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EMT	Emergency medical technician, a trained emergency care provider		tp-emt-basics
Scene size-up	Checking for safety and hazards before helping		tp-emt-basics
Scene safety	Making sure the area is safe for rescuers first		tp-emt-basics
Body substance isolation	Using protective gear to avoid contact with body fluids		tp-emt-basics
Primary assessment	Quick check for life threats		tp-emt-basics
Secondary assessment	More detailed head-to-toe check after life threats are handled		tp-emt-basics
ABCs	Airway, breathing, circulation		tp-emt-basics
Level of consciousness	How alert a patient is		tp-emt-basics
AVPU	Alert, Verbal, Painful, Unresponsive		tp-emt-basics
SAMPLE history	Signs/symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past history, Last meal, Events		tp-emt-basics
OPQRST	Onset, Provocation, Quality, Radiation, Severity, Time: a pain questioning guide		tp-emt-basics
Chief complaint	The main reason the patient needs help		tp-emt-basics
Mechanism of injury	How the injury happened		tp-emt-basics
Nature of illness	What is medically wrong		tp-emt-basics
Triage	Sorting patients by urgency		tp-emt-basics
Airway	The path air takes to the lungs		tp-emt-basics
Head-tilt, chin-lift	Method to open the airway when no spinal injury is suspected		tp-emt-basics
Jaw thrust	Method to open the airway while limiting neck movement		tp-emt-basics
Oropharyngeal airway	Curved device that keeps the tongue from blocking the airway		tp-emt-basics
Suction	Removing fluid or material from the airway		tp-emt-basics
Respiratory arrest	Breathing has stopped		tp-emt-basics
Cardiac arrest	The heart has stopped pumping effectively		tp-emt-basics
CPR	Chest compressions and rescue breaths to keep blood flowing		tp-emt-basics
Compression rate	About 100 to 120 compressions per minute for adults		tp-emt-basics
Compression depth	About 2 inches (5 cm) in adults		tp-emt-basics
AED	Device that checks heart rhythm and can deliver a shock		tp-emt-basics
Defibrillation	An electric shock that can reset a dangerous heart rhythm		tp-emt-basics
Choking	Blockage of the airway by an object		tp-emt-basics
Abdominal thrusts	Technique to clear an object from a choking adult		tp-emt-basics
Bleeding control	Direct pressure, then tourniquet if needed		tp-emt-basics
Direct pressure	Pressing on a wound to stop bleeding		tp-emt-basics
Tourniquet	Band applied above a limb wound to stop severe bleeding		tp-emt-basics
Shock	Inadequate blood flow to the body's tissues		tp-emt-basics
Signs of shock	Pale, cool, clammy skin, fast pulse, confusion		tp-emt-basics
Hemorrhage	Heavy bleeding		tp-emt-basics
Fracture	A broken bone		tp-emt-basics
Splint	Device to keep an injured limb still		tp-emt-basics
Spinal immobilization	Keeping the neck and back still after suspected spinal injury		tp-emt-basics
Cervical collar	Neck brace limiting head movement		tp-emt-basics
Backboard	Rigid board used to move patients with possible spine injury		tp-emt-basics
Burn: first degree	Affects only the outer skin layer; red and painful		tp-emt-basics
Burn: second degree	Blisters; affects deeper layers		tp-emt-basics
Burn: third degree	Destroys full skin thickness		tp-emt-basics
Heat exhaustion	Heavy sweating, weakness, nausea from overheating		tp-emt-basics
Heat stroke	Dangerous overheating; a life-threatening emergency		tp-emt-basics
Hypothermia	Dangerously low body temperature		tp-emt-basics
Frostbite	Freezing of body tissue		tp-emt-basics
Stroke signs (FAST)	Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech trouble, Time to call emergency services		tp-emt-basics
Heart attack signs	Chest pressure, shortness of breath, sweating, pain spreading to arm or jaw		tp-emt-basics
Seizure	Sudden uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain		tp-emt-basics
Diabetic emergency	Dangerously high or low blood sugar		tp-emt-basics
Anaphylaxis	Severe allergic reaction		tp-emt-basics
Epinephrine auto-injector	Device delivering epinephrine for severe allergic reactions		tp-emt-basics
Asthma	Chronic condition with airway narrowing		tp-emt-basics
Overdose	Taking too much of a substance, causing harm		tp-emt-basics
Poison control	Service giving advice on poisoning exposures		tp-emt-basics
Childbirth emergency	Delivery occurring outside a hospital		tp-emt-basics
Pediatric assessment triangle	Appearance, work of breathing, circulation to skin		tp-emt-basics
Infant CPR	Uses two fingers or encircling hands for compressions		tp-emt-basics
Head injury	Trauma to the head that may affect the brain		tp-emt-basics
Concussion	Mild brain injury caused by a blow or shake		tp-emt-basics
Pulse points	Places to feel a pulse, like carotid, radial and brachial		tp-emt-basics
Capillary refill	Time for color to return to a pressed nail bed		tp-emt-basics
Pupils: PERRL	Pupils equal, round, reactive to light		tp-emt-basics
Glasgow Coma Scale	Score of eye, verbal and motor responses		tp-emt-basics
Trauma	Physical injury		tp-emt-basics
Golden hour	The idea that quick trauma care improves outcomes		tp-emt-basics
Medical direction	Physician oversight of EMS care		tp-emt-basics
Protocol	Written guideline for treatment		tp-emt-basics
Scope of practice	Care an EMT is allowed to provide		tp-emt-basics
Implied consent	Assuming an unconscious patient would accept lifesaving help		tp-emt-basics
Good Samaritan law	Protects people who help in good faith in an emergency		tp-emt-basics
Duty to act	Legal obligation to help, depending on role and setting		tp-emt-basics
Abandonment	Leaving a patient without proper handoff		tp-emt-basics
Patient confidentiality	Keeping patient information private		tp-emt-basics
Patient report	Written record of the call		tp-emt-basics
Handoff report	Verbal summary given to hospital staff		tp-emt-basics
Ambulance	Vehicle that provides emergency transport and care		tp-emt-basics
Lights and sirens	Warning signals used when speed is critical		tp-emt-basics
Hazardous materials	Dangerous substances requiring special response		tp-emt-basics
Incident command	System for organizing large emergency responses		tp-emt-basics
Mass casualty incident	Event with many injured people		tp-emt-basics
START triage	Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment sorting method		tp-emt-basics
Extrication	Removing a person from a trapped situation		tp-emt-basics
Stabilize	Keep a patient's condition from getting worse		tp-emt-basics
Recovery position	Side-lying position to keep the airway clear		tp-emt-basics
Oxygen therapy	Giving extra oxygen		tp-emt-basics
Non-rebreather mask	Mask giving high-concentration oxygen		tp-emt-basics
Bag-valve mask	Hand-squeezed device that delivers breaths		tp-emt-basics
Pulse oximetry	Noninvasive oxygen saturation measure		tp-emt-basics