{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/music-jazz-rock-pop-history",
 "id": "music-jazz-rock-pop-history",
 "title": "Jazz, Rock and Pop History",
 "category": "arts-music",
 "subject": "Popular Music",
 "levels": [
  "6-8",
  "9-12",
  "adult"
 ],
 "description": "Key styles, artists and moments in American and world popular music.",
 "tags": [
  "jazz",
  "rock",
  "pop",
  "blues",
  "history"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Question",
 "backLabel": "Answer",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Where did jazz begin?",
   "New Orleans, Louisiana, in the early 1900s"
  ],
  [
   "Improvisation",
   "Making up music on the spot, a heart of jazz"
  ],
  [
   "Swing",
   "A jazz style with a bouncy rhythm, popular in the 1930s and 1940s"
  ],
  [
   "Bebop",
   "Fast, complex jazz of the 1940s"
  ],
  [
   "Cool jazz",
   "A calmer, smoother jazz style of the 1950s"
  ],
  [
   "Louis Armstrong",
   "Trumpeter and singer from New Orleans, a jazz pioneer"
  ],
  [
   "Duke Ellington",
   "Pianist and bandleader who wrote Take the A Train"
  ],
  [
   "Ella Fitzgerald",
   "Singer known as the First Lady of Song, famed for scat singing"
  ],
  [
   "Scat singing",
   "Singing nonsense syllables as an instrument"
  ],
  [
   "Miles Davis",
   "Trumpeter who recorded Kind of Blue in 1959"
  ],
  [
   "John Coltrane",
   "Saxophonist who recorded A Love Supreme"
  ],
  [
   "Dizzy Gillespie",
   "Trumpeter with a bent horn who helped create bebop"
  ],
  [
   "Charlie Parker",
   "Saxophonist nicknamed Bird, a founder of bebop"
  ],
  [
   "Thelonious Monk",
   "Jazz pianist and composer known for unusual rhythm and harmony"
  ],
  [
   "Count Basie",
   "Pianist and bandleader of a famous swing orchestra"
  ],
  [
   "Billie Holiday",
   "Jazz singer nicknamed Lady Day"
  ],
  [
   "Dave Brubeck",
   "Pianist known for Take Five in 5/4 time"
  ],
  [
   "Blues",
   "A style rooted in African American communities of the Deep South, often 12 bars"
  ],
  [
   "Delta blues",
   "Early blues from the Mississippi Delta region"
  ],
  [
   "B.B. King",
   "Blues guitarist who named his guitar Lucille"
  ],
  [
   "Muddy Waters",
   "Chicago blues pioneer"
  ],
  [
   "Gospel music",
   "Religious songs with powerful singing and a strong beat"
  ],
  [
   "Ragtime",
   "Syncopated piano style of the 1890s and early 1900s, led by Scott Joplin"
  ],
  [
   "Scott Joplin",
   "Composer of The Entertainer and Maple Leaf Rag"
  ],
  [
   "Country music",
   "Style from the American South with stories, guitar and fiddle; Nashville is a hub"
  ],
  [
   "Grand Ole Opry",
   "Famous country music radio show in Nashville"
  ],
  [
   "Johnny Cash",
   "Country singer called the Man in Black"
  ],
  [
   "Dolly Parton",
   "Country singer and songwriter who wrote I Will Always Love You"
  ],
  [
   "Rock and roll",
   "Style born in the 1950s from blues, country and gospel"
  ],
  [
   "Elvis Presley",
   "Rock and roll star from Memphis nicknamed the King"
  ],
  [
   "Chuck Berry",
   "Rock and roll guitarist famous for Johnny B. Goode and duck walk"
  ],
  [
   "Little Richard",
   "Rock and roll pianist and singer of Tutti Frutti"
  ],
  [
   "Buddy Holly",
   "Rock and roll singer-songwriter from Lubbock, Texas"
  ],
  [
   "The Beatles",
   "British band from Liverpool: John, Paul, George and Ringo"
  ],
  [
   "The Beatles on The Ed Sullivan Show",
   "1964, watched by about 73 million Americans"
  ],
  [
   "The Rolling Stones",
   "British rock band formed in London in 1962"
  ],
  [
   "Motown",
   "Detroit record label founded in 1959 by Berry Gordy"
  ],
  [
   "Stevie Wonder",
   "Motown singer and musician who started recording as a child"
  ],
  [
   "Aretha Franklin",
   "Soul singer called the Queen of Soul"
  ],
  [
   "James Brown",
   "Soul performer called the Godfather of Soul and a pioneer of funk"
  ],
  [
   "Folk revival",
   "1960s movement of acoustic songs about life and justice"
  ],
  [
   "Bob Dylan",
   "Folk and rock songwriter who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016"
  ],
  [
   "Woodstock",
   "1969 music festival in New York with about 400,000 people"
  ],
  [
   "Jimi Hendrix",
   "Electric guitar legend who played Woodstock in 1969"
  ],
  [
   "Led Zeppelin",
   "British hard rock band formed in 1968"
  ],
  [
   "Pink Floyd",
   "British band known for the album The Dark Side of the Moon"
  ],
  [
   "Queen",
   "British band led by Freddie Mercury, singers of Bohemian Rhapsody"
  ],
  [
   "Disco",
   "Dance music of the 1970s"
  ],
  [
   "Punk rock",
   "Fast, short, raw rock from the mid-1970s"
  ],
  [
   "Hip-hop",
   "Culture born in the Bronx, New York, in the 1970s: rapping, DJing, breakdancing, graffiti"
  ],
  [
   "DJ Kool Herc",
   "Early hip-hop pioneer who hosted Bronx parties in 1973"
  ],
  [
   "MTV",
   "Music video channel launched in 1981"
  ],
  [
   "Michael Jackson",
   "Pop star whose album Thriller was released in 1982"
  ],
  [
   "Madonna",
   "Pop singer who rose to fame in the 1980s"
  ],
  [
   "Whitney Houston",
   "Pop and R&B singer of the 1980s and 90s"
  ],
  [
   "Prince",
   "Minneapolis musician known for Purple Rain"
  ],
  [
   "Grunge",
   "1990s rock style from Seattle, including Nirvana"
  ],
  [
   "Nirvana",
   "Seattle grunge band formed in 1987"
  ],
  [
   "Napster",
   "Music file-sharing service launched in 1999"
  ],
  [
   "iTunes Store",
   "Apple's music store opened in 2003"
  ],
  [
   "Streaming",
   "Playing music over the internet without owning the files"
  ],
  [
   "Electric guitar",
   "Guitar using pickups and an amplifier, key to rock music"
  ],
  [
   "Synthesizer",
   "Electronic instrument that makes sounds with circuits, popular from the 1970s"
  ],
  [
   "Taylor Swift",
   "Pop and country singer-songwriter from Pennsylvania who released her first album in 2006"
  ],
  [
   "Reggae",
   "Jamaican style with offbeat rhythm, made famous by Bob Marley"
  ],
  [
   "Bob Marley",
   "Jamaican reggae star"
  ],
  [
   "K-pop",
   "Pop music from South Korea"
  ],
  [
   "Latin pop",
   "Pop with Spanish language and Latin rhythms"
  ],
  [
   "Salsa",
   "Latin dance music with roots in Cuba and Puerto Rico"
  ]
 ]
}