{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/tp-trades-electrical",
 "id": "tp-trades-electrical",
 "title": "Electrical Trade Vocabulary",
 "category": "test-prep",
 "subject": "Trades",
 "levels": [
  "9-12",
  "adult"
 ],
 "description": "Basic electrical terms for students and apprentices. Electrical work can be deadly; always follow local code and use a licensed electrician.",
 "tags": [
  "trades",
  "electrical",
  "vocational"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Term",
 "backLabel": "Meaning",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Voltage",
   "Electrical pressure that pushes current; measured in volts"
  ],
  [
   "Current",
   "Flow of electric charge; measured in amperes"
  ],
  [
   "Resistance",
   "Opposition to current; measured in ohms"
  ],
  [
   "Power",
   "Rate of using energy; measured in watts"
  ],
  [
   "Ohm's law",
   "Volts = amps x ohms"
  ],
  [
   "Watt's law",
   "Watts = volts x amps"
  ],
  [
   "Conductor",
   "Material that carries current easily, like copper"
  ],
  [
   "Insulator",
   "Material that resists current, like rubber"
  ],
  [
   "Circuit",
   "A complete path for current"
  ],
  [
   "Open circuit",
   "A broken path; no current flows"
  ],
  [
   "Short circuit",
   "An unintended low-resistance path causing very high current"
  ],
  [
   "Series circuit",
   "Components in one path"
  ],
  [
   "Parallel circuit",
   "Components on separate branches"
  ],
  [
   "AC",
   "Alternating current, which changes direction"
  ],
  [
   "DC",
   "Direct current, which flows one way"
  ],
  [
   "Hot wire",
   "Carries current from the source; usually black or red"
  ],
  [
   "Neutral wire",
   "Returns current to the source; usually white"
  ],
  [
   "Ground wire",
   "Safety path to earth; bare copper or green"
  ],
  [
   "Circuit breaker",
   "Switch that opens automatically when current is too high"
  ],
  [
   "Fuse",
   "A safety device with a link that melts on overcurrent"
  ],
  [
   "GFCI",
   "Ground fault circuit interrupter, which cuts power when current leaks"
  ],
  [
   "AFCI",
   "Arc fault circuit interrupter, which guards against arcing"
  ],
  [
   "Panel (breaker box)",
   "Enclosure holding circuit breakers"
  ],
  [
   "Service entrance",
   "Where utility power enters a building"
  ],
  [
   "Meter",
   "Device measuring electricity use"
  ],
  [
   "Receptacle",
   "Outlet where plugs connect"
  ],
  [
   "Switch",
   "Device that opens and closes a circuit"
  ],
  [
   "Three-way switch",
   "Allows control of a light from two places"
  ],
  [
   "Junction box",
   "Enclosure for wire connections"
  ],
  [
   "Conduit",
   "Protective tube for wiring"
  ],
  [
   "EMT conduit",
   "Electrical metallic tubing, a thin-walled metal conduit"
  ],
  [
   "Romex",
   "Common brand name for non-metallic sheathed cable"
  ],
  [
   "Wire gauge (AWG)",
   "Size of wire; a smaller number means thicker wire"
  ],
  [
   "14 AWG wire",
   "Commonly used on 15-amp circuits"
  ],
  [
   "12 AWG wire",
   "Commonly used on 20-amp circuits"
  ],
  [
   "Ampacity",
   "Maximum current a conductor can carry safely"
  ],
  [
   "Voltage drop",
   "Loss of voltage along a wire"
  ],
  [
   "Wire nut",
   "Cap used to join wires"
  ],
  [
   "Lug",
   "A connector point for a wire"
  ],
  [
   "Terminal",
   "A screw or clamp point where wire attaches"
  ],
  [
   "Strip",
   "Remove insulation from a wire end"
  ],
  [
   "Pigtail",
   "A short wire used to connect multiple wires to one terminal"
  ],
  [
   "Load",
   "A device that uses electrical power"
  ],
  [
   "Line side",
   "The side of a device connected to the power source"
  ],
  [
   "Load side",
   "The side leading to the devices"
  ],
  [
   "Multimeter",
   "Tool measuring voltage, current and resistance"
  ],
  [
   "Voltage tester",
   "Tool that detects live circuits"
  ],
  [
   "Lockout/tagout",
   "Safety procedure keeping a circuit off while working on it"
  ],
  [
   "NEC",
   "National Electrical Code, setting US wiring standards"
  ],
  [
   "Permit",
   "Official permission to do regulated electrical work"
  ],
  [
   "Inspection",
   "Official check that work meets code"
  ],
  [
   "Journeyman electrician",
   "A licensed electrician who has completed an apprenticeship"
  ],
  [
   "Master electrician",
   "A highly experienced, licensed electrician"
  ],
  [
   "Apprentice",
   "A trainee learning the trade on the job"
  ],
  [
   "Transformer",
   "Device that changes voltage levels"
  ],
  [
   "Step-down transformer",
   "Reduces voltage"
  ],
  [
   "Motor",
   "Device converting electrical energy to motion"
  ],
  [
   "Capacitor",
   "Component that stores charge"
  ],
  [
   "Relay",
   "A switch operated by an electromagnet"
  ],
  [
   "Contactor",
   "A heavy-duty relay for high-current loads"
  ],
  [
   "Phase",
   "One of the alternating currents in a power system"
  ],
  [
   "Single-phase",
   "Power common in homes"
  ],
  [
   "Three-phase",
   "Power common in industry"
  ],
  [
   "120 volts",
   "Standard household outlet voltage in the US"
  ],
  [
   "240 volts",
   "Higher household voltage for appliances like dryers"
  ],
  [
   "Frequency",
   "Cycles per second; 60 Hz in the US"
  ],
  [
   "Kilowatt-hour",
   "A unit of energy used on electric bills"
  ],
  [
   "Load calculation",
   "Figuring the total power demand of a building"
  ],
  [
   "Overcurrent",
   "More current than a circuit is designed to carry"
  ],
  [
   "Arc flash",
   "A dangerous explosion of energy from an electrical fault"
  ],
  [
   "Electrical shock",
   "Current passing through the body; potentially deadly"
  ],
  [
   "PPE",
   "Personal protective equipment, such as insulated gloves"
  ],
  [
   "Bonding",
   "Connecting metal parts to make them electrically continuous"
  ],
  [
   "Grounding electrode",
   "A rod or pipe that connects the system to the earth"
  ],
  [
   "Dimmer",
   "A switch that varies light brightness"
  ],
  [
   "Smart switch",
   "A switch controlled by an app or voice"
  ],
  [
   "Solar panel",
   "Device turning sunlight into DC electricity"
  ],
  [
   "Inverter",
   "Converts DC power to AC"
  ],
  [
   "Surge protector",
   "Device limiting voltage spikes"
  ],
  [
   "Extension cord rating",
   "Must match or exceed the load's amperage"
  ],
  [
   "Knockout",
   "A removable circle in a box for cable entry"
  ],
  [
   "Fish tape",
   "A tool for pulling wire through walls and conduit"
  ],
  [
   "Lineman's pliers",
   "Heavy pliers for cutting and twisting wire"
  ]
 ]
}