: The root element that wraps the whole page
: Declares the page uses modern HTML5
: Holds information about the page, not shown on screen
: The page title shown in the browser tab
<meta>: Metadata about the page, like character set
<link>: Links to outside files such as stylesheets
<style>: Holds CSS written inside the page
<script>: Holds or loads JavaScript
<body>: The visible content of the page
<h1>: The main heading, the largest
<h2> to <h6>: Smaller headings
<p>: A paragraph of text
<br>: A line break
<hr>: A horizontal line dividing content
<a href='url'>: A link to another page
<img src='pic.jpg' alt='description'>: Shows an image; alt describes it
<strong>: Important text, usually bold
<em>: Emphasized text, usually italic
<b>: Bold text without extra importance
<i>: Italic text
<u>: Underlined text
<mark>: Highlighted text
<code>: A short piece of computer code
<pre>: Preformatted text that keeps spaces and line breaks
<blockquote>: A long quotation
<ul>: An unordered (bulleted) list
<ol>: An ordered (numbered) list
<li>: One item in a list
<dl>, <dt>, <dd>: A description list, its term, and its description
<table>: A table
<tr>: A table row
<td>: A table cell
<th>: A table header cell
<thead>, <tbody>, <tfoot>: Parts of a table
<div>: A generic block container
<span>: A generic inline container
<header>: Introductory content or navigation area
<nav>: A group of navigation links
<main>: The main content of the page
<section>: A themed group of content
<article>: Independent content like a blog post
<aside>: Side content related to the main content
<footer>: Footer content, such as copyright
<figure> and <figcaption>: An image or diagram with a caption
<form>: A form to collect information
<input>: A field where users type or choose
<label>: A text label for a form control
<textarea>: A large multi-line text box
<select> and <option>: A dropdown menu and its choices
<button>: A clickable button
<fieldset> and <legend>: Groups form controls with a title
<audio>: Plays sound
<video>: Plays video
<source>: Specifies a media file for audio or video
<canvas>: A drawing area for graphics scripts
<svg>: Vector graphics drawn in code
<iframe>: Embeds another page inside the page
<details> and <summary>: A show/hide widget with a visible summary
<abbr>: An abbreviation
<time>: A date or time
<sup> and <sub>: Superscript and subscript text
Attribute: Extra information in a tag, like href or src
id attribute: A unique name for one element
class attribute: A name shared by many elements for styling
alt attribute: Text describing an image, for screen readers
href attribute: The link destination
src attribute: The source file of an image or script
target='_blank': Opens a link in a new tab
type attribute (input): Chooses the control type: text, checkbox, number and so on
placeholder attribute: Hint text shown in an empty input
required attribute: The form field must be filled in
Comment in HTML: <!-- comment -->
Self-closing (void) tags: Tags with no closing tag, like <br>, <img>, <input>
Nesting: Putting tags inside other tags
HTML stands for: HyperText Markup Language
Free flashcards from Peabody at peabody.kids/flashcards/tech-html-tags