Frontal bone: Forehead; forms the roof of the eye sockets Parietal bone: Sides and top of the skull Temporal bone: Side of skull; contains the ear structures Occipital bone: Back and base of the skull; has the opening for the spinal cord Sphenoid: Butterfly-shaped bone at the skull base Ethmoid: Skull bone between the eyes, part of the nasal cavity Mandible: Lower jaw; the only movable skull bone Maxilla: Upper jaw Zygomatic bone: Cheekbone Nasal bone: Bridge of the nose Lacrimal bone: Small bone at the inner corner of the eye socket Vomer: Bone forming part of the nasal septum Palatine bone: Back part of the hard palate Hyoid: U-shaped bone in the neck, not attached to other bones Malleus: Hammer; ear ossicle Incus: Anvil; ear ossicle Stapes: Stirrup; smallest bone in the body Cervical vertebrae: Seven neck vertebrae Atlas: First cervical vertebra, supports the skull Axis: Second cervical vertebra, allows the head to turn Thoracic vertebrae: Twelve vertebrae that attach to ribs Lumbar vertebrae: Five large lower-back vertebrae Sacrum: Triangular bone of fused vertebrae at the base of the spine Coccyx: Tailbone Sternum: Breastbone Manubrium: Upper part of the sternum Xiphoid process: Small lower tip of the sternum True ribs: Ribs 1 to 7, attached directly to the sternum False ribs: Ribs 8 to 12, attached indirectly or not at all Floating ribs: Ribs 11 and 12, not attached in front Clavicle: Collarbone Scapula: Shoulder blade Acromion: Part of the scapula forming the point of the shoulder Humerus: Upper arm bone Radius: Forearm bone on the thumb side Ulna: Forearm bone on the pinky side Olecranon: Bony point of the elbow, part of the ulna Carpals: Eight wrist bones Scaphoid: Wrist bone on the thumb side, often fractured Metacarpals: Five bones of the palm Phalanges: Finger and toe bones Pelvic girdle: Hip bones that support the trunk Ilium: Large upper part of the hip bone Ischium: Lower back part of the hip bone you sit on Pubis: Front part of the hip bone Acetabulum: Hip socket Femur: Thigh bone; longest and strongest bone Patella: Kneecap Tibia: Shinbone Fibula: Slim lower-leg bone beside the tibia Malleolus: Bony bump at the ankle Tarsals: Seven ankle bones Calcaneus: Heel bone Talus: Ankle bone that meets the tibia Metatarsals: Five bones of the foot between ankle and toes Appendicular skeleton: Limbs and the girdles that attach them Axial skeleton: Skull, spine and rib cage Number of bones in an adult: 206 Number of cranial bones: 8 Number of facial bones: 14 Number of ribs: 12 pairs, 24 in total Foramen magnum: Large hole in the occipital bone for the spinal cord Sella turcica: Saddle-shaped pit in the sphenoid holding the pituitary gland Mastoid process: Bump behind the ear on the temporal bone Sutures: Immovable joints between skull bones Fontanelle: Soft spot between a baby's skull bones Greater trochanter: Bony bump on the upper femur Femoral head: Ball at the top of the femur that fits the hip socket Tibial tuberosity: Bump below the kneecap where the patellar tendon attaches Epiphysis: End of a long bone Diaphysis: Shaft of a long bone Metaphysis: Region between shaft and end of a long bone Periosteum: Membrane covering bone Medullary cavity: Hollow center of a long bone holding marrow Articular cartilage: Smooth covering on joint surfaces Ball-and-socket joint: Joint allowing movement in all directions, like the shoulder Hinge joint: Joint bending in one direction, like the elbow Pivot joint: Joint allowing rotation, like the atlas and axis Gliding joint: Joint with sliding bone surfaces, like the wrist Saddle joint: Joint at the base of the thumb Condyloid joint: Joint allowing movement in two planes, like the wrist's radius and carpals Free flashcards from Peabody at peabody.kids/flashcards/tp-anat-bones