#separator:tab #html:false #tags column:4 First artificial satellite, launched 1957 Sputnik 1 (Soviet Union) space-missions First animal in orbit, 1957 Laika the dog, on Sputnik 2 space-missions First human in space, 1961 Yuri Gagarin space-missions First American in space, 1961 Alan Shepard space-missions First American to orbit Earth, 1962 John Glenn space-missions First woman in space, 1963 Valentina Tereshkova space-missions First spacewalk, 1965 Alexei Leonov space-missions Project Mercury NASA's first program to put Americans in space space-missions Project Gemini NASA program of two-person flights that practiced docking and spacewalks space-missions Project Apollo NASA program that landed people on the Moon space-missions Apollo 8 First crewed mission to orbit the Moon, 1968 space-missions Apollo 11 First crewed Moon landing, July 1969 space-missions First person on the Moon Neil Armstrong space-missions Second person on the Moon Buzz Aldrin space-missions Apollo 11 command module pilot Michael Collins space-missions Armstrong's famous words That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind space-missions Apollo 13 1970 mission that returned safely after an oxygen tank failure space-missions Apollo 17 The last crewed Moon landing, December 1972 space-missions Lunar rover A vehicle astronauts drove on the Moon in later Apollo missions space-missions Skylab The first US space station, launched 1973 space-missions Salyut The first space station, launched by the Soviet Union in 1971 space-missions Mir A Soviet and Russian space station that orbited from 1986 to 2001 space-missions International Space Station A research station orbiting Earth, with crews living aboard since 2000 space-missions ISS orbit height, about 400 kilometers above Earth space-missions Space Shuttle NASA's reusable spacecraft that flew from 1981 to 2011 space-missions First Space Shuttle to orbit Columbia, 1981 space-missions Space Shuttle orbiters Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis and Endeavour space-missions First American woman in space Sally Ride, 1983 space-missions First African American in space from the US Guion Bluford, 1983 space-missions Mae Jemison The first African American woman in space, 1992 space-missions Hubble Space Telescope Orbiting telescope launched in 1990 space-missions Who is the Hubble named for? Astronomer Edwin Hubble space-missions Voyager 1 Probe launched in 1977; entered interstellar space in 2012 space-missions Voyager 2 Probe launched in 1977 that visited Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune space-missions Pioneer 10 The first spacecraft to fly past Jupiter, in 1973 space-missions Mariner 4 First spacecraft to photograph Mars up close, 1965 space-missions Viking 1 and 2 US probes that landed on Mars in 1976 space-missions Mars Pathfinder 1997 mission that carried the small rover Sojourner space-missions Spirit and Opportunity Twin Mars rovers that landed in 2004 space-missions Curiosity A Mars rover that landed in 2012 space-missions Cassini A probe that orbited Saturn from 2004 to 2017 space-missions Huygens A probe that landed on Saturn's moon Titan in 2005 space-missions Galileo A spacecraft that orbited Jupiter from 1995 to 2003 space-missions Juno A spacecraft that began orbiting Jupiter in 2016 space-missions New Horizons Probe that flew past Pluto in 2015 space-missions Magellan A probe that mapped Venus with radar in the early 1990s space-missions MESSENGER The first spacecraft to orbit Mercury, 2011 space-missions Dawn A spacecraft that orbited the asteroid Vesta and dwarf planet Ceres space-missions Rosetta European mission that orbited a comet and sent a lander in 2014 space-missions Kepler A space telescope that found thousands of planets around other stars space-missions Spitzer An infrared space telescope launched in 2003 space-missions Chandra A NASA X-ray space telescope launched in 1999 space-missions Parker Solar Probe Spacecraft launched in 2018 to fly close to the Sun space-missions OSIRIS-REx A probe that collected samples from asteroid Bennu in 2020 space-missions Hayabusa Japanese probes that returned samples from asteroids space-missions Chang'e 4 Chinese lander that touched down on the Moon's far side in 2019 space-missions Challenger disaster 1986 Space Shuttle accident in which seven crew members died space-missions Columbia disaster 2003 Space Shuttle accident that lost its seven crew space-missions Crew Dragon SpaceX capsule that carried NASA astronauts in 2020 space-missions Sputnik Russian for fellow traveler or satellite space-missions Longest single spaceflight by a woman, 2019-20 Christina Koch, 328 days space-missions Cosmonaut A Russian space traveler space-missions Taikonaut A Chinese space traveler space-missions Astronaut A space traveler from the United States and many other countries space-missions Launch pad The platform a rocket lifts off from space-missions Kennedy Space Center NASA's launch site in Florida space-missions Baikonur The launch site in Kazakhstan used by Russian rockets space-missions