{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/tech-web-development-concepts",
 "id": "tech-web-development-concepts",
 "title": "Web Development Concepts",
 "category": "technology",
 "subject": "Web Development",
 "levels": [
  "9-12",
  "college",
  "adult"
 ],
 "description": "How websites are built: front end, back end, tools and standards.",
 "tags": [
  "web development",
  "front end",
  "back end",
  "tools"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Term",
 "backLabel": "Meaning",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Front end",
   "What the user sees and interacts with in the browser"
  ],
  [
   "Back end",
   "The server side that stores data and runs logic"
  ],
  [
   "Full stack",
   "Working on both front end and back end"
  ],
  [
   "HTML",
   "Structure and content of a web page"
  ],
  [
   "CSS",
   "Style and layout of a web page"
  ],
  [
   "JavaScript",
   "Programming language that makes pages interactive"
  ],
  [
   "DOM",
   "Document Object Model, the tree of elements in a page that scripts can change"
  ],
  [
   "Browser dev tools",
   "Built-in tools to inspect and debug pages"
  ],
  [
   "Responsive design",
   "Pages that adjust to screen size"
  ],
  [
   "Mobile first",
   "Designing for phones before larger screens"
  ],
  [
   "Accessibility (a11y)",
   "Making sites usable by people with disabilities"
  ],
  [
   "Alt text",
   "Text describing an image for screen readers"
  ],
  [
   "Screen reader",
   "Software that reads page content aloud"
  ],
  [
   "Semantic HTML",
   "Using tags that describe the meaning of content"
  ],
  [
   "WCAG",
   "Web Content Accessibility Guidelines"
  ],
  [
   "SEO",
   "Search engine optimization, helping pages be found in search"
  ],
  [
   "Meta description",
   "A short page summary shown in search results"
  ],
  [
   "Domain name",
   "The address people type to visit a site"
  ],
  [
   "Hosting",
   "A service that stores and serves your website"
  ],
  [
   "Web server",
   "Software that sends pages to browsers"
  ],
  [
   "HTTP request",
   "A browser asking a server for something"
  ],
  [
   "HTTP response",
   "The server's reply"
  ],
  [
   "GET request",
   "Asks to read data"
  ],
  [
   "POST request",
   "Sends data to the server"
  ],
  [
   "Status code",
   "A number telling how a request went"
  ],
  [
   "Cookie",
   "A small piece of data stored in the browser"
  ],
  [
   "Local storage",
   "Browser storage for data kept on the user's device"
  ],
  [
   "Session",
   "A visit during which a server remembers a user"
  ],
  [
   "API",
   "A way for programs to exchange data"
  ],
  [
   "REST API",
   "An API style using URLs and HTTP methods"
  ],
  [
   "JSON",
   "A text format for structured data"
  ],
  [
   "AJAX / fetch",
   "Loading data without reloading the page"
  ],
  [
   "Framework",
   "A toolkit for building apps, such as React or Django"
  ],
  [
   "React",
   "A JavaScript library for building user interfaces"
  ],
  [
   "Vue and Angular",
   "Other popular front-end frameworks"
  ],
  [
   "Node.js",
   "Runs JavaScript on servers"
  ],
  [
   "npm",
   "The package manager for JavaScript"
  ],
  [
   "Package manager",
   "A tool that installs and updates code libraries"
  ],
  [
   "Bundler",
   "A tool that combines many files into a few for the browser"
  ],
  [
   "Minify",
   "Remove spaces and comments to make files smaller"
  ],
  [
   "Compile / transpile",
   "Convert code into another form"
  ],
  [
   "TypeScript",
   "JavaScript with types"
  ],
  [
   "CSS preprocessor",
   "A tool like Sass that extends CSS"
  ],
  [
   "Database",
   "Where a site stores its data"
  ],
  [
   "CMS",
   "Content management system, like WordPress"
  ],
  [
   "Static site",
   "Pages that are fixed files, not made on request"
  ],
  [
   "Dynamic site",
   "Pages built on request, using data"
  ],
  [
   "Single-page app (SPA)",
   "A site that loads once and updates without full reloads"
  ],
  [
   "Server-side rendering",
   "Building pages on the server before sending them"
  ],
  [
   "Client-side rendering",
   "Building pages in the browser"
  ],
  [
   "Cache",
   "Stored copies to speed up loading"
  ],
  [
   "CDN",
   "Network of servers that deliver content quickly worldwide"
  ],
  [
   "Page load speed",
   "How fast a page appears; faster is better"
  ],
  [
   "Lazy loading",
   "Loading images only when needed"
  ],
  [
   "Image optimization",
   "Making images smaller without losing quality"
  ],
  [
   "HTTPS",
   "Encrypted connection for safety"
  ],
  [
   "CORS",
   "Rules about which sites can request data from others"
  ],
  [
   "Authentication",
   "Proving who a user is"
  ],
  [
   "Authorization",
   "Deciding what a user may do"
  ],
  [
   "Hash passwords",
   "Never store plain passwords"
  ],
  [
   "Sanitize input",
   "Clean user input to prevent attacks"
  ],
  [
   "Deployment",
   "Putting a site online for users"
  ],
  [
   "Staging",
   "A test version of a site before it goes live"
  ],
  [
   "Production",
   "The live version of a site"
  ],
  [
   "Version control",
   "Tracking code changes with Git"
  ],
  [
   "CI/CD",
   "Automated testing and deployment"
  ],
  [
   "Unit test",
   "A test of one small piece of code"
  ],
  [
   "Linting",
   "Automatically checking code for mistakes and style"
  ],
  [
   "Open source",
   "Code anyone can view and improve"
  ],
  [
   "Wireframe",
   "A simple sketch of a page layout"
  ],
  [
   "UX",
   "User experience, how it feels to use something"
  ],
  [
   "UI",
   "User interface, what the user sees and touches"
  ],
  [
   "Favicon",
   "The small icon shown in the browser tab"
  ],
  [
   "Viewport",
   "The visible part of a web page"
  ]
 ]
}