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ls	List files and folders		tech-linux-commands
ls -l	List with details like size and permissions		tech-linux-commands
ls -a	List all files including hidden ones		tech-linux-commands
cd folder	Change into a folder		tech-linux-commands
cd ..	Go up one folder		tech-linux-commands
cd ~ or cd	Go to your home folder		tech-linux-commands
pwd	Print the current working directory		tech-linux-commands
mkdir name	Make a new folder		tech-linux-commands
rmdir name	Remove an empty folder		tech-linux-commands
touch file	Create an empty file or update its timestamp		tech-linux-commands
cp a b	Copy a file		tech-linux-commands
cp -r a b	Copy a folder and its contents		tech-linux-commands
mv a b	Move or rename a file		tech-linux-commands
rm file	Delete a file (no undo)		tech-linux-commands
rm -r folder	Delete a folder and contents (dangerous)		tech-linux-commands
cat file	Show a file's contents		tech-linux-commands
less file	View a file one page at a time		tech-linux-commands
head file	Show the first lines of a file		tech-linux-commands
tail file	Show the last lines of a file		tech-linux-commands
tail -f file	Follow a file as new lines are added		tech-linux-commands
echo text	Print text		tech-linux-commands
grep pattern file	Search for text in a file		tech-linux-commands
grep -r pattern .	Search recursively through folders		tech-linux-commands
find . -name 'x'	Find files by name		tech-linux-commands
wc -l file	Count lines in a file		tech-linux-commands
sort file	Sort lines		tech-linux-commands
uniq	Remove repeated adjacent lines		tech-linux-commands
diff a b	Show differences between two files		tech-linux-commands
chmod	Change file permissions		tech-linux-commands
chmod +x file	Make a file executable		tech-linux-commands
chown	Change the owner of a file		tech-linux-commands
sudo	Run a command with administrator privileges		tech-linux-commands
su	Switch user		tech-linux-commands
whoami	Show the current user name		tech-linux-commands
man command	Show the manual for a command		tech-linux-commands
--help	Show brief help for a command		tech-linux-commands
history	Show previous commands		tech-linux-commands
clear	Clear the terminal screen		tech-linux-commands
Ctrl+C	Stop the running command		tech-linux-commands
Ctrl+D	End input or log out		tech-linux-commands
Ctrl+L	Clear the screen		tech-linux-commands
Up arrow	Recall the previous command		tech-linux-commands
Tab key	Auto-complete a name		tech-linux-commands
ps	Show running processes		tech-linux-commands
top or htop	Show live process and resource usage		tech-linux-commands
kill PID	Stop a process by its ID		tech-linux-commands
df -h	Show disk space		tech-linux-commands
du -sh folder	Show a folder's size		tech-linux-commands
free -h	Show memory usage		tech-linux-commands
uname -a	Show system information		tech-linux-commands
date	Show the date and time		tech-linux-commands
ping host	Test network reachability		tech-linux-commands
curl url	Transfer data from a URL		tech-linux-commands
wget url	Download a file		tech-linux-commands
ssh user@host	Log in to a remote machine securely		tech-linux-commands
scp	Copy files securely between machines		tech-linux-commands
tar -czf out.tar.gz folder	Create a compressed archive		tech-linux-commands
tar -xzf file.tar.gz	Extract an archive		tech-linux-commands
zip and unzip	Compress and extract zip files		tech-linux-commands
apt install pkg	Install a package on Debian or Ubuntu		tech-linux-commands
brew install pkg	Install a package on macOS with Homebrew		tech-linux-commands
| (pipe)	Send the output of one command into another		tech-linux-commands
> (redirect)	Write output to a file, replacing it		tech-linux-commands
>> (append)	Add output to the end of a file		tech-linux-commands
< (input redirect)	Use a file as input		tech-linux-commands
&& (and)	Run the next command only if the first succeeds		tech-linux-commands
& (background)	Run a command in the background		tech-linux-commands
* (wildcard)	Matches any characters in filenames		tech-linux-commands
~ (tilde)	Your home directory		tech-linux-commands
. (dot)	The current directory		tech-linux-commands
.. (dot dot)	The parent directory		tech-linux-commands
/ (root)	The top of the file system		tech-linux-commands
Absolute path	A path starting from /		tech-linux-commands
Relative path	A path starting from the current folder		tech-linux-commands
Environment variable	A named value available to programs, like PATH		tech-linux-commands
PATH	A list of folders where the shell looks for commands		tech-linux-commands
export VAR=value	Set an environment variable		tech-linux-commands
Shell	A program that reads your commands		tech-linux-commands
bash	A popular shell		tech-linux-commands
Kernel	The core of an operating system		tech-linux-commands
Linux creator	Linus Torvalds, first released in 1991		tech-linux-commands
Tux	The penguin mascot of Linux		tech-linux-commands
Permissions rwx	Read, write and execute		tech-linux-commands
Hidden file	A file whose name begins with a dot		tech-linux-commands
nano	A simple text editor in the terminal		tech-linux-commands
vim	A powerful text editor, famous for being hard to exit (:q)		tech-linux-commands