{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/phys-light-sound-waves",
 "id": "phys-light-sound-waves",
 "title": "Light, Sound and Waves",
 "category": "science",
 "subject": "Physics",
 "levels": [
  "3-5",
  "6-8",
  "9-12"
 ],
 "description": "How light and sound behave, and the electromagnetic spectrum.",
 "tags": [
  "light",
  "sound",
  "waves"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Question",
 "backLabel": "Answer",
 "cards": [
  [
   "What makes sound?",
   "Vibrations"
  ],
  [
   "Can sound travel in space?",
   "No; it needs matter to travel through"
  ],
  [
   "Does sound travel faster in air or water?",
   "Water"
  ],
  [
   "Sound travels fastest through",
   "Solids"
  ],
  [
   "Pitch",
   "How high or low a sound is"
  ],
  [
   "What determines pitch?",
   "Frequency"
  ],
  [
   "Volume (loudness)",
   "How strong a sound is; depends on amplitude"
  ],
  [
   "Unit of loudness",
   "Decibel"
  ],
  [
   "Echo",
   "A sound that bounces off a surface and comes back"
  ],
  [
   "Ultrasound",
   "Sound with frequency too high for humans to hear"
  ],
  [
   "Infrasound",
   "Sound with frequency too low for humans to hear"
  ],
  [
   "Range of human hearing, roughly",
   "20 to 20,000 hertz"
  ],
  [
   "Sonar",
   "Using sound echoes to find objects underwater"
  ],
  [
   "Echolocation",
   "Animals such as bats and dolphins using echoes to find things"
  ],
  [
   "Speed of sound in air, roughly",
   "343 meters per second"
  ],
  [
   "Sonic boom",
   "A loud noise made when something travels faster than sound"
  ],
  [
   "Speed of light",
   "About 300,000 kilometers per second"
  ],
  [
   "Why do we see lightning before we hear thunder?",
   "Light travels much faster than sound"
  ],
  [
   "Light travels in",
   "Straight lines"
  ],
  [
   "Reflection of light",
   "Light bouncing off a surface"
  ],
  [
   "Refraction of light",
   "Light bending when it enters a new material"
  ],
  [
   "What does a prism do?",
   "Splits white light into a rainbow of colors"
  ],
  [
   "Colors of the rainbow in order",
   "Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet"
  ],
  [
   "Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength?",
   "Red"
  ],
  [
   "Which color has the shortest wavelength?",
   "Violet"
  ],
  [
   "Transparent",
   "Lets light pass through clearly"
  ],
  [
   "Translucent",
   "Lets some light through but scatters it"
  ],
  [
   "Opaque",
   "Blocks light"
  ],
  [
   "Shadow",
   "A dark area where an object blocks light"
  ],
  [
   "Convex lens",
   "A lens thicker in the middle; makes light converge"
  ],
  [
   "Concave lens",
   "A lens thinner in the middle; makes light spread out"
  ],
  [
   "Plane mirror",
   "A flat mirror that forms an image the same size as the object"
  ],
  [
   "Concave mirror",
   "A mirror curved inward, like the inside of a spoon"
  ],
  [
   "Convex mirror",
   "A mirror curved outward, used as a car side mirror"
  ],
  [
   "Primary colors of light",
   "Red, green and blue"
  ],
  [
   "Primary colors of paint (traditional)",
   "Red, yellow and blue"
  ],
  [
   "Why is the sky blue?",
   "Air scatters blue light more than other colors"
  ],
  [
   "Why are sunsets red?",
   "Light passes through more air, scattering the blue away"
  ],
  [
   "Electromagnetic spectrum order, long to short wavelength",
   "Radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma ray"
  ],
  [
   "Radio waves are used for",
   "Radio, TV and phones"
  ],
  [
   "Microwaves are used for",
   "Cooking and communications"
  ],
  [
   "Infrared is felt as",
   "Heat"
  ],
  [
   "Ultraviolet light",
   "Causes sunburn and tanning"
  ],
  [
   "X-rays are used for",
   "Seeing bones and inside objects"
  ],
  [
   "Gamma rays",
   "The highest-energy waves"
  ],
  [
   "Laser",
   "A narrow beam of light of one wavelength"
  ],
  [
   "Fiber optics",
   "Thin glass fibers that carry light signals"
  ],
  [
   "Total internal reflection",
   "Light bouncing entirely inside a material like glass or water"
  ],
  [
   "Mirage",
   "An image caused by light bending in hot air"
  ],
  [
   "Wave",
   "A disturbance that carries energy"
  ],
  [
   "Crest",
   "The highest point of a wave"
  ],
  [
   "Trough",
   "The lowest point of a wave"
  ],
  [
   "Amplitude",
   "The height of a wave from rest position"
  ],
  [
   "Wavelength",
   "Distance between two crests"
  ],
  [
   "Frequency",
   "Waves per second"
  ],
  [
   "Medium",
   "The material a wave travels through"
  ],
  [
   "Resonance",
   "A strong vibration when something is pushed at its natural frequency"
  ],
  [
   "Interference",
   "Waves combining to be bigger or smaller"
  ],
  [
   "Doppler effect",
   "A siren sounds higher as it approaches and lower as it leaves"
  ]
 ]
}