{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/tp-project-management",
 "id": "tp-project-management",
 "title": "Project Management Terms",
 "category": "test-prep",
 "subject": "Project Management",
 "levels": [
  "college",
  "adult"
 ],
 "description": "Planning, scheduling, risk and agile vocabulary used in project work.",
 "tags": [
  "project-management",
  "agile",
  "business"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Term",
 "backLabel": "Meaning",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Project",
   "A temporary effort to create a unique product, service or result"
  ],
  [
   "Project manager",
   "Person responsible for leading a project to its goals"
  ],
  [
   "Stakeholder",
   "Anyone affected by or interested in the project"
  ],
  [
   "Sponsor",
   "The person who funds and champions a project"
  ],
  [
   "Scope",
   "The work that must be done to deliver the project"
  ],
  [
   "Scope creep",
   "Uncontrolled growth of scope"
  ],
  [
   "Deliverable",
   "A tangible output the project produces"
  ],
  [
   "Milestone",
   "A significant point or event in a project"
  ],
  [
   "Work breakdown structure",
   "Hierarchical division of the work into smaller parts"
  ],
  [
   "Task",
   "A single piece of work"
  ],
  [
   "Dependency",
   "A relationship where one task relies on another"
  ],
  [
   "Finish-to-start",
   "A task cannot start until its predecessor finishes"
  ],
  [
   "Critical path",
   "The longest sequence of tasks, determining the shortest project time"
  ],
  [
   "Float (slack)",
   "Time a task can slip without delaying the project"
  ],
  [
   "Gantt chart",
   "Bar chart showing tasks over time"
  ],
  [
   "PERT",
   "Technique estimating time with optimistic, likely and pessimistic values"
  ],
  [
   "Baseline",
   "The approved plan against which progress is compared"
  ],
  [
   "Schedule",
   "Plan of when work will happen"
  ],
  [
   "Budget",
   "Approved cost plan"
  ],
  [
   "Cost variance",
   "Earned value minus actual cost"
  ],
  [
   "Earned value",
   "A measure of work completed in terms of budget"
  ],
  [
   "Schedule performance index",
   "Earned value divided by planned value"
  ],
  [
   "Cost performance index",
   "Earned value divided by actual cost"
  ],
  [
   "Triple constraint",
   "Scope, time and cost, balanced against quality"
  ],
  [
   "Quality assurance",
   "Preventing defects through good processes"
  ],
  [
   "Quality control",
   "Inspecting results to find defects"
  ],
  [
   "Risk",
   "An uncertain event that could affect objectives"
  ],
  [
   "Risk register",
   "A log of identified risks and responses"
  ],
  [
   "Risk mitigation",
   "Reducing the chance or impact of a risk"
  ],
  [
   "Risk avoidance",
   "Changing plans to eliminate a risk"
  ],
  [
   "Risk transfer",
   "Shifting a risk to a third party, like insurance"
  ],
  [
   "Risk acceptance",
   "Choosing to tolerate a risk"
  ],
  [
   "Contingency plan",
   "Backup response if a risk occurs"
  ],
  [
   "Issue",
   "A problem that has already happened"
  ],
  [
   "Assumption",
   "Something believed true for planning purposes"
  ],
  [
   "Constraint",
   "A limitation on the project"
  ],
  [
   "Charter",
   "A document formally authorizing a project"
  ],
  [
   "Kickoff meeting",
   "The meeting that launches a project"
  ],
  [
   "Status report",
   "A summary of progress"
  ],
  [
   "Change request",
   "A formal proposal to alter the project"
  ],
  [
   "Change control",
   "Process for reviewing and approving changes"
  ],
  [
   "Requirements",
   "Needs the project must satisfy"
  ],
  [
   "Acceptance criteria",
   "Conditions a deliverable must meet to be accepted"
  ],
  [
   "Stakeholder register",
   "List of stakeholders and their interests"
  ],
  [
   "RACI matrix",
   "Chart assigning Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed"
  ],
  [
   "Communication plan",
   "Plan for who gets what information and when"
  ],
  [
   "Resource leveling",
   "Adjusting the schedule to avoid overusing people"
  ],
  [
   "Fast tracking",
   "Doing tasks in parallel to shorten time"
  ],
  [
   "Crashing",
   "Adding resources to shorten the schedule"
  ],
  [
   "Waterfall",
   "Sequential approach where each phase finishes before the next"
  ],
  [
   "Agile",
   "Iterative approach delivering working increments"
  ],
  [
   "Scrum",
   "Agile framework using short sprints"
  ],
  [
   "Sprint",
   "A fixed short period of work in Scrum"
  ],
  [
   "Product owner",
   "Scrum role that prioritizes the work"
  ],
  [
   "Scrum master",
   "Scrum role that helps the team follow the process"
  ],
  [
   "Development team",
   "People who build the product increment"
  ],
  [
   "Product backlog",
   "Prioritized list of everything wanted in the product"
  ],
  [
   "Sprint backlog",
   "Items chosen for the current sprint"
  ],
  [
   "User story",
   "A short description of a need from a user's view"
  ],
  [
   "Story points",
   "Relative units estimating effort"
  ],
  [
   "Daily stand-up",
   "A brief daily team meeting"
  ],
  [
   "Sprint review",
   "Meeting to show completed work"
  ],
  [
   "Retrospective",
   "Meeting to reflect on how to improve"
  ],
  [
   "Velocity",
   "Amount of work a team completes per sprint"
  ],
  [
   "Burndown chart",
   "Graph of remaining work over time"
  ],
  [
   "Kanban",
   "Method visualizing work on a board with limits on work in progress"
  ],
  [
   "Work in progress limit",
   "A cap on tasks being worked on at once"
  ],
  [
   "Definition of done",
   "Shared checklist for when work is complete"
  ],
  [
   "Minimum viable product",
   "Simplest version that delivers value and tests assumptions"
  ],
  [
   "Iteration",
   "One cycle of repeated work"
  ],
  [
   "Lean",
   "Maximizing value and minimizing waste"
  ],
  [
   "Timebox",
   "A fixed time limit for an activity"
  ],
  [
   "Prototype",
   "An early sample used to test ideas"
  ],
  [
   "Lessons learned",
   "Insights recorded for future projects"
  ],
  [
   "Project closure",
   "Formally ending a project"
  ],
  [
   "Handoff",
   "Transferring deliverables to the owner"
  ],
  [
   "Procurement",
   "Acquiring goods or services from outside"
  ],
  [
   "Vendor",
   "An outside seller of goods or services"
  ],
  [
   "Statement of work",
   "Description of work a vendor will do"
  ],
  [
   "Service level agreement",
   "Contract defining expected service performance"
  ],
  [
   "Program",
   "A group of related projects managed together"
  ],
  [
   "Portfolio",
   "A collection of projects and programs aligned to strategy"
  ],
  [
   "PMO",
   "Project management office"
  ],
  [
   "PMBOK",
   "A guide of project management knowledge published by PMI"
  ],
  [
   "Project lifecycle",
   "Phases from start to finish"
  ],
  [
   "Feasibility study",
   "Analysis of whether a project is practical"
  ],
  [
   "Cost-benefit analysis",
   "Comparing expected costs to expected benefits"
  ],
  [
   "Return on investment",
   "Benefit gained relative to cost"
  ],
  [
   "Bottleneck",
   "A step that limits the speed of a process"
  ],
  [
   "Escalation",
   "Raising an issue to a higher authority"
  ],
  [
   "Critical chain",
   "Method focusing on resource constraints and buffers"
  ],
  [
   "Buffer",
   "Extra time or money reserved for uncertainty"
  ],
  [
   "Gold plating",
   "Adding unrequested extras beyond requirements"
  ],
  [
   "Fishbone diagram",
   "Cause-and-effect diagram to find root causes"
  ]
 ]
}