  [
   "Data",
   "Facts or numbers collected to learn something"
  ],
  [
   "Bar graph",
   "A graph that uses bars to compare amounts"
  ],
  [
   "Line plot",
   "A number line with marks above it to show how often values occur"
  ],
  [
   "Pictograph",
   "A graph that uses pictures to show data"
  ],
  [
   "Survey",
   "Asking a group of people questions to collect data"
  ],
  [
   "Mean",
   "The average: add all values and divide by how many there are"
  ],
  [
   "Median",
   "The middle value when the data are in order"
  ],
  [
   "Mode",
   "The value that appears most often"
  ],
  [
   "Range",
   "The highest value minus the lowest value"
  ],
  [
   "Commutative property",
   "You can swap the order of numbers when adding or multiplying",
   "3 × 4 = 4 × 3"
  ],
  [
   "Associative property",
   "You can regroup numbers when adding or multiplying and get the same answer"
  ],
  [
   "Distributive property",
   "Multiplying a sum equals multiplying each part and adding",
   "3 × (4 + 2) = 3 × 4 + 3 × 2"
  ],
  [
   "Identity property",
   "Adding 0 or multiplying by 1 leaves a number unchanged"
  ],
  [
   "Inverse operations",
   "Operations that undo each other",
   "Addition and subtraction"
  ],
  [
   "Ordered pair",
   "Two numbers in parentheses that name a point on a grid",
   "(3, 5)"
  ],
  [
   "Coordinate plane",
   "A flat grid made by a horizontal and a vertical number line"
  ],
  [
   "Digit",
   "One of the symbols 0 to 9"
  ],
  [
   "Compatible numbers",
   "Numbers that are easy to compute with in your head"
  ],
  [
   "Unit",
   "A fixed amount used to measure, like an inch or a gram"
  ],
  [
   "Weight",
   "How heavy something is"
  ],
  [
   "Mass",
   "The amount of matter in an object"
  ],
  [
   "Fraction",
   "A number that names equal parts of a whole"
  ]
 ]
}