{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/tech-spreadsheet-functions",
 "id": "tech-spreadsheet-functions",
 "title": "Spreadsheet Formulas and Terms",
 "category": "technology",
 "subject": "Computer Skills",
 "levels": [
  "6-8",
  "9-12",
  "college",
  "adult"
 ],
 "description": "Cells, formulas and common functions in Excel and Google Sheets.",
 "tags": [
  "spreadsheet",
  "Excel",
  "Google Sheets",
  "formulas"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Term",
 "backLabel": "Meaning",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Cell",
   "One box in a spreadsheet where a row and column meet"
  ],
  [
   "Cell reference",
   "The cell's address, like B3"
  ],
  [
   "Row",
   "A horizontal line of cells, labeled with numbers"
  ],
  [
   "Column",
   "A vertical line of cells, labeled with letters"
  ],
  [
   "Range",
   "A group of cells, like A1:A10"
  ],
  [
   "Worksheet (sheet)",
   "A single page of cells in a workbook"
  ],
  [
   "Workbook",
   "A file holding one or more sheets"
  ],
  [
   "Formula",
   "A calculation that starts with an equals sign"
  ],
  [
   "Function",
   "A built-in formula like SUM"
  ],
  [
   "=A1+B1",
   "Adds two cells"
  ],
  [
   "=A1*B1",
   "Multiplies two cells"
  ],
  [
   "=SUM(A1:A10)",
   "Adds a range"
  ],
  [
   "=AVERAGE(A1:A10)",
   "Finds the mean of a range"
  ],
  [
   "=MIN(A1:A10)",
   "Finds the smallest value"
  ],
  [
   "=MAX(A1:A10)",
   "Finds the largest value"
  ],
  [
   "=COUNT(A1:A10)",
   "Counts cells with numbers"
  ],
  [
   "=COUNTA(A1:A10)",
   "Counts non-empty cells"
  ],
  [
   "=ROUND(A1,2)",
   "Rounds to two decimal places"
  ],
  [
   "=IF(A1>10,'Yes','No')",
   "Returns one value if true and another if false"
  ],
  [
   "=AND() and =OR()",
   "Test several conditions"
  ],
  [
   "=COUNTIF(range,criteria)",
   "Counts cells that meet a rule"
  ],
  [
   "=SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range)",
   "Adds cells that meet a rule"
  ],
  [
   "=VLOOKUP()",
   "Looks up a value in the first column of a table"
  ],
  [
   "=XLOOKUP()",
   "A modern lookup function"
  ],
  [
   "=INDEX() and =MATCH()",
   "A flexible way to look things up"
  ],
  [
   "=CONCATENATE() or =A1&B1",
   "Joins text"
  ],
  [
   "=LEFT(A1,3)",
   "Takes the first 3 characters"
  ],
  [
   "=LEN(A1)",
   "Counts characters in a cell"
  ],
  [
   "=UPPER(A1)",
   "Makes text uppercase"
  ],
  [
   "=TODAY()",
   "Shows today's date"
  ],
  [
   "=NOW()",
   "Shows the date and time"
  ],
  [
   "Absolute reference",
   "Locks a cell with dollar signs, like $A$1"
  ],
  [
   "Relative reference",
   "A reference that changes when copied"
  ],
  [
   "Fill handle",
   "The small square in the corner of a cell you drag to copy"
  ],
  [
   "AutoSum",
   "A button that adds a column or row quickly"
  ],
  [
   "Sort",
   "Arrange rows in order"
  ],
  [
   "Filter",
   "Show only rows that meet a condition"
  ],
  [
   "Conditional formatting",
   "Changing cell colors based on values"
  ],
  [
   "Pivot table",
   "A summary table made from many rows of data"
  ],
  [
   "Chart",
   "A visual graph of data"
  ],
  [
   "Bar chart",
   "Compares categories with bars"
  ],
  [
   "Line chart",
   "Shows change over time"
  ],
  [
   "Pie chart",
   "Shows parts of a whole"
  ],
  [
   "Header row",
   "The top row naming each column"
  ],
  [
   "Freeze panes",
   "Keeps the header row visible while scrolling"
  ],
  [
   "Merge cells",
   "Combine cells into one"
  ],
  [
   "Data validation",
   "Limits what can be entered in a cell"
  ],
  [
   "#DIV/0!",
   "Error from dividing by zero"
  ],
  [
   "#REF!",
   "Error from a broken cell reference"
  ],
  [
   "#NAME?",
   "Error from a misspelled function name"
  ],
  [
   "#VALUE!",
   "Error from the wrong type of value"
  ],
  [
   "CSV",
   "A simple text file for spreadsheet data"
  ],
  [
   "Google Sheets",
   "A free online spreadsheet tool"
  ],
  [
   "Microsoft Excel",
   "A popular spreadsheet program first released in 1985"
  ],
  [
   "VisiCalc",
   "The first popular spreadsheet program, from 1979"
  ],
  [
   "Mean",
   "The average, found by adding and dividing"
  ],
  [
   "Median",
   "The middle value when ordered"
  ],
  [
   "Mode",
   "The most common value"
  ],
  [
   "Order of operations",
   "Parentheses, exponents, multiplication and division, then addition and subtraction"
  ],
  [
   "Percent formula",
   "=A1/B1 formatted as a percent"
  ],
  [
   "Number format",
   "Controls how a number looks: currency, date, percent"
  ],
  [
   "Template",
   "A premade spreadsheet layout"
  ],
  [
   "Named range",
   "A name given to a group of cells"
  ]
 ]
}