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Energy The ability to cause change or do work phys-energy
Kinetic energy Energy of movement phys-energy
Potential energy Stored energy phys-energy
Mechanical energy Kinetic plus potential energy of an object phys-energy
Chemical energy Energy stored in food, fuel and batteries phys-energy
Electrical energy Energy of moving electric charges phys-energy
Thermal energy Energy of moving particles; felt as heat phys-energy
Light (radiant) energy Energy carried by electromagnetic waves phys-energy
Sound energy Energy carried by vibrations phys-energy
Nuclear energy Energy stored in an atom's nucleus phys-energy
Elastic energy Energy stored in a stretched rubber band or spring phys-energy
Gravitational energy Energy stored by an object that is high up phys-energy
Energy change in a lamp Electrical to light and heat phys-energy
Energy change in a toaster Electrical to heat phys-energy
Energy change in a car engine Chemical to thermal to motion phys-energy
Energy change in a solar cell Light to electrical phys-energy
Energy change in a battery Chemical to electrical phys-energy
Energy change in a microphone Sound to electrical phys-energy
Energy change in a speaker Electrical to sound phys-energy
Energy change in a plant Light to chemical phys-energy
Energy change in a falling ball Potential to kinetic phys-energy
Energy change in rubbing hands Motion to heat phys-energy
Energy change in a hydroelectric dam Gravitational potential to kinetic to electrical phys-energy
Renewable energy Energy from sources that can be replaced naturally phys-energy
Nonrenewable energy Energy from sources that cannot be replaced soon phys-energy
Fossil fuels Coal, oil and natural gas made from ancient living things phys-energy
Coal A solid fossil fuel made from ancient plants phys-energy
Petroleum Liquid fossil fuel also called crude oil phys-energy
Natural gas Fossil fuel made mostly of methane phys-energy
Solar energy Energy from the Sun phys-energy
Wind energy Energy from moving air that turns turbines phys-energy
Hydroelectric power Electricity from moving water phys-energy
Geothermal energy Heat from inside the Earth phys-energy
Biomass Energy from burning plants or waste phys-energy
Biofuel Fuel made from plants, like ethanol phys-energy
Tidal energy Energy from the rise and fall of ocean tides phys-energy
Nuclear power Electricity from splitting atoms in a reactor phys-energy
Uranium The fuel used in most nuclear plants phys-energy
Photovoltaic cell A solar cell that makes electricity from light phys-energy
Turbine A wheel that spins to run a generator phys-energy
Generator A machine that turns motion into electricity phys-energy
Power plant A facility that makes electricity phys-energy
Energy conservation Using less energy phys-energy
Energy efficiency Getting the same job done using less energy phys-energy
Greenhouse gas A gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide phys-energy
Sun's energy source Nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium phys-energy
Law of conservation of energy Energy is never made or destroyed, only changed phys-energy
Where does most of Earth's energy come from? The Sun phys-energy
Joule The unit of energy phys-energy
Watt A rate of energy use, one joule per second phys-energy
Kilowatt-hour A unit of electrical energy used on a power bill phys-energy
Calorie A unit of energy in food (the Calorie on labels is 1,000 small calories) phys-energy
Grid The network that delivers electricity to homes phys-energy
Battery Stores chemical energy and gives electrical energy phys-energy
Fuel cell A device that makes electricity from a reaction such as hydrogen with oxygen phys-energy
Wasted energy Energy that ends up as unwanted heat phys-energy
Insulation Material that slows heat loss phys-energy
LED A light bulb that uses much less energy than an old incandescent bulb phys-energy
Passive solar Using building design to gather the Sun's heat phys-energy
Smart meter A meter that tracks electricity use in detail phys-energy