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The Civil Rights Movement

People, protests and laws in the struggle for equal rights, mostly from the 1940s to the 1960s.

76 cardsGrades 3–5, Grades 6–8, Grades 9–12#civil rights#martin luther king#segregation#voting rights

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76 cards
  • SegregationPerson, event or term
    Keeping people apart by race in schools, buses, restaurants and more
  • Jim Crow lawsPerson, event or term
    Laws in the South that enforced segregation
  • DiscriminationPerson, event or term
    Treating people unfairly because of who they are
  • Civil rightsPerson, event or term
    Rights that guarantee equal treatment under the law
  • NAACPPerson, event or term
    National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909
  • Thurgood MarshallPerson, event or term
    NAACP lawyer who argued Brown v. Board and became the first Black Supreme Court justice
  • Jackie RobinsonPerson, event or term
    In 1947 became the first Black player in modern major league baseball
  • Executive Order 9981 (1948)Person, event or term
    Truman ordered the end of segregation in the armed forces
  • Brown v. Board of Education (1954)Person, event or term
    Supreme Court ruled that segregated public schools are unequal
  • Earl WarrenPerson, event or term
    Chief Justice when the Court decided Brown v. Board
  • Linda BrownPerson, event or term
    Kansas student at the center of the Brown v. Board case
  • Emmett TillPerson, event or term
    Black teenager killed in Mississippi in 1955; his mother's courage drew national attention
  • Rosa ParksPerson, event or term
    In December 1955 she refused to give up her bus seat in Montgomery, Alabama
  • Montgomery Bus BoycottPerson, event or term
    A year-long refusal to ride city buses in 1955-56
  • Martin Luther King Jr.Person, event or term
    Baptist minister and leader of nonviolent protest
  • NonviolencePerson, event or term
    Peaceful protest, a method King learned from Gandhi and the Gospel
  • Mahatma GandhiPerson, event or term
    Indian leader whose peaceful methods inspired the movement
  • SCLCPerson, event or term
    Southern Christian Leadership Conference, a group led by King
  • Little Rock Nine (1957)Person, event or term
    Nine Black students who integrated Central High School in Arkansas
  • IntegrationPerson, event or term
    Bringing people of different races together in schools and places
  • Ruby BridgesPerson, event or term
    At age six in 1960 she integrated an elementary school in New Orleans
  • Greensboro sit-ins (1960)Person, event or term
    Four college students sat at a whites-only lunch counter in North Carolina
  • Sit-inPerson, event or term
    A protest where people sit in a place and refuse to leave
  • SNCCPerson, event or term
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, formed in 1960
  • Freedom Riders (1961)Person, event or term
    Black and white activists rode buses together through the South to test desegregation
  • John LewisPerson, event or term
    Student leader and Freedom Rider who later served in Congress
  • James MeredithPerson, event or term
    First Black student at the University of Mississippi, in 1962
  • Birmingham campaign (1963)Person, event or term
    Protests in Alabama, including a march of many young people
  • Letter from Birmingham JailPerson, event or term
    King's 1963 letter explaining why people should not wait for justice
  • March on Washington (1963)Person, event or term
    Over 200,000 people gathered at the Lincoln Memorial for jobs and freedom
  • I Have a DreamPerson, event or term
    King's speech at the March on Washington, August 28, 1963
  • A. Philip RandolphPerson, event or term
    Labor leader and a main organizer of the March on Washington
  • Bayard RustinPerson, event or term
    Main organizer of the 1963 March on Washington
  • 16th Street Baptist Church bombing (1963)Person, event or term
    Attack in Birmingham that killed four girls
  • Civil Rights Act of 1964Person, event or term
    Outlawed segregation in public places and discrimination in jobs
  • Lyndon B. JohnsonPerson, event or term
    President who signed the Civil Rights and Voting Rights Acts
  • Freedom Summer (1964)Person, event or term
    Volunteers worked to register Black voters in Mississippi
  • Fannie Lou HamerPerson, event or term
    Mississippi voting rights activist who spoke at the 1964 Democratic Convention
  • 24th Amendment (1964)Person, event or term
    Banned poll taxes in federal elections
  • Poll taxPerson, event or term
    A fee to vote that kept poor Black voters away from the polls
  • Literacy testPerson, event or term
    Reading tests unfairly used to keep Black citizens from voting
  • Selma to Montgomery marches (1965)Person, event or term
    Marches for voting rights, including 'Bloody Sunday' on March 7
  • Edmund Pettus BridgePerson, event or term
    Selma bridge where marchers were attacked on Bloody Sunday
  • Voting Rights Act (1965)Person, event or term
    Protected the right to vote and banned practices that blocked Black voters
  • Malcolm XPerson, event or term
    Leader who spoke for Black pride and self-determination
  • Nation of IslamPerson, event or term
    Religious and social group Malcolm X belonged to before 1964
  • Black PowerPerson, event or term
    Slogan from the 1960s about pride, strength and community control
  • Black Panther PartyPerson, event or term
    Group founded in 1966 in Oakland, California
  • Loving v. Virginia (1967)Person, event or term
    Supreme Court struck down laws against marriage between people of different races
  • Thurgood Marshall's appointment (1967)Person, event or term
    Became the first Black justice on the Supreme Court
  • Assassination of MLK (1968)Person, event or term
    King was killed in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968
  • Fair Housing Act (1968)Person, event or term
    Banned discrimination in selling or renting homes
  • Poor People's CampaignPerson, event or term
    Movement for economic justice that King was planning at his death
  • Cesar ChavezPerson, event or term
    Labor leader who organized farm workers and led nonviolent boycotts
  • Dolores HuertaPerson, event or term
    Co-founded the United Farm Workers with Chavez
  • United Farm WorkersPerson, event or term
    Union of farm workers organized in the 1960s
  • American Indian Movement (1968)Person, event or term
    Native activists working for treaty rights and justice
  • Women's liberation movementPerson, event or term
    Push for equal pay and rights for women in the 1960s and 70s
  • Betty FriedanPerson, event or term
    Author of The Feminine Mystique (1963)
  • Title IX (1972)Person, event or term
    Law banning sex discrimination in schools that get federal money, including sports
  • Equal Pay Act (1963)Person, event or term
    Law requiring equal pay for equal work regardless of sex
  • Stonewall (1969)Person, event or term
    New York protest often seen as a spark of the gay rights movement
  • Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)Person, event or term
    Banned discrimination against people with disabilities
  • Ed RobertsPerson, event or term
    Disability rights pioneer who helped start the independent living movement
  • Japanese American redress (1988)Person, event or term
    Law that apologized for the WWII incarceration and paid survivors
  • Civil disobediencePerson, event or term
    Peacefully refusing to obey an unjust law
  • BoycottPerson, event or term
    Refusing to buy or use something as a protest
  • DesegregationPerson, event or term
    Ending separation of races
  • Separate but equalPerson, event or term
    Rule from Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), overturned for schools by Brown
  • Plessy v. FergusonPerson, event or term
    1896 case that allowed segregation
  • Medgar EversPerson, event or term
    Mississippi NAACP leader killed in 1963
  • Ella BakerPerson, event or term
    Organizer who helped start SNCC
  • Claudette ColvinPerson, event or term
    Teen who refused to give up a bus seat in Montgomery in March 1955
  • Constance Baker MotleyPerson, event or term
    Lawyer who argued important civil rights cases and became a federal judge
  • Barbara JohnsPerson, event or term
    Teen who led a student walkout for better schools in Virginia in 1951
  • Septima ClarkPerson, event or term
    Teacher who started citizenship schools to prepare people to register to vote

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