{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/music-symbols",
 "id": "music-symbols",
 "title": "Music Symbols",
 "category": "arts-music",
 "subject": "Music Theory",
 "levels": [
  "3-5",
  "6-8",
  "9-12"
 ],
 "description": "What the marks and signs on a page of sheet music tell you to do.",
 "tags": [
  "symbols",
  "notation",
  "sheet music"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Symbol",
 "backLabel": "Meaning",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Treble clef",
   "Marks the G line; used for higher notes"
  ],
  [
   "Bass clef",
   "Marks the F line; used for lower notes"
  ],
  [
   "Alto clef",
   "A C clef used by the viola"
  ],
  [
   "Staff",
   "Five lines and four spaces where notes are written"
  ],
  [
   "Sharp (#)",
   "Raises a note by a half step"
  ],
  [
   "Flat (b)",
   "Lowers a note by a half step"
  ],
  [
   "Natural",
   "Cancels a sharp or flat"
  ],
  [
   "Double sharp",
   "Raises a note by two half steps (a whole step)"
  ],
  [
   "Double flat",
   "Lowers a note by two half steps"
  ],
  [
   "Accidental",
   "A sharp, flat or natural added to a note outside the key signature"
  ],
  [
   "Key signature",
   "Sharps or flats at the start telling which notes are altered"
  ],
  [
   "Time signature",
   "Numbers showing beats per measure and the beat note"
  ],
  [
   "Bar line",
   "Divides music into measures"
  ],
  [
   "Brace",
   "Joins two staves played together, like piano staves"
  ],
  [
   "Repeat sign",
   "Play the section again"
  ],
  [
   "First and second endings",
   "Brackets showing different endings on a repeat"
  ],
  [
   "Fermata",
   "Hold longer than written"
  ],
  [
   "Tie",
   "Curved line joining two notes of the same pitch"
  ],
  [
   "Slur",
   "Curved line over different notes for smooth playing"
  ],
  [
   "Staccato dot",
   "Play short and detached"
  ],
  [
   "Accent (>)",
   "Play the note louder or with emphasis"
  ],
  [
   "Tenuto line",
   "Hold the note for its full value"
  ],
  [
   "Dotted note",
   "Adds half its value"
  ],
  [
   "Rest",
   "Silence for a set length"
  ],
  [
   "Crescendo hairpin",
   "Open wedge shape meaning gradually louder"
  ],
  [
   "Decrescendo hairpin",
   "Closing wedge shape meaning gradually softer"
  ],
  [
   "Coda sign",
   "Marks a jump to the ending section"
  ],
  [
   "Segno sign",
   "Marks a place to return to"
  ],
  [
   "D.C. al Fine",
   "Go back to the beginning and play to Fine"
  ],
  [
   "D.S. al Coda",
   "Go back to the sign, then jump to the coda"
  ],
  [
   "8va",
   "Play an octave higher than written"
  ],
  [
   "8vb",
   "Play an octave lower than written"
  ],
  [
   "Trill",
   "Quickly alternate between a note and the one above it"
  ],
  [
   "Mordent",
   "A quick alternation with the note above or below"
  ],
  [
   "Grace note",
   "A tiny note played very quickly before the main note"
  ],
  [
   "Turn",
   "A decoration that circles around a note"
  ],
  [
   "Glissando",
   "A slide from one note to another"
  ],
  [
   "Arpeggio sign",
   "A wavy line meaning play the chord notes one after another"
  ],
  [
   "Tremolo",
   "Rapid repetition of a note or alternation of two notes"
  ],
  [
   "Pedal marking",
   "Shows when to press and release the piano sustain pedal"
  ],
  [
   "Ledger line",
   "Short extra line for notes above or below the staff"
  ],
  [
   "Beam",
   "Joins the flags of several short notes"
  ],
  [
   "Stem",
   "The vertical line attached to a note head"
  ],
  [
   "Flag",
   "The curved tail on an eighth or shorter note"
  ],
  [
   "Note head",
   "The oval part of a note"
  ],
  [
   "Triplet bracket (3)",
   "Three notes in the time of two"
  ],
  [
   "Pickup note",
   "A note before the first full measure"
  ],
  [
   "Final double bar",
   "Marks the end of a piece"
  ],
  [
   "Chord symbol",
   "Letters above the staff naming the chord, like C or Am"
  ],
  [
   "Fingering numbers",
   "Numbers showing which finger to use"
  ],
  [
   "Tempo marking",
   "Words or numbers at the start telling how fast to play"
  ],
  [
   "Dynamic marking",
   "Letters like p or f telling how loud"
  ],
  [
   "Breath mark",
   "Shows where a singer or wind player takes a breath"
  ],
  [
   "Caesura (//)",
   "A short silent break in the music"
  ],
  [
   "Measure number",
   "A number at the start of a line marking the bar"
  ],
  [
   "Harmonic (small circle)",
   "Play a string harmonic or a light overtone"
  ],
  [
   "Down bow",
   "Pull the bow down on a string instrument"
  ],
  [
   "Up bow",
   "Push the bow up on a string instrument"
  ],
  [
   "Mute marking",
   "Use a mute on the instrument"
  ],
  [
   "Simile",
   "Keep playing in the same manner"
  ]
 ]
}