{
 "source": "https://peabody.kids/flashcards/tp-trades-plumbing",
 "id": "tp-trades-plumbing",
 "title": "Plumbing Basics Vocabulary",
 "category": "test-prep",
 "subject": "Trades",
 "levels": [
  "6-8",
  "9-12",
  "adult"
 ],
 "description": "Pipes, fittings, fixtures and how water systems work.",
 "tags": [
  "trades",
  "plumbing"
 ],
 "frontLabel": "Term",
 "backLabel": "Meaning",
 "cards": [
  [
   "Supply line",
   "Pipe bringing clean water into a fixture"
  ],
  [
   "Drain line",
   "Pipe carrying used water away"
  ],
  [
   "Vent pipe",
   "Pipe letting air into the drain system so water flows"
  ],
  [
   "DWV",
   "Drain-waste-vent system"
  ],
  [
   "Main shutoff valve",
   "Valve that turns off water to the whole building"
  ],
  [
   "Water meter",
   "Device measuring water used"
  ],
  [
   "Water heater",
   "Appliance that heats and stores hot water"
  ],
  [
   "Tankless water heater",
   "Heater that warms water only as it is used"
  ],
  [
   "Pressure",
   "Force of water in pipes, often measured in psi"
  ],
  [
   "Water pressure regulator",
   "Valve that reduces incoming pressure to a safe level"
  ],
  [
   "Gate valve",
   "Valve with a sliding gate; fully open or fully closed"
  ],
  [
   "Ball valve",
   "Valve that opens and closes with a quarter turn"
  ],
  [
   "Globe valve",
   "Valve for regulating flow"
  ],
  [
   "Check valve",
   "Valve that lets water flow in only one direction"
  ],
  [
   "Shutoff valve (angle stop)",
   "Small valve under a sink or toilet"
  ],
  [
   "Copper pipe",
   "Durable metal pipe used for water supply"
  ],
  [
   "PVC",
   "White plastic pipe used for drains and vents"
  ],
  [
   "ABS",
   "Black plastic pipe used for drains in some areas"
  ],
  [
   "CPVC",
   "Plastic pipe rated for hot water"
  ],
  [
   "PEX",
   "Flexible cross-linked polyethylene tubing for supply lines"
  ],
  [
   "Galvanized steel pipe",
   "Zinc-coated steel pipe, older and prone to corrosion"
  ],
  [
   "Cast iron pipe",
   "Heavy pipe used for drains"
  ],
  [
   "Fitting",
   "A connector that joins or redirects pipes"
  ],
  [
   "Coupling",
   "Fitting joining two straight pipes"
  ],
  [
   "Elbow",
   "Fitting that changes pipe direction"
  ],
  [
   "Tee",
   "T-shaped fitting that creates a branch"
  ],
  [
   "Union",
   "Fitting that can be disconnected without cutting pipe"
  ],
  [
   "Reducer",
   "Fitting joining pipes of different sizes"
  ],
  [
   "Cap",
   "Fitting that seals a pipe end"
  ],
  [
   "Plug",
   "Fitting that seals a female threaded opening"
  ],
  [
   "Nipple",
   "Short threaded pipe"
  ],
  [
   "Adapter",
   "Fitting connecting different pipe types"
  ],
  [
   "Sweating (soldering)",
   "Joining copper with heated solder"
  ],
  [
   "Flux",
   "Chemical applied to copper joints before soldering"
  ],
  [
   "Solvent cement",
   "Glue that welds PVC and similar plastics"
  ],
  [
   "Primer",
   "Cleaner applied to plastic pipe before cementing"
  ],
  [
   "Compression fitting",
   "Fitting sealed by tightening a nut over a ring"
  ],
  [
   "Crimp ring",
   "Metal ring squeezed onto PEX fittings"
  ],
  [
   "Thread seal tape",
   "Thin white tape that seals threaded joints"
  ],
  [
   "Pipe dope",
   "Paste that seals threaded joints"
  ],
  [
   "Teflon tape",
   "Common name for thread seal tape"
  ],
  [
   "Pipe wrench",
   "Wrench with serrated jaws for gripping pipe"
  ],
  [
   "Basin wrench",
   "Long-necked wrench for tight faucet nuts"
  ],
  [
   "Tubing cutter",
   "Tool for making clean cuts in pipe"
  ],
  [
   "Plunger",
   "Tool using pressure to clear clogs"
  ],
  [
   "Drain snake (auger)",
   "Flexible tool that clears blockages"
  ],
  [
   "Trap",
   "Curved pipe holding water to block sewer gas"
  ],
  [
   "P-trap",
   "Trap shaped like a P under sinks"
  ],
  [
   "Sewer gas",
   "Foul gas that traps and vents keep out of living spaces"
  ],
  [
   "Cleanout",
   "Access point for clearing drains"
  ],
  [
   "Floor drain",
   "Drain set in a floor"
  ],
  [
   "Septic system",
   "On-site wastewater treatment for homes without city sewers"
  ],
  [
   "Sewer main",
   "Large pipe carrying waste from many buildings"
  ],
  [
   "Backflow",
   "Reverse flow of water that can contaminate the supply"
  ],
  [
   "Backflow preventer",
   "Device that stops contaminated water flowing backward"
  ],
  [
   "Air gap",
   "Open space that keeps drain water from entering a supply line"
  ],
  [
   "Fixture",
   "A device like a sink, toilet or tub"
  ],
  [
   "Faucet",
   "Valve controlling water flow from a sink or tub"
  ],
  [
   "Aerator",
   "Screen at the faucet tip that mixes air with water"
  ],
  [
   "Cartridge",
   "Internal faucet part that controls flow and temperature"
  ],
  [
   "Washer",
   "Rubber ring that seals a valve seat"
  ],
  [
   "O-ring",
   "Rubber ring that seals joints"
  ],
  [
   "Flapper",
   "Rubber seal at the bottom of a toilet tank"
  ],
  [
   "Fill valve",
   "Valve that refills the toilet tank"
  ],
  [
   "Wax ring",
   "Seal between a toilet and the floor flange"
  ],
  [
   "Closet flange",
   "Pipe fitting on the floor that secures a toilet"
  ],
  [
   "Showerhead",
   "Fixture that sprays water in a shower"
  ],
  [
   "Tub spout",
   "Faucet end that fills the tub"
  ],
  [
   "Garbage disposal",
   "Appliance under a sink that grinds food waste"
  ],
  [
   "Dishwasher drain",
   "Hose carrying dishwasher water into the drain system"
  ],
  [
   "Hose bib",
   "Outdoor faucet for a hose"
  ],
  [
   "Sump pump",
   "Pump removing water from a basement pit"
  ],
  [
   "Water softener",
   "Equipment reducing hard water minerals"
  ],
  [
   "Hard water",
   "Water with high mineral content"
  ],
  [
   "Water hammer",
   "Banging noise when flow stops suddenly"
  ],
  [
   "Air chamber",
   "Small vertical pipe that cushions pressure surges"
  ],
  [
   "Expansion tank",
   "Tank absorbing pressure from heated water"
  ],
  [
   "Pressure relief valve",
   "Safety valve that releases excess pressure"
  ],
  [
   "Anode rod",
   "Rod in a water heater that corrodes first to protect the tank"
  ],
  [
   "Slope (pitch) of drains",
   "Drains need a gentle downhill slope, often 1/4 inch per foot"
  ],
  [
   "Gravity flow",
   "Water moving downhill without pumps"
  ],
  [
   "Frozen pipe",
   "Pipe blocked or damaged by ice"
  ],
  [
   "Pipe insulation",
   "Foam or wrap that protects pipes from heat loss or freezing"
  ],
  [
   "Leak",
   "Unwanted escape of water"
  ],
  [
   "Corrosion",
   "Gradual damage to metal"
  ],
  [
   "Plumbing code",
   "Rules for safe plumbing work"
  ],
  [
   "Licensed plumber",
   "Tradesperson legally qualified to do plumbing work"
  ],
  [
   "Apprentice plumber",
   "Trainee learning the trade"
  ],
  [
   "Rough-in",
   "Installing pipes before walls are closed"
  ],
  [
   "Trim-out",
   "Installing fixtures after walls are finished"
  ],
  [
   "Hot and cold side",
   "Convention: hot is on the left, cold on the right"
  ]
 ]
}