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Nursing process	Assess, diagnose, plan, implement, evaluate		tp-nursing-basics
ADPIE	Memory aid for the five steps of the nursing process		tp-nursing-basics
Assessment	Gathering information about the patient		tp-nursing-basics
Subjective data	What the patient reports (symptoms)		tp-nursing-basics
Objective data	What the nurse observes or measures (signs)		tp-nursing-basics
Nursing diagnosis	A clinical judgment about a patient's response to a health problem		tp-nursing-basics
Care plan	Written plan of goals and nursing actions		tp-nursing-basics
Evaluation	Judging whether goals were met		tp-nursing-basics
Vital signs	Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and often oxygen saturation		tp-nursing-basics
Normal adult pulse	About 60 to 100 beats per minute		tp-nursing-basics
Normal adult respirations	About 12 to 20 breaths per minute		tp-nursing-basics
Normal adult temperature	About 98.6 F (37 C), with some natural variation		tp-nursing-basics
Normal blood pressure	About 120/80 mmHg or lower		tp-nursing-basics
Bradycardia	Slow heart rate		tp-nursing-basics
Tachycardia	Fast heart rate		tp-nursing-basics
Hypotension	Low blood pressure		tp-nursing-basics
Hypertension	High blood pressure		tp-nursing-basics
Hypoxia	Low oxygen in body tissues		tp-nursing-basics
Dyspnea	Difficulty breathing		tp-nursing-basics
Apnea	Pause in breathing		tp-nursing-basics
Pulse oximeter	Device that measures oxygen saturation		tp-nursing-basics
Hand hygiene	The most important way to prevent infection		tp-nursing-basics
Standard precautions	Basic infection control used for every patient		tp-nursing-basics
Contact precautions	Gloves and gowns to prevent spread by touch		tp-nursing-basics
Droplet precautions	Mask for germs spread by large respiratory droplets		tp-nursing-basics
Airborne precautions	Special room and respirator for germs that travel on air		tp-nursing-basics
PPE	Personal protective equipment such as gloves, gown, mask and goggles		tp-nursing-basics
Aseptic technique	Methods to prevent contamination by germs		tp-nursing-basics
Sterile field	Area kept free of all microorganisms		tp-nursing-basics
Fomite	An object that can carry infection		tp-nursing-basics
Nosocomial infection	Infection acquired in a healthcare setting		tp-nursing-basics
Six rights of medication	Right patient, drug, dose, route, time and documentation		tp-nursing-basics
Medication reconciliation	Comparing a patient's medication lists to avoid errors		tp-nursing-basics
Allergy	Overreaction of the immune system to a substance		tp-nursing-basics
Anaphylaxis	Severe, life-threatening allergic reaction		tp-nursing-basics
Informed consent	A patient agrees to treatment after understanding it		tp-nursing-basics
HIPAA	US law protecting patients' health information		tp-nursing-basics
Confidentiality	Keeping patient information private		tp-nursing-basics
Advance directive	Written wishes about future medical care		tp-nursing-basics
Patient advocate	Someone who speaks up for a patient's rights and needs		tp-nursing-basics
Scope of practice	What a licensed professional is legally allowed to do		tp-nursing-basics
Delegation	Assigning a task to someone else while keeping accountability		tp-nursing-basics
Chain of command	Order of reporting concerns		tp-nursing-basics
SBAR	Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation: a communication format		tp-nursing-basics
Therapeutic communication	Communication that helps and supports patients		tp-nursing-basics
Active listening	Fully focusing on and responding to what is said		tp-nursing-basics
Documentation	Writing accurate records of care		tp-nursing-basics
Charting by exception	Recording only findings that differ from normal		tp-nursing-basics
Maslow's hierarchy	Basic needs come before higher needs		tp-nursing-basics
Activities of daily living	Everyday self-care tasks like bathing and eating		tp-nursing-basics
Fall risk	Likelihood that a patient will fall		tp-nursing-basics
Pressure injury	Skin damage from prolonged pressure		tp-nursing-basics
Turning schedule	Repositioning to prevent pressure injuries		tp-nursing-basics
Ambulation	Walking		tp-nursing-basics
Body mechanics	Using the body safely when lifting and moving		tp-nursing-basics
Range of motion	The full movement a joint can make		tp-nursing-basics
Intake and output	Measuring fluids a patient takes in and puts out		tp-nursing-basics
Dehydration	Not enough water in the body		tp-nursing-basics
Edema	Swelling from excess fluid in tissue		tp-nursing-basics
Isotonic IV fluid	Fluid with the same concentration as blood plasma		tp-nursing-basics
Catheter	A tube inserted into the body to drain or deliver fluid		tp-nursing-basics
Enteral nutrition	Feeding through the digestive tract, such as a tube		tp-nursing-basics
Parenteral nutrition	Nutrients given directly into the bloodstream		tp-nursing-basics
NPO	Nothing by mouth		tp-nursing-basics
Aspiration	Food or fluid entering the airway		tp-nursing-basics
Wound healing	Stages: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling		tp-nursing-basics
Dressing	Material that covers and protects a wound		tp-nursing-basics
Pain scale	Tool for patients to rate pain, such as 0 to 10		tp-nursing-basics
Palliative care	Care focused on comfort and quality of life		tp-nursing-basics
Hospice	End-of-life care focusing on comfort		tp-nursing-basics
Triage	Sorting patients by urgency of need		tp-nursing-basics
Rapid response	Team called when a patient is getting worse quickly		tp-nursing-basics
Code blue	Hospital emergency call for cardiac or respiratory arrest		tp-nursing-basics
Restraint	A device limiting movement, used only as a last resort		tp-nursing-basics
Cultural competence	Respecting and meeting patients' cultural needs		tp-nursing-basics
Health literacy	Ability to understand health information		tp-nursing-basics
Teach-back	Asking patients to explain instructions in their own words		tp-nursing-basics
Primary prevention	Stopping disease before it starts, like vaccination		tp-nursing-basics
Secondary prevention	Early detection, like screening		tp-nursing-basics
Tertiary prevention	Reducing the effects of existing disease		tp-nursing-basics
Evidence-based practice	Using the best research along with clinical judgment		tp-nursing-basics
Chain of infection	Agent, reservoir, exit, transmission, entry, host		tp-nursing-basics
Sharps container	Rigid, puncture-proof box for needles		tp-nursing-basics
Incident report	Record of an unusual event, such as a fall or error		tp-nursing-basics
Near miss	An error caught before it reaches the patient		tp-nursing-basics
Bedsore stages	Stages 1 to 4 describing the depth of pressure injury		tp-nursing-basics
Orthostatic hypotension	Blood pressure drop when standing up		tp-nursing-basics