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Forces and Motion
Pushes, pulls, gravity, friction and Newton's laws in simple words.
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56 cards
- What is a force?QuestionA push or a pull
- What unit measures force?QuestionThe newton
- What force pulls objects toward Earth?QuestionGravity
- What does friction do?QuestionSlows or stops objects that slide against each other
- Which surface has more friction, ice or sandpaper?QuestionSandpaper
- How can you reduce friction?QuestionUse oil, wheels or a smooth surface
- Types of frictionQuestionStatic, sliding, rolling and fluid
- Static frictionQuestionFriction that keeps a resting object from moving
- Sliding frictionQuestionFriction between surfaces sliding over each other
- Rolling frictionQuestionFriction when an object rolls; usually smaller than sliding
- Air resistanceQuestionA force that slows things moving through air
- Magnetic forceQuestionA push or pull between magnets
- Normal forceQuestionThe push of a surface upward on an object resting on it
- TensionQuestionA pulling force through a rope or string
- Applied forceQuestionA force given to an object by a person or thing
- Buoyant forceQuestionThe upward push of water on an object
- Why does a feather fall slower than a rock in air?QuestionAir resistance affects it more
- Would a feather and a hammer fall together on the Moon?QuestionYes, with no air they fall at the same rate; astronaut David Scott showed this in 1971
- Mass vs weightQuestionMass is the amount of matter; weight is the pull of gravity on it
- Is your mass different on the Moon?QuestionNo; your weight is, because gravity is weaker
- How much is gravity on the Moon compared to Earth?QuestionAbout one-sixth
- Balanced forcesQuestionForces equal and opposite; no change in motion
- Unbalanced forcesQuestionForces that change an object's motion
- InertiaQuestionThe tendency of objects to keep doing what they're doing
- Why do you lurch forward when a car brakes?QuestionYour body's inertia keeps it moving forward
- Newton's first law in shortQuestionObjects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion unless a force acts
- Newton's second law in shortQuestionMore force means more acceleration; more mass means less
- Newton's third law in shortQuestionEvery action has an equal and opposite reaction
- Example of Newton's third lawQuestionA rocket pushes gas down and the gas pushes the rocket up
- SpeedQuestionHow fast something moves
- VelocityQuestionSpeed with a direction
- AccelerationQuestionChanging speed or direction
- Is a car turning at constant speed accelerating?QuestionYes, because its direction is changing
- Free fallQuestionFalling with only gravity acting
- How fast do falling objects accelerate on Earth?QuestionAbout 9.8 meters per second every second
- Terminal velocityQuestionThe top speed of a falling object when air resistance balances weight
- ProjectileQuestionAn object launched and moving through the air
- MomentumQuestionHow hard it is to stop a moving object: mass times velocity
- CollisionQuestionWhen two objects hit each other
- Elastic collisionQuestionObjects bounce and kinetic energy is kept
- Inelastic collisionQuestionObjects crumple or stick together and some energy changes form
- Centripetal forceQuestionA force pulling toward the center of a circular path
- Centrifugal forceQuestionThe feeling of being pushed outward in a turn; really inertia
- OrbitQuestionThe curved path of one object around another due to gravity
- Why do planets stay in orbit?QuestionGravity pulls them toward the Sun while their motion carries them forward
- Who described the law of gravity in the 1600s?QuestionIsaac Newton
- Who showed that objects of different mass fall at the same rate in a vacuum?QuestionGalileo's ideas led there; later experiments confirmed it
- Seat belts protect people byQuestionSlowing the body gradually and holding it in place
- Airbags work byQuestionSpreading force over a longer time
- PressureQuestionForce spread over an area
- Why do snowshoes help you walk on snow?QuestionThey spread weight over a larger area
- TorqueQuestionA force that causes turning
- EquilibriumQuestionA state in which forces are balanced
- Speed formulaQuestionSpeed = distance divided by time
- If you travel 100 km in 2 hours, your average speed isQuestion50 km per hour
- Reference pointQuestionA place or object used to describe an object's position
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