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🧩 3rd grade math · Patterns & Algebra

Patterns in times tables

Even × anything is even. Odd × odd is odd. Multiples of 5 end in 0 or 5.

Worked example

Without working it out all the way, will 15 + 8 be even or odd?
Answer: odd
Even + even is even, odd + odd is even, and even + odd is odd. 15 + 8 = 23, which is odd.

For grown-ups: Arithmetic patterns in addition and multiplication tables. Below: three problems to try with the worked answers, and a free printable sheet. Children can practise the same skill as a game, with no sign-up and no ads.

  • CCSS 3.OA.D.9
What this practises, for teachers

Practices arithmetic patterns in addition and multiplication tables (3.OA.D.9). A printable sheet with its answer key, worked answers on the page, no accounts.

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For your class

🖨️ Printable sheet and key

On the board with this skill:

Try three

  1. Without working it out all the way, will 11 × 9 be even or odd?
    Show the answer and how
    Answer: odd
    A product is even if either factor is even, and odd only if both factors are odd. 11 × 9 = 99, which is odd.
  2. In the 9s table, the tens digit is one less than the number you multiply 9 by, and the two digits add to 9. What is 9 × 5?
    Show the answer and how
    Answer: 45
    Tens digit 4, and 5 to make the digits add to 9: 9 × 5 = 45. Answer: 45.
  3. Without working it out all the way, will 14 × 12 be even or odd?
    Show the answer and how
    Answer: even
    A product is even if either factor is even, and odd only if both factors are odd. 14 × 12 = 168, which is even.

Before and after

Comes next: Patterns from a rule (4th), Order of operations (5th)

Name: ____________________Date: ____________Score: ____ / 12

Patterns in times tables (3rd grade)

  1. Which number is in the 5s table (a multiple of 5)? Look at the ones digit.
  2. Without working it out all the way, will 13 + 10 be even or odd?
  3. Which number is in the 5s table (a multiple of 5)? Look at the ones digit.
  4. Without working it out all the way, will 12 + 11 be even or odd?
  5. Without working it out all the way, will 19 + 5 be even or odd?
  6. In the 9s table, the tens digit is one less than the number you multiply 9 by, and the two digits add to 9. What is 9 × 4?
  7. Without working it out all the way, will 15 + 8 be even or odd?
  8. In the 9s table, the tens digit is one less than the number you multiply 9 by, and the two digits add to 9. What is 9 × 7?
  9. In the 9s table, the tens digit is one less than the number you multiply 9 by, and the two digits add to 9. What is 9 × 5?
  10. Without working it out all the way, will 17 × 7 be even or odd?
  11. Which number is in the 5s table (a multiple of 5)? Look at the ones digit.
  12. Without working it out all the way, will 12 × 5 be even or odd?

Answer key

  1. 70
  2. odd
  3. 65
  4. odd
  5. even
  6. 36
  7. odd
  8. 63
  9. 45
  10. odd
  11. 25
  12. even

More 3rd grade skills: all 3rd grade math skills, or every grade at math skills.