{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/tech-binary-hex-numbers",
 "id": "tech-binary-hex-numbers",
 "title": "Binary, Hexadecimal and Data Units",
 "category": "technology",
 "subject": "Computer Science",
 "levels": [
  "6-8",
  "9-12",
  "college",
  "adult"
 ],
 "description": "Counting in base 2 and base 16, converting numbers, and how much data units hold.",
 "tags": [
  "binary",
  "hexadecimal",
  "number systems",
  "data units"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Question",
 "backLabel": "Answer",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Binary uses which digits?",
   "0 and 1 (base 2)"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal uses which digits?",
   "0 to 9 (base 10)"
  ],
  [
   "Hexadecimal uses which digits?",
   "0 to 9 and A to F (base 16)"
  ],
  [
   "Octal uses which digits?",
   "0 to 7 (base 8)"
  ],
  [
   "Bit",
   "A single binary digit"
  ],
  [
   "Byte",
   "8 bits"
  ],
  [
   "Nibble",
   "4 bits, one hex digit"
  ],
  [
   "Place values in an 8-bit byte",
   "128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 0 in decimal",
   "0"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 1 in decimal",
   "1"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 10 in decimal",
   "2"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 11 in decimal",
   "3"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 100 in decimal",
   "4"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 101 in decimal",
   "5"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 110 in decimal",
   "6"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 111 in decimal",
   "7"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 1000 in decimal",
   "8"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 1001 in decimal",
   "9"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 1010 in decimal",
   "10"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 1111 in decimal",
   "15"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 10000 in decimal",
   "16"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 11111111 in decimal",
   "255"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 10101010 in decimal",
   "170"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 1100100 in decimal",
   "100"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 100000 in decimal",
   "32"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 12 in binary",
   "1100"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 20 in binary",
   "10100"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 25 in binary",
   "11001"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 50 in binary",
   "110010"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 64 in binary",
   "1000000"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 100 in binary",
   "1100100"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 128 in binary",
   "10000000"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 255 in binary",
   "11111111"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 10 in hex",
   "A"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 11 in hex",
   "B"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 12 in hex",
   "C"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 13 in hex",
   "D"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 14 in hex",
   "E"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 15 in hex",
   "F"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 16 in hex",
   "10"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 31 in hex",
   "1F"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 32 in hex",
   "20"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 100 in hex",
   "64"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 255 in hex",
   "FF"
  ],
  [
   "Decimal 256 in hex",
   "100"
  ],
  [
   "Hex FF in decimal",
   "255"
  ],
  [
   "Hex 10 in decimal",
   "16"
  ],
  [
   "Hex 1A in decimal",
   "26"
  ],
  [
   "Hex 20 in decimal",
   "32"
  ],
  [
   "Hex 7F in decimal",
   "127"
  ],
  [
   "Hex 80 in decimal",
   "128"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 1111 in hex",
   "F"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 1010 in hex",
   "A"
  ],
  [
   "Binary 11110000 in hex",
   "F0"
  ],
  [
   "Hex FF in binary",
   "11111111"
  ],
  [
   "Hex 0F in binary",
   "00001111"
  ],
  [
   "Powers of 2: 2^8",
   "256"
  ],
  [
   "Powers of 2: 2^10",
   "1,024"
  ],
  [
   "Powers of 2: 2^16",
   "65,536"
  ],
  [
   "Powers of 2: 2^32",
   "4,294,967,296"
  ],
  [
   "Number of values in 1 byte",
   "256 (0 to 255)"
  ],
  [
   "Number of values with n bits",
   "2 to the power n"
  ],
  [
   "Number of values in 4 bits",
   "16"
  ],
  [
   "Largest unsigned 8-bit number",
   "255"
  ],
  [
   "Kilobyte (KB)",
   "About 1,000 bytes (1,024 in older binary usage)"
  ],
  [
   "Megabyte (MB)",
   "About 1 million bytes"
  ],
  [
   "Gigabyte (GB)",
   "About 1 billion bytes"
  ],
  [
   "Terabyte (TB)",
   "About 1 trillion bytes"
  ],
  [
   "Kibibyte, mebibyte (KiB, MiB)",
   "Units based on exactly 1,024"
  ],
  [
   "Hex color #FF0000",
   "Red"
  ],
  [
   "Hex color #00FF00",
   "Green"
  ],
  [
   "Hex color #0000FF",
   "Blue"
  ],
  [
   "Hex color #FFFFFF",
   "White"
  ],
  [
   "Hex color #000000",
   "Black"
  ],
  [
   "ASCII",
   "A code that gives each character a number, e.g. A is 65"
  ],
  [
   "ASCII 'A' in decimal",
   "65"
  ],
  [
   "ASCII 'a' in decimal",
   "97"
  ],
  [
   "ASCII '0' in decimal",
   "48"
  ],
  [
   "Unicode",
   "A standard that gives a number to characters from all languages and emoji"
  ],
  [
   "UTF-8",
   "A common way to store Unicode characters in bytes"
  ],
  [
   "Two's complement",
   "The method computers use to store negative numbers in binary"
  ],
  [
   "Binary addition: 1 + 1",
   "10 (that is, 0 carry 1)"
  ],
  [
   "Binary addition: 101 + 11",
   "1000"
  ],
  [
   "Logic gate AND",
   "Outputs 1 only if both inputs are 1"
  ],
  [
   "Logic gate OR",
   "Outputs 1 if at least one input is 1"
  ],
  [
   "Logic gate NOT",
   "Flips the input"
  ],
  [
   "Logic gate XOR",
   "Outputs 1 if inputs differ"
  ],
  [
   "Why computers use binary",
   "Electronic switches have two states, on and off"
  ]
 ]
}