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Chemistry Vocabulary

Key words for atoms, bonds, reactions and mixtures.

73 cardsGrades 6–8, Grades 9–12#chemistry#vocabulary

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  • AtomTerm
    The smallest unit of an element that still has its properties
  • MoleculeTerm
    Two or more atoms joined together
  • ElementTerm
    A pure substance made of only one kind of atom
  • CompoundTerm
    A substance made of two or more elements chemically joined
  • MixtureTerm
    Two or more substances together but not chemically joined
  • ProtonTerm
    Positive particle in the nucleus
  • NeutronTerm
    Particle with no charge in the nucleus
  • ElectronTerm
    Tiny negative particle that moves around the nucleus
  • NucleusTerm
    The center of an atom, holding protons and neutrons
  • IonTerm
    An atom or group of atoms with an electric charge
  • CationTerm
    A positive ion
  • AnionTerm
    A negative ion
  • Ionic bondTerm
    A bond formed when electrons move from one atom to another
  • Covalent bondTerm
    A bond formed when atoms share electrons
  • Metallic bondTerm
    A bond in which electrons flow freely among metal atoms
  • Chemical formulaTerm
    Symbols and numbers showing what atoms make up a substance
  • Chemical reactionTerm
    A process in which substances change into new substances
  • ReactantTerm
    A starting substance in a chemical reaction
  • ProductTerm
    A substance made by a chemical reaction
  • Chemical equationTerm
    A way to show a reaction using formulas
  • Law of conservation of massTerm
    Matter is not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction
  • CatalystTerm
    A substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up
  • EnzymeTerm
    A biological catalyst, made of protein
  • SolutionTerm
    A mixture that is the same all the way through
  • SoluteTerm
    The substance that is dissolved
  • SolventTerm
    The substance that does the dissolving
  • SolubilityTerm
    How much of a substance can dissolve in a solvent
  • ConcentrationTerm
    How much solute is in a certain amount of solution
  • Saturated solutionTerm
    One that cannot dissolve any more solute
  • SuspensionTerm
    A mixture with particles that settle out if left alone
  • ColloidTerm
    A mixture with tiny particles that stay spread out, like milk
  • DensityTerm
    How much mass is in a given volume
  • MassTerm
    The amount of matter in an object
  • VolumeTerm
    The amount of space something takes up
  • Physical changeTerm
    A change in form that does not make a new substance
  • Chemical changeTerm
    A change that makes new substances
  • Physical propertyTerm
    A trait you can observe without changing the substance, like color
  • Chemical propertyTerm
    How a substance can change into another, like flammability
  • Exothermic reactionTerm
    A reaction that gives off heat
  • Endothermic reactionTerm
    A reaction that takes in heat
  • OxidationTerm
    A reaction in which a substance loses electrons or combines with oxygen
  • ReductionTerm
    A reaction in which a substance gains electrons
  • PrecipitateTerm
    A solid that forms from a liquid solution during a reaction
  • DistillationTerm
    Separating liquids by boiling and condensing them
  • FiltrationTerm
    Separating solids from liquids using a filter
  • EvaporationTerm
    A liquid changing to a gas at its surface
  • CondensationTerm
    A gas changing into a liquid
  • MoleTerm
    A unit for counting atoms: 6.02 x 10^23 particles
  • Avogadro's numberTerm
    6.02 x 10^23, the number of particles in one mole
  • Molar massTerm
    The mass of one mole of a substance
  • Valence electronTerm
    An electron in the outer shell that takes part in bonding
  • Atomic numberTerm
    Number of protons in an atom
  • Mass numberTerm
    Protons plus neutrons in an atom
  • IsotopeTerm
    Atoms of one element with different numbers of neutrons
  • RadioactivityTerm
    The giving off of energy and particles by unstable atoms
  • Half-lifeTerm
    Time it takes half of a radioactive sample to decay
  • PolymerTerm
    A large molecule made of many repeating units
  • Organic compoundTerm
    A compound built on carbon, usually with hydrogen
  • AllotropeTerm
    One of different forms of the same element, like diamond and graphite
  • AlloyTerm
    A mixture of metals, such as brass or steel
  • CorrosionTerm
    The slow wearing away of metal by chemical reaction
  • CombustionTerm
    Burning: a fast reaction of a fuel with oxygen
  • Synthesis reactionTerm
    Two or more substances combine to make one product
  • Decomposition reactionTerm
    One compound breaks down into simpler substances
  • ElectrolysisTerm
    Using electricity to split a compound
  • InertTerm
    Not reacting easily with other substances
  • ReactivityTerm
    How easily a substance takes part in chemical reactions
  • MalleableTerm
    Able to be hammered into thin sheets
  • DuctileTerm
    Able to be pulled into wire
  • ConductorTerm
    A material that lets heat or electricity flow easily
  • InsulatorTerm
    A material that does not let heat or electricity flow easily
  • ElectronegativityTerm
    How strongly an atom pulls on shared electrons
  • Periodic lawTerm
    Element properties repeat in a pattern as atomic number goes up

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