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Native American Nations and History

Peoples, homelands, cultures and key events in Native American history, told with respect.

83 cardsGrades 3–5, Grades 6–8, Grades 9–12#native american#indigenous#tribes#cultures

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83 cards
  • Indigenous peoplesNation or term
    The first peoples of a land, here the Native peoples of the Americas
  • Native nationNation or term
    A tribal community with its own government and culture
  • SovereigntyNation or term
    The right of a nation to govern itself; many Native nations are sovereign within the US
  • Haudenosaunee (Iroquois)Nation or term
    Confederacy of six nations in the Northeast: Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, Tuscarora
  • Great Law of PeaceNation or term
    Haudenosaunee constitution that joined the nations in a league
  • LonghouseNation or term
    Long bark-covered home shared by Haudenosaunee families
  • Three SistersNation or term
    Corn, beans and squash, grown together by many Native farmers
  • WampanoagNation or term
    People of southeastern Massachusetts who met the Pilgrims
  • MassasoitNation or term
    Wampanoag leader who made a peace with the Pilgrims in 1621
  • Squanto (Tisquantum)Nation or term
    Patuxet man who helped the Pilgrims survive
  • PowhatanNation or term
    Leader of a confederacy of Algonquian nations in Virginia
  • AlgonquianNation or term
    Large language family of eastern and central North America
  • WigwamNation or term
    Dome-shaped home covered with bark or mats, used by many Eastern nations
  • Lenape (Delaware)Nation or term
    People of the Delaware River area and Manhattan
  • CherokeeNation or term
    Southeastern nation with its own writing system, created by Sequoyah
  • SequoyahNation or term
    Created the Cherokee syllabary in the 1820s
  • Trail of TearsNation or term
    Forced removal of Cherokee and other southeastern nations in the 1830s
  • Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, SeminoleNation or term
    Other nations forced west by removal, along with the Cherokee
  • SeminoleNation or term
    People who resisted removal in Florida in several wars
  • Indian Removal Act (1830)Nation or term
    Law that led to the forced move of Native nations to lands west of the Mississippi
  • Navajo (Diné)Nation or term
    Largest Native nation by population in the US, in the Southwest
  • Long Walk (1864)Nation or term
    Forced march of the Navajo to Bosque Redondo
  • Navajo Code TalkersNation or term
    Marines in WWII who used the Navajo language as an unbreakable code
  • HoganNation or term
    Traditional Navajo home
  • Pueblo peoplesNation or term
    Hopi, Zuni, Taos and others who built villages of adobe in the Southwest
  • AdobeNation or term
    Sun-dried brick made from clay and straw
  • Pueblo Revolt (1680)Nation or term
    Pueblo peoples drove the Spanish from New Mexico for about twelve years
  • PopéNation or term
    Pueblo leader of the 1680 revolt
  • HopiNation or term
    Pueblo people of northern Arizona with ancient farming traditions
  • ApacheNation or term
    Southwestern nations including the Chiricahua
  • GeronimoNation or term
    Apache leader who resisted forced removal
  • LakotaNation or term
    Western Sioux people of the Great Plains
  • Sioux (Dakota, Lakota, Nakota)Nation or term
    Three related groups of Plains and prairie peoples
  • TipiNation or term
    Cone-shaped tent used by Plains peoples that could be moved easily
  • BisonNation or term
    Plains peoples used nearly every part of the bison for food, tools and shelter
  • Sitting BullNation or term
    Lakota leader who resisted taking of the Black Hills
  • Crazy HorseNation or term
    Lakota war leader at the Battle of the Little Bighorn
  • Red CloudNation or term
    Oglala Lakota leader who won a war in 1868 forcing the US to abandon forts
  • Wounded Knee (1890)Nation or term
    Massacre of Lakota people by the US Army in South Dakota
  • CheyenneNation or term
    Plains people who allied with the Arapaho and Lakota
  • ComancheNation or term
    Skilled horse riders who dominated the southern plains
  • Crow (Apsáalooke)Nation or term
    Plains nation of Montana
  • BlackfootNation or term
    Plains nation in Montana and Alberta
  • Nez PerceNation or term
    People of the Pacific Northwest plateau led by Chief Joseph in 1877
  • Chief JosephNation or term
    Nez Perce leader who led a long march toward Canada and said 'I will fight no more forever'
  • Totem poleNation or term
    Carved cedar pole telling family stories, made by Northwest Coast peoples
  • PotlatchNation or term
    Feast where hosts gave gifts, practiced by Northwest Coast nations
  • Tlingit, Haida, KwakiutlNation or term
    Northwest Coast peoples famed for carving and salmon fishing
  • SalmonNation or term
    Key food for Northwest peoples
  • InuitNation or term
    Indigenous peoples of the Arctic, who built igloos for winter hunting shelters
  • Aleut (Unangan)Nation or term
    Indigenous people of the Aleutian Islands in Alaska
  • KayakNation or term
    Narrow hunting boat developed by Arctic peoples
  • HawaiiansNation or term
    Native Hawaiians are the Indigenous people of Hawaii, with their own language and culture
  • Mississippian cultureNation or term
    Mound-building societies in the Mississippi Valley, about 800-1500 CE
  • CahokiaNation or term
    Largest Mississippian city, near St. Louis, with Monks Mound
  • HopewellNation or term
    Ancient Ohio Valley culture known for earthworks and trade
  • AdenaNation or term
    Early mound-building culture in the Ohio Valley
  • Ancestral PuebloansNation or term
    Ancient builders of cliff dwellings like Mesa Verde
  • Mesa VerdeNation or term
    Colorado site of cliff dwellings built about 1190-1280 CE
  • Chaco CanyonNation or term
    Ancient Pueblo center in New Mexico with great houses
  • MohawkNation or term
    Easternmost nation of the Haudenosaunee
  • Pontiac's War (1763)Nation or term
    Native alliance rose against British forces in the Great Lakes
  • TecumsehNation or term
    Shawnee leader who tried to unite Native nations in the early 1800s
  • TenskwatawaNation or term
    Shawnee prophet, Tecumseh's brother
  • Joseph BrantNation or term
    Mohawk leader who sided with the British in the Revolution
  • Worcester v. Georgia (1832)Nation or term
    Supreme Court said Georgia could not control Cherokee land
  • ReservationNation or term
    Land reserved for Native nations by treaty or law
  • Indian TerritoryNation or term
    Land in present Oklahoma where many removed nations were sent
  • Dawes Act (1887)Nation or term
    Broke up reservation land into individual plots, reducing Native land
  • Boarding schoolsNation or term
    Schools that separated Native children from their families and languages
  • Indian Citizenship Act (1924)Nation or term
    Granted US citizenship to Native Americans born in the US
  • Indian Reorganization Act (1934)Nation or term
    Ended allotment and encouraged tribal self-government
  • American Indian MovementNation or term
    Activist group formed in 1968
  • Indian Self-Determination Act (1975)Nation or term
    Gave tribes more control over programs and schools
  • PowwowNation or term
    Gathering with dance, song and food celebrating Native culture
  • Oral traditionNation or term
    Passing history and stories by speaking rather than writing
  • Language revitalizationNation or term
    Native communities are teaching and restoring their languages
  • Native American Heritage MonthNation or term
    November
  • Jim ThorpeNation or term
    Sac and Fox athlete who won Olympic gold medals in 1912
  • Maria TallchiefNation or term
    Osage ballerina, America's first major prima ballerina
  • Wilma MankillerNation or term
    First woman elected Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation, in 1985
  • Deb HaalandNation or term
    Laguna Pueblo member who was the first Native American US cabinet secretary
  • Charles CurtisNation or term
    Kaw Nation member who served as vice president under Hoover

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