1st Amendment (1791): Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly and petition
2nd Amendment (1791): The right to keep and bear arms
3rd Amendment (1791): Limits quartering soldiers in private homes
4th Amendment (1791): Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
5th Amendment (1791): Due process, no double jeopardy, no forced self-incrimination
6th Amendment (1791): Rights of the accused: speedy public trial, jury, lawyer
7th Amendment (1791): Right to a jury trial in many civil cases
8th Amendment (1791): No excessive bail or fines; no cruel and unusual punishment
9th Amendment (1791): Rights not listed are still kept by the people
10th Amendment (1791): Powers not given to the federal government belong to states or the people
11th Amendment (1795): Limits suing a state in federal court by citizens of other states
12th Amendment (1804): Electors vote separately for president and vice president
13th Amendment (1865): Ended slavery in the United States
14th Amendment (1868): Citizenship for all born in the US; equal protection and due process for all persons
15th Amendment (1870): Voting rights cannot be denied because of race
16th Amendment (1913): Allows Congress to collect an income tax
17th Amendment (1913): Senators are elected directly by the people
18th Amendment (1919): Prohibited making and selling alcohol
19th Amendment (1920): Women have the right to vote
20th Amendment (1933): Sets the start dates for presidents' and Congress's terms; the 'lame duck' amendment
21st Amendment (1933): Repealed the 18th Amendment, ending Prohibition
22nd Amendment (1951): Limits a president to two elected terms
23rd Amendment (1961): Gives Washington, DC electoral votes for president
24th Amendment (1964): Bans poll taxes in federal elections
25th Amendment (1967): Explains what happens if a president cannot serve, and fills vice presidential vacancies
26th Amendment (1971): Lowered the voting age to 18
27th Amendment (1992): Congress's pay changes cannot take effect until after the next election
Which amendments ended slavery and protected rights after the Civil War?: The 13th, 14th and 15th, called the Reconstruction Amendments
Which amendments expand voting rights?: 15th (race), 19th (women), 23rd (DC), 24th (no poll tax), 26th (age 18)
Which amendment created the income tax?: The 16th
Which amendment is Prohibition?: The 18th (it was repealed by the 21st)
Which is the only amendment that repealed another?: The 21st repealed the 18th
Which amendment lowered the voting age?: The 26th
Which amendment gave women the vote?: The 19th
Which amendment has the Due Process Clause for states?: The 14th
Which amendment limits the president to two terms?: The 22nd
Which amendments make up the Bill of Rights?: The first ten
How long did the 27th Amendment take to ratify?: Over 200 years: proposed in 1789, ratified in 1992
How many amendments were proposed by Congress and ratified?: Twenty-seven have been ratified
Who proposes amendments?: Two-thirds of Congress, or a convention requested by two-thirds of states
Who ratifies amendments?: Three-fourths of the states
Does the president sign amendments?: No; the president has no formal role in ratifying them
Equal protection clause: Part of the 14th Amendment requiring states to treat people equally under the law
Birthright citizenship: The 14th Amendment says people born in the US are citizens
Direct election: Voters choose a leader without electors, as with senators after 1913
Poll tax: A fee to vote, banned in federal elections by the 24th Amendment
Lame duck: An official whose term is ending after an election; the 20th Amendment shortened that period
Inauguration date: January 20, set by the 20th Amendment
Electoral votes for DC: Three, granted by the 23rd Amendment
Suffrage: The right to vote
Prohibition: National ban on alcohol, 1920-1933
Repeal: To cancel a law or amendment

Free flashcards from Peabody at peabody.kids/flashcards/us-constitutional-amendments